• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
• /
• v.44 no.8
• /
• pp.1137-1143
• /
• 2015

This study investigated the free radical-scavenging and antitumor activities of hot water, water, acetone, ethanol, ethyl acetate, chloroform, and hexane extracts of fruits and leaves from Prunus mume. The various extracts were evaluated for their total polyphenol, flavonoid, and tannin contents, scavenging activities by DPPH and ABTS analyses, reducing power, protective effects against oxidative stress in L-132 cells, and antitumor activities against A549, HeLa, and U87 cancer cells. Ethanol extracts of fruits and leaves showed the highest total polyphenol content (336.41 and 523 mg GAE/100 g, respectively). DPPH and ABTS radical-scavenging activities increased according to concentration of fruit. DPPH radical-scavenging activity of ethanol extracts from leaves was 65.48% at $200{\mu}g/mL$. All extract fractions of leaves showed high ABTS radical-scavenging activities. The reducing power activities increased according to increasing concentration of fruits and leaves. All extracts of leaves performed better than extracts of fruits in terms of protective effects against oxidative stress in L-132 cells. Ethyl acetate, chloroform, hexane, ethanol extracts of fruits and leaves showed anticancer activities against A549, HeLa, and U87 cancer cells. However, ethanol extracts of fruits and leaves showed no toxicity in normal cells (BNLCL2). This study suggests that antioxidant activities of fruits and leaves from P. mume depend on polyphenol contents. Thus, fruits and leaves from P. mume can be useful as natural antioxidant compounds.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
• /
• v.9 no.2
• /
• pp.177-187
• /
• 1999

This study was designed to investigate the effects of sports drink including the extract from Prunus mume on the changes of oxygen uptake, minute ventilaton, heart rate, and blood lactate concentration during 1 hour treadmill running exercise corresponding to 75%VO$_2$max. Subjects were 16 male athletes(long distance runners and tennis players). The changing patterns of oxygen uptake and minute ventilation showed no significnat difference among all types of sports drink, but the minute vetilation of the placebo group showed a higher value than type I group during submaximal exercise. Although the changing patterns of heart rate and blood lactate concentration showed no significnat difference among all types of sports drink, but type E group showed a lower heart rate compared to Placebo group. And blood lactate concentration of placebo group showed a higher value compared to the value corresponding to lactate threshold during submaimal exercise. but the other types of sports drink showed a lower value of blood lactate concentration. Especially blood lactate threshold of type D and E groups showed a lower value (range from 1.44 to 2.00mM) during submaximal exercise. In these results, the sports drink including the extract from Prunus mume showed no significant effects to the changes of oxygen uptake, minute ventilaton, heart rate, and blood lactate concentration during 1 hour treadmill runnuing exercise corresponding to 75%VO$_2$max. But it could be suggested the positive effects of the intake of sports drink including the extract from Prunus mume on the inhibition of exercise-induced fatigue during submaximal exercise, because of the lower changing Patterns of heart rate, blood lactate concentration, and ventilation efficiency in this results.

• Food Science and Preservation
• /
• v.15 no.2
• /
• pp.288-292
• /
• 2008

This study examined the general components and biological activities of fruit from different cultivars of Prunus mume. The average moisture content of fruit ranged from 89.94-90.62%. The levels of crude protein, crude fat and crude fiber were not significantly different in the different cultivars. In an antimicrobial activity test, methanol extracts showed the highest activity and extracts from the Chunmae and Baekgaha cultivars had higherantimicrobial activity than other cultivars. The extract of fruit. However, there was no antimicrobial activity against the lactic acid- producing bacteria and yeasts, even at a concentration of 1.5 mg/mL or higher. Antimicrobial substances in methanol extracts of the fruit maintained their activity after heating at $100^{\circ}C$ for 30 minutes and were also unaffected by changes in pH. The antioxidant activities of extracts isolated with different solvents were: methanol > ethylacetate > water> ether> hexane. Antioxidant activity was not significantly different at different harvest times. The antioxidant index of the methanol extract was also the highest in electron donating activity.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Floral Art and Design
• /
• no.37
• /
• pp.157-166
• /
• 2017

