• 근관절건강학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.31-47
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• 1994

The purposes of this research are to examine the effects of muscle relaxation to the rheumatoid arthritis patients' physiological, psychological, and social adaptation, and to verify that the technique Is an effective tool for improving the patients' adaptation. This research utilized a qusi-experimental design that compares the pre-experiment measures and the post-experiment measures. The subjects of this study were 37 out-patients who were diagnosed for rheumatoid arthritis in P university hospital and K clinic between September 12, 1993 and November 30, 1993. The experimental group consisted of patients treated on Monday, Wednesday and Friday. The control group consisted of patients treated on Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday The pre-experimental survey utilized the following tools. The physiological adaptation was measured by a graphic rating scale for pain and activity of daily living. The psychological adaptation was measured by Zung's depression scale and Rosenberg's self-esteem scale : and the social adaptation was measured by Derogatis' psychosocial adjustment scale. The experimental group received muscle relaxation treatment for 15 minutes per day for the period of 2 weeks, the control group received no treatment and had quiet time. The post-experiment measurement was carried out similar to the pre-experiment survey, SPSS $PC^+$ is used to analyze the collected data. The reliabilities of the measurement tools were examined by Cronbach's ${\alpha}$ coefficients. The homogeneities between the experimental and control groups were tested by t-test and chi-square test, hypotheses were tested by t-test. This research found that the general characteristics between the groups were statistically homogenious. The physiological, psychological, and social adaptation between the groups in the pre-experimental survey were also statistically homogenious. The results of this research can be summarized as follows : 1. Concerning the Physiological adaptation, the experimental group showed a statistically lower pain score than the control group. Thus, muscle relaxation was effective to relieve the pain of rheumatoid arthritis patients (t=-2.95, p=.006). 2. Concerning the psychological adaptation, the experimental group showed a statistically lower depression score than the control group. Thus, muscle relaxation was effective to reduce the patient's depression(t=-4.00, p=.001). 3. Concerning social adaptation, the experimental group showed a statistically higher score for the health maintenance and disease control than the control groups. Thus, muscle relaxation was effective for the health maintenance and disease control (t=2.09, p=.004). This research showed that the muscle relaxation is a nursing intervention that can promote the physiological, psychological and social adaptation of the rheumatoid arthritis patients in terms of short-term and cognitive changes. However, more fundomental changes in behavior and long-term physiology could not be found through such a short-term relaxation treatment.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.657-664
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• 2012

본 연구의 목적은 인지기능을 가진 약효제를 발굴하는 것이다. 본 연구에서는 토끼의 간과 신경세포로부터 각각 유래한 angiotension converting enzyme과 acetylcholinesterase에 대한 강황 열수추출물(CLWE)의 억제효과 뿐만 아니라 항산화 효과가 조사되었다. 이리하여 먼저 산화적 스트레스와 연관이 있는 환원력과 DPPH radical, superoxide anion, hydroxyl radical, lipid peroxidation에 대한 CLEW의 소거능 및 DNA 산화에 대한 보호효과를 평가하였다. CLEW는 환원력 뿐만 아니라 본 연구에서 시험된 활성산소종 중에서 특히 superoxide anion의 소거능이 가장 우수한 것으로 나타났다. 더욱이 CLEW는 0.25% 이상의 농도에서 angiotensin converting enzyme 활성을 억제효과를 발휘하는 것으로 나타났다. 신경세포에서 CLEW는 또한 산화적 스트레스와 nitric oxide 유발을 억제하였다. 그러므로 이상의 결과는 CLEW의 항산화 효과와 신경세포 보호효과를 입증하여, 이것이 사람의 신경건강을 위한 천연생물소재로 잠재적인 가능성을 가지고 있을 것으로 시사한다.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.715-725
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• 2009

