• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.797-806
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• 2013

Meta-analysis is used in variety of areas to synthesize the results of previous studies. Among the methods for Meta-analysis, combining p-values is the simplest method; in addition Tippett (1931), Fisher (1932), Stuoffer at al. (1949), proposed various methods to