To select fruit trees for urban garden with Elaeagnus umbellata var. coreana, Malus domestica 'Alps Otome', Prunus mume, Ribes nigrum, Rubus fructicosus, and Vaccinium corymbosum 'Reka', growth characteristics of these 6 species were compared and effect of trickle irrigation and shading on the growth of these fruit trees were investigated that these treatments were carried out how much these trees are endurable exposed to improper conditions. After passing the winter, E. umbellata var. coreana, M. domestica 'Alps Otome', P. mume, and V. corymbosum 'Reka' showed the highest survival rate, in contrast to R. nigrum with the lowest of 56.0%. In 9 months after planting, the hight growth rate of 62.3% was shown in P. mume but that of E. umbellata var. coreana was stagnant during experimental period. Flowering rate over 80.0% were shown in E. umbellata var. coreana, M. domestica 'Alps Otome', R. fructicosus, and V. corymbosum 'Reka'. On the other hand, R. nigrum has not ever flowering branches. Other species except E. umbellata var. coreana and R. nigrum have about 10 days in flowering duration. After flowering, fruition rate has shown significant difference among 6 species. As a result of both treatment of trickle irrigation and shading, leaf area and leaf weight of E. umbellata var. coreana, M. domestica 'Alps Otome' significantly inceased with treatments that have not affected other species. Based on these result, it is possible to deploy suitable fruit trees to specific garden condition after selecting various fruit trees.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
• /
• v.35 no.5
• /
• pp.622-628
• /
• 2006

Kochujang was prepared with various concentrations of Maesil extracts (0, 1, 2, and 5%) and the physicochemical characteristics of Maesil extracts added Kochujang ('Maesil Kochujang') were investigated during aging of 100 days. pH decreased slightly during aging. Titratable acidity, on the other hand, increased with aging, reaching at the highest level at the 40 days of aging and then decreased slowly. The changes of moisture content were complicated in the beginning, but after 60 days it increased slowly. The water activity decreased but salt concentration increased consistently in all samples during aging. L* and a*-values decreased during aging and L*, a*, and b*-values decreased significantly with high amount of Maesil extract in the sample. Soluble solid contents increased slowly while reducing sugar contents increased for up to 40 days and then decreased. Amino nitrogen contents increased steadily after 40 days of aging and they reached at $230.00{\sim}246.00mg%$ upon 100 days of aging.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
• /
• v.18 no.6
• /
• pp.506-514
• /
• 2003

The effects of Japanese apricot(Prunus mume Sieb. et Zucc.) flesh on baking properties of white breads were investigated by evaluation of specific loaf volume, pH, acidity, rheological property, color and sensory quality. Bread was processed by adding 4.7%, 9.4%, 14.1% and 18.8% of Japanese apricot flesh to basic formulation. The compositions of Japanese apricot flesh were 88.19% moisture, 0.45% crude ash, 4.10% dietary fiber, 4.04% citric acid and 0.41% total sugars. The specific loaf volume of the breads was decreased from 3.274mL/g to 1.857mL/g as Japanese apricot flesh contents increased from 0% to 18.8%. The pH of the breads decreased but the acidity of those increased as the percentage of Japanese apricot flesh to wheat flour increased. Lightness(L value) of the breads decreased by the addition of Japanese apricot flesh, while yellowness(b value) and redness(a value) increased. Texture measurement showed that springiness, cohesiveness and resilience decreased with increase of Japanese apricot flesh contents. While, hardness, gumminess and chewiness were the lowest in the bread with 9.4% Japanese apricot flesh, and increased in the bread with 4.7%, 14.1% and 18.8% Japanese apricot flesh contents. In sensory evaluation, the highest sensory scores for flavor, taste, aftertaste and overall acceptability were obtained when Japanese apricot flesh content was 4.7%, and softness and chewiness was the best when 9.4% of Japanese apricot flesh was added. The moisture content of the breads containing Japanese apricot flesh was higher than that of the control to add no flesh during storage at $25^{\circ}C$. Based on physical, rheological and sensory evaluation, addition of 4.7{\sim}9.4% Japanese apricot flesh suggested to be acceptable for processing bread.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
• /
• v.49 no.4
• /
• pp.821-831
• /
• 2022

American plum line pattern virus (APLPV), a member of the genus Ilarvirus in the family Bromoviridae, is one of the plant quarantine pathogens in Korea. In this study, 15 candidate primer sets were designed and examined to develop a reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay for plant quarantine inspection of APLPV. Using APLPV-infected and healthy samples, the primer sets were assessed for APLPV detection. To confirm the occurrence of nonspecific reactions, six ilarviruses (Apple mosaic virus, Asparagus virus 2, Blueberry shock virus, Prune dwarf virus, Prunus necrotic ringspot virus, and Tobacco streak virus) and 10 target plants (Prunus mume, P. yedoensis, P. persica, P. armeniaca, P. dulcis, P. tomentosa, P. avium, P. glandulosa, P. salicina, and P. cerasifera) were examined. Finally, two primer sets were selected. These primer sets could generate the expected amplicons even with at least 1 ng of the total RNA template in concentration-dependent amplifications. In addition, a positive clone was developed for use as a positive control in the abovementioned RT-PCR assay.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
• /
• v.43 no.10
• /
• pp.1555-1564
• /
• 2014