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to analyze the influence which the professional dental hygiene education has on the knowledge and behavioral change for oral health to the students in the departments of dental hygiene. Methods : 771 students in the first grade and 646 students in the third grade who were attending the departments of dental hygiene from 12 colleges in Korea were surveyed. The self-administered questionnaires were distributed to the students in the colleges during May and asked them to answer the questions and then recovered them on the spot. The collected questionnaires were analyzed by using a SPSS/PC program and the difference of significance depending on the group of the students was tested by Chi-square test or Fisher's exact probability test. Results : In the number of eating snacks by the students during one day, 2-3 times was the highest, irrespectively of the grade. The rate of the students brushing their teeth after snack was higher in the third-grade students(34.8%) than in the first-grade students(20.8%). As the path of acquiring oral health knowledge, all of the first-grade and third-grade students replied that their school classes had impacted them the most. The rate of toothache experience was a higher tendency in third-grade students compared to the first-grade students(p=0.116). The rate of gingival bleeding experience was lower in the third-grade students than in the first-grade students. The rate of oral prophylaxis experience was higher in the third-grade students than in the first-grade students. In the smoking rate, there was lower in the third-grade students than in the first-grade students. The rate of acknowledging smoking hazard to the periodontal health was higher in the third-grade students than in the first-grade students. Conclusions : This study revealed that the third-grade students of dental hygiene departments who were majoring in dental hygiene had a higher perception of oral health than the first-grade students whose the dental hygiene education period was short.

• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.27-38
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• 2018

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to find out the treatment patterns of Children with cerebral palsy, and to analyze the effect of physical function level and treatment intensity on improvement of physical function in children with cerebral palsy for six months. METHODS: Participants were 126 children (boys 83, girls 43) diagnosed cerebral palsy that the mean age was at 33months, ranged from 8 months to 77 months. We collected data related on demography and disable characteristic, treatment pattern using by questionnaire constructed ourselves for six months on caregivers. The treatment pattern includes, type, frequency, and institute of treatment. We performed the evaluation of Gross Motor Function Measurement (GMFM) and Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory (PEDI) between pre and post for six months in order to find out improvement of physical function. We analyzed the effect of physical functional level measured by Gross Motor Functional Classification system, age, treatment intensity on physical function using by repeated measures ANOVA for SPSS PC ver. 22.0. RESULTS: The average of treatment frequency for physical therapy was 5.74 times per week, occupational therapy was 3.96 times, speech therapy was 2.96 times, treatment for accompanying disability was 3.12 times. Physical function level and age was significantly factors affecting improvement of physical function, there was no significant difference according to treatment intensity. CONCLUSION: We suggest that physical function and age might be important factors on improvement of physical function and professional rehabilitation team must consider the appropriate treatment type customized to each children.

• 한국연초학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.131-138
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• 1998

In order to minimize the trial frequency in the new filter cigarette design, we studied the relationship between smoke yield and tipping materials of cigarette. A three levels full factorial design involving filament denier (X1,2.5-3.3d), Porosity of the acetate filter plug wrap (X2, 3,500-16,000CU) and porosity of the tip paper (X3, 400-1,200CU) was used. Three independent factors (Xl, X2, X3) were chosen for their effects on the various responses and the function was expressed in terms of a quadratic polynomial equation, Y : $\beta$o + $\beta$1Xl + $\beta$2X2 + $\beta$3X3 + $\beta$11Xl2 + $\beta$22X22+ $\beta$33X32 + $\beta$12X1X2 + $\beta$13XIX3 $\beta$23X2X3 which measures the linear, quadratic, and interaction effects. Twenty-nine trial numbers were obtained as a results of using a three levels full factorial design and it was analyzed by the multiple regression analysis with backward stepwise in STATISTICA/pc under restricted conditions. Tar yields of the cigarette was affected by porosity of tip paper (0.66), filament denier (0.47) and porosity of plug wrap (0.28) in the decreasing order, and linear effect of tip paper porosity (B3) and filament denier (91) were significant at a level of 0.01($\alpha$). The filament denier and tipping paper porosity interaction F ratio among three factors had a P-value of 0,000041, indicating higher interaction between these factors. Based on the analysis of variance, the model fitted for Tar (Y1) was significant at 5% confidence level and the coefficient of determination (0.96) was the proportion of variability in the data fitted for by the model.

