• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.9 no.11
• /
• pp.407-415
• /
• 2009

In this research, to identify the degree of preference and participation in leisure sports, over 19-year-old adults living in the capital region were collected as subjects, and among them, 250 persons were chosen by purposive sampling method. Using SPSSWIN 16.0, I analyzed the collected data by reliability analysis, paired sample t-test, PPA(preference performance analysis) method. The conclusion is the following. First, the first quadrant showed wind surfing, skins-cuba, water-ski, and yacht, and as a result of this, it is necessary to improve the degree of participation in this field, the second quadrant showed golf, racketball snow board, ski, fishing, and climbing, and these field need to specific attention to maintain continuous attention, for they have a great deal of attendance, the third quadrant, showed water sleigh, cart, balloon, sky-diving, orienteering, hang gliding, model plane, and survival game. As the degree of preference and participation in these sports is low, it is recommended that more effort should be made for these sports. Finally, in the forth quadrant, there are tracking, mountain bike, inline skates, rafting, and cycling. As it's the participation is high, while that of preference is low, it is important to maintain the policy of the participation in leisure sports. Sencondly, the degree of preference and participation in leisure sport activicties acording to socio demographic characteristics differentiate.

• Molecules and Cells
• /
• v.43 no.3
• /
• pp.276-285
• /
• 2020

Circadian rhythm is an endogenous oscillation of about 24-h period in many physiological processes and behaviors. This daily oscillation is maintained by the molecular clock machinery with transcriptional-translational feedback loops mediated by clock genes including Period2 (Per2) and Bmal1. Recently, it was revealed that gut microbiome exerts a significant impact on the circadian physiology and behavior of its host; however, the mechanism through which it regulates the molecular clock has remained elusive. 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propionic acid (4-OH-PPA) and 3-phenylpropionic acid (PPA) are major metabolites exclusively produced by Clostridium sporogenes and may function as unique chemical messengers communicating with its host. In the present study, we examined if two C. sporogenes-derived metabolites can modulate the oscillation of mammalian molecular clock. Interestingly, 4-OH-PPA and PPA increased the amplitude of both PER2 and Bmal1 oscillation in a dose-dependent manner following their administration immediately after the nadir or the peak of their rhythm. The phase of PER2 oscillation responded differently depending on the mode of administration of the metabolites. In addition, using an organotypic slice culture ex vivo, treatment with 4-OH-PPA increased the amplitude and lengthened the period of PER2 oscillation in the suprachiasmatic nucleus and other tissues. In summary, two C. sporogenes-derived metabolites are involved in the regulation of circadian oscillation of Per2 and Bmal1 clock genes in the host's peripheral and central clock machineries.

• The Science & Technology
• /
• no.11 s.426
• /
• pp.88-90
• /
• 2004

• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
• /
• 2004.10a
• /
• pp.118-120
• /
• 2004

• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
• /
• 2004.10a
• /
• pp.121-122
• /
• 2004

• 대학교육
• /
• s.134
• /
• pp.32-37
• /
• 2005

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture Conference
• /
• 2016.03a
• /
• pp.77-78
• /
• 2016

• Journal of Photoscience
• /
• v.12 no.2
• /
• pp.109-111
• /
• 2005

It was found that 1,4-diketones such as 1,4-diphenyl-l,4-butanediones containing N,N-dimethylaminophenyl (pDPB) and N,N-dimethylaminonaphthyl (nDPB) at C2 are converted into 3-(4-dimethylaminoaryl)-1-phenylpropan-lones (pPPA and nPPA) by treatment with $Ca(OH)_2$ in methanol, which was easily oxidized to enone, i.e., 3-(4-dimethylaminophenyl)-l-phenylpropenones (pPPE and nPPE), when treated with 2,3-dichloro-5,6-dicyano-l,4-benzoquinone (DDQ) in dichloromethane.

• Bulletin of the Korean Mathematical Society
• /
• v.49 no.4
• /
• pp.749-759
• /
• 2012

A globally convergent algorithm for solving equilibrium problems is proposed. The algorithm is based on a proximal point algorithm (shortly (PPA)) with a positive definite matrix M which is not necessarily symmetric. The proximal function in existing (PPA) usually is the gradient of a quadratic function, namely, ${\nabla}({\parallel}x{\parallel}^2_M)$. This leads to a proximal point-type algorithm. We first solve pseudomonotone equilibrium problems without Lipschitzian assumption and prove the convergence of algorithms. Next, we couple this technique with the Banach contraction method for multivalued variational inequalities. Finally some computational results are given.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Applied Pharmacology
• /
• 1998.11a
• /
• pp.193-194
• /
• 1998

Recently, evaluation of brain transport of taurine which is possible to effect on Alzheimer's disease has investigated in rats. Also, internal carotid artery perfusion (ICAP) method is very useful for measuring of blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability in rats. But ICAP has difficulties to evaluate of BBB permeability in mice especially. In the present study examines neuropharmaceutials permeability through the BBB in mice by common carotid artery perfusion (CCAP) method that modify ICAP method and require simple surgery. The external carotid artery (ECA) is cannulated with coagulating pterygopalatine artery (PPA) on ICAP method, while CCA is cannulated without coagulating PPA on CCAP method. The CCAP method require 4-5 fold higher infusion rate than ICAP method because an additional factor of 2 must be incorporated to adjust for fluid loss to the extracerebral circulation.