This study investigated the effects of combined treatment of immersion liquids (adjusted pH 4.5 with Citrus junos concentrate (CL), pH 5.5 with Prunus mume concentrate (PL), or no pH adjustment, pH 6.5, control) and high hydrostatic pressure (HHP, 450 MPa) on shelf-life and quality of mackerel. In this study, we measured changes in viable cell counts, pH level, volatile basic nitrogen, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, color analysis, volatile organic compounds, and sensory evaluation of mackerel at $4^{\circ}C$ for 20 days. CL/HHP and PL/HHP treatments reduced viable cell counts by 3 log cycles during storage compared to the control. Mackerel treated with CL/HHP and PL/HHP showed significantly lower TBARS and VBN levels as compared to the control. After combined treatment, lightness and whiteness increased but redness decreased. VOCs tests showed that contents of alcohol, acid, and ketones in mackerel fillet treated with CL/HHP and PL/HHP were relatively reduced. Especially, CL/HHP and PL/HHP suppressed production of sulfur. In the sensory evaluation, aroma, taste, salinity, hardness, and springiness of mackerel treated with combined HHP showed higher scores than the control. These results suggest that immersion liquids and HHP treatments may increase shelf-life of mackerel and maintain quality during storage at $4^{\circ}C$.

• Biomedical Science Letters
• /
• v.8 no.4
• /
• pp.223-228
• /
• 2002

In vitro bioassays of aqueous extracts of 25 herbal species were performed by ovicidal activity against Strongvloides venuelensis. 500 mg of feces from Mongorian gerbil infected with S. venuelensis were placed into polyvinyl culture with extracts of herb and anthelmintic drugs in triplicates. Larval activity inside the polyvinyl bag was recorded microscopically at 12 hours, and every 24 hours thereafter for up to 72 hrs incubation. Eggs were not hatched within 72 hrs and degeneration was evident in the presence of extracts. The ovicidal activity characterized by the absence of L$_3$ in fecal cultures inside the polyvinyl bag. 1. Among 25 herbs, 12 herbs had ovicidal effects and caused degeneration of larvae in egg. S. angustifolia, I. helenium, A. korenum, P. tenuifolia, F. virridissima, A. asiatica, S. chinensis, A. tataricus, S. baicalensis, M. rimosa, S. glabra and Z. piperitum were the most ovicidal effect. However, P. thunbergiana, T. chinensis, C. flos, G. uralensis, C. obutusifolia, C. fortunei, A. koreana, P. grandiflorum, P. tenuifolia (Radix), P. mume and A. asphodelodes showed no ovicidal effects in vinyl bag culture. 2. Of 25 hrebs, 4 herbs had ovicidal and wormicidal effects, P. thunbergiana, C. flos, B. Striata and T. chinensis were characterized by degeneration of larvae.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
• /
• v.46 no.1
• /
• pp.140-145
• /
• 2017

Pinus koraiensis cone (PKC) extract was prepared by mixing PKC with sugar at a weight ratio of 1:1 and then removing PKC after incubating the mixture at room temperature for 100 days. The resulting PKC extract was examined for its physicochemical properties and antioxidant activities using Prunus mume fruit extract, which is similar to PKC extract in terms of preparation procedure and product usage, as a control. PKC extract consisted mainly of moisture (21.76%) and sugar (70.03%), leading to high viscosity. PKC extract was apparently yellowish, and therefore its browning index and color intensity were appreciably lower than the control (P=0.0000), indicating that Maillard reaction was not facilitated during fermentation. Compared with the control, PKC extract was not appreciably different in terms of total flavonoid content, whereas its organic acid content and total reducing capacity were significantly lower. Nevertheless, its metal-chelating activity and DPPH radical scavenging activity were comparable to those of the control. In addition, SOD-like activity of PKC extract was 2-fold higher than that of 6.6 mM quercetin, which had a higher total flavonoid content than PKC extract. This indicates that PKC extract contains certain flavonoids with higher antioxidant activities than quercetin. The results show that PKC extract provides antioxidant activity as well as characteristically different sensory properties due to its higher sugar and lower organic acid contents compared with Prunus mume fruit extract.