• 한국학교보건학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.231-242
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• 1999

This study was designed to identify the relation between health beliefs and compliance with weight control behavior in obese high school students living in Chonnam province. The data were collected from May 24 to 29, 1999. The instruments used in this study were modified by the authors on the basis of the results of the study's related references. The data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's Correlation using the SAS PC+ program. The results were as follows : 1. The correlation between health concern and compliance with weight control behavior was revealed as statistically significant (r= .34, p= .005). From the correlation of variables, it is concluded that there were statistically significant relations between health concern and benefit (r= .25, p= .043), between health concern and barrier (r= .33, p= .008), between susceptibility and severity (r= .64, p= .000), between susceptibility and benefit (r= .42, p= .000), between susceptibility and barrier (r= .44, p= .003), between severity and benefit (r= .37, p= .002), between severity and barrier (r= .56, p= .000), and between benefit and barrier (r= .38, p= .002). Thus, perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived benefit, and perceived barrier had an indirect influence on compliance with weight control behavior. 2. In the analysis of the relationship between general characteristics and compliance with weight control behavior and health belief variables: Sex (t=2.56, p= .010) was revealed as the influencing variable of health concern. The number of those subjects living together (F=2.88, p= .044) was revealed as the influencing variable of susceptibility. Sex (t=3.47, p= .047), income (F=1.67, p= .051) was revealed as the influencing variable of barrier. 3. In the analysis of the relationship between obese characteristics and compliance with weight control behavior and health belief variables: Perception of weight (F=9.21, p= .000), family history of obesity (t=4.89, p= 030), environment of obesity (t=14.30, p= .000) were revealed as the influencing variables of susceptibility. Perception of weight (F=4.86, p= .001), symptoms of obesity (t=4.46, p= .006), family history of obesity (t=6.59, p= .012), environment of obesity (11.30, p= .001), and reasons of weight control (F=3.07, p= .010) were revealed as the influencing variables of severity. Symptoms of obesity (F=4.15, p= .009), reasons of weight control (F=2.41, p= .046) were revealed as the influencing variables of benefit. Environments of obesity (t=4.23, p= .044) were revealed as influencing variables of barrier. These results suggest that for improvement in compliance with weight control behavior, school nurses should stimulate the students' concerns about health.

• 한국사회복지학
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• 제57권3호
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• pp.133-164
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• 2005

본 연구는 아동이 인지한 가정의 경제적 곤란과 가족갈등 스트레스가 문제행동과 학교적응에 미치는 영향을 아동의 스트레스와 대처방식 간의 상호작용에 관심을 두고 접근하였다. 자료는 C도에 거주하는 12세-15세의 아동 1,200명에 대한 설문조사를 통해 수집, 최종적으로 1,115부를 통계분석하였다. 자료분석결과, 아동의 문제행동과 학교적응에 차이를 가져오는 일반적 특성은 아동의 성, 학년과 성적이 대표적이었고, 가족유형에 따른 차이는 없었다. 경제적 곤란과 가족갈등 스트레스는 적응에 유의한 변수로 나타났으나 성에 따라 차이가 있어 남아는 내 외현화 문제행동에 경제적 곤란과 가족갈등이 영향을 미쳤으나 여아의 내재화 문제행동에는 경제적 곤란의 영향력은 유의하지 않았다. 상호작용에서도 남아의 경우 모든 적응문제에 스트레스 변인과 대처방식의 상호작용효과가 유의하였으며, 여아의 경우에는 공격성, 비행 및 불안 우울에서만 상호작용효과가 유의하게 나타났다. 아동의 스트레스 대처방식이 부적응 예방 프로그램의 한 영역으로서 연구 개발될 필요성이 논의되었다.

• 기본간호학회지
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.477-492
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• 1999

The disease patterns among the Korean was shifted from acute and infectious diseases to chronic diseases. According to the these disease patterns trends, people have concerned about the health promotion and health behaviors. Pender's(1996) revised health promotion model(HPM) is consist of three categories; Individual characteristics and experiences, Behavior-specific cognitions and affect, behavioral outcome. Of these categories, individual characteristics and experiences, this category of variables is considered to be of biological, psychological and socio-cultural personal factors, especially, individual fatigue. Futhermore. these variables constitute a critical core for nursing intervention, as they are subject to modification through nursing actions. But there is no few the research of the relationship between the fatigue and health promotion. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the correlation between the fatigue and health promoting life style among a rural college students. Additionally, this descriptive correlational study identified the relation of demographic factors and fatigue, health promoting life style. From June 20 to 26, 1998, a convenience sample of 270 college students completed the questionnaire of the fatigue and health promoting life style profile which were developed by the Yoshitake(1978) and Walker, et al.(1987), respectively. The descriptive correlational statistics, mean, t-test, ANONA, Pearson correlation coefficient were used to analyze the data gathered with SAS pc+ program. The results were as it follows: 1. The average fatigue score of the subjects was $64.93{\pm}12.89$. Fatigue scores by subcategory were physical symptoms($23.5{\pm}4.87$). psychological symptoms($22.11{\pm}4.66$) and neuro-sensory symptoms($19.32{\pm}5.14$). With the respect to the demographic characteristics of the subjects, there were statistically significant differences between the demographic factors and fatigue, especially, sex(t==3.69 p<0.01), major(t=-2.89 p<0.01). the experience of family illness(t=2.76 p<0.01). 2. The average health promoting life style item score of the subjects was $2.33{\pm}0.33$. In the subcategories, the highest degree of performance was self-actualization(2.94), following interpersonal support(2.81). stress management(2.33), exercise(2.20), nutrition(2.10), and the lowest degree was health responsibility(1.73). There were the significant differences on the learning of health education(t=2.00 p<0.01). religion(F=3.01, p<0.05), circle activity(t=2.07, p<0.05), nutrition control(t=5.25, p<0.01) of demographical factors with the health promoting life style. 3. The correlation between the fatigue and health promoting life style made statistically no significance(r=-0.09731, p>0.05). But there was negative significant relationship between health promoting life style and psychological symptom as a fatigue subcategory(r=-0.15721, p<0.05). The self-actualization showed negative significant correlation with all fatigue subcategory. The health responsibility showed significant relationship with total fatigue(r=0.13050. p<0.05). For further research, it suggests to replicate the correlational and causal study between the fatigue and the health promoting life style using the another fatigue scale which is able to measure the subjective and objective fatigue degree. And it needs to develop the nursing intervention program for maintaining and promoting the health behavior as well as for decreasing the college students's fatigue.

• 대한치과기공학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.89-112
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• 2000

Although dental laboratory technicians are prone to be exposed to various work-related health hazardous materials such as dusts, chemicals, etc., the prevalence and nature of work-related health problems of them have not been a matter of great concern in the field of occupational health service in Korea. The purpose of the present investigation was to describe a collected profile of subjective health symptoms and their attributable factors in Korean dental laboratory technicians. A questionnaire listing five groups of health symptoms and five health symptom-related factors was mailed to randomly selected 1,900 dental laboratory technicians. Among them, 1,344 dental laboratory technicians filled out the questionnaires and returnde them. Five groups of health symptoms included musculoskeletal symptom, dermal symptoms, respiratory symptoms, eys symptoms, and ear symptoms. Five health symptom-related factors were occupational environment-related health risk factors, work history, health related habits and status, use of personal protective equipment and general characteristics. Detailed parameters of health risk factors were work posture, vibration, and chemical or physical hazards such as dust, fume, vapor, solvent, light, and noise for occupational environment-related factors; work place, area, number of employees, work hours, career, work part, and work load for work history; Broca's index, hours of sleep, eating, smoking, alcohol, exercise, health examination, and self assessed health status for health habits and status; face masks, goggles, and so on for use of personal protective equipment, and; age, sex, marital status, and education for general characteristics. Before the start of main survey, a pilot survey was carried out for validity and reliability tests of the questionnaire. All the data obtained were coded and analyzed with PC/SAS 6.12 program. The prevalence of health symptoms was the highest in musculoskelton (87.3%), and followde by eyes (78.9%), respiratory organs (64.3%), ears (57.8%), and skin (52.2%) in descending order. Statistically significant risk factors by multiple logistic regression analyses were sex, health examination, self assessed health status, and hand/finger posture in musculoskeletal symptoms; sex, self assessed health status, career, acid gas, and hand contact with resin mixture in deraml symptoms; Broka's smoking, exercise, self assessed health status, and face mask in respiratory symptoms; sex, hours of sleep, self assessed health status, work hours, work load, plaster dust, inadequate lighting, and goggle in eys symptoms, and eating, smoking, self assessed health status, and work load in ear symptoms. With the above considerations in mind, prevalence of subjective symptoms among Korean dental laboratory technicians was relatively high, and they were attributable to most of the occupational environment-related factors, work history, use of personal protective equipment, health habits and status, and general characteristics. Particularly, it is suggested that health promotion programs for promoting self- assessed health status and smoking cessation, preventive measures for protection of the female technicians’health, and reducing work load be necessary, since those factors were associated with more than one subjective symptom.

• 한국응급구조학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.73-86
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• 2009

Purpose : This study is a descriptive correlation study to offer the basic materials for developing the preventive program of continuously increasing AIDS in the young people by examining the knowledge and attitude of AIDS in college students. Methods : The period of data collection was from May 1 to 15, 2009, 300 freshman, sophomore and junior students who understood the purpose of the research and agreed to participate in the questionnaire were randomly sampled, structured questionnaire was distributed to them and their responses were collected. Instruments used for this study included those used by Kim and Lee and revised and complemented by this researcher to measure the knowledge of AIDS and those by Yun and Lee revised and complemented by the researcher to measure the attitude of AIDS. For data analysis, it measured technical statistics, t-test, ANOVA, and Pearson's correlation coefficient using SPSS/PC 12.0. Results : The results of this study are summarized as follows. 1. The whole knowledge of AIDS the subjects had scored 58.9 and their average attitude scored $3.78(1{\pm}25)$. 2. In the degree of knowledge of AIDS depending on general characteristics and health-related characteristics of the subjects, it was found that the students at the department of emergency medical showed higher knowledge(t=3.638, p=.001) and positive attitude of AIDS(t=3.330, p=.001) compared to students at other majors. 3. In the degree of knowledge of AIDS depending on AIDS-related education, subjects who had experienced AIDS education(t=1.973, p=.050), those with the experience of theory education(F=4.057, p=.008), those who felt the necessity of AIDS education(t=4.588, p=.000), and those who were willing to take part in AIDS education(t=2.898, p=.004) showed higher know1edge of AIDS. In the attitude of AIDS, subjects with theory-oriented AIDS education(F=3.012, p=.032), those who felt the necessity of AIDS education(t=2.445, p=.015), and those who were willing to take part in AIDS education(t=2.379, p=.018) showed positive attitude of AIDS education. 4. As the knowledge of AIDS the subjects was higher(r=.329, p=.000), they showed more positive attitude of AIDS and it meant that there was positive correlations. Conclusion : Consequently, systematic, concrete and continuous education of AIDS suitable to the requirements of college students is needed to induce changes of their knowledge and attitude of AIDS and for this, AIDS education program which can be used properly by the developmental stages of college students who belong to late adolescence should be developed in the field of school and if possible, curriculum of sex education including AIDS education should be established in all departments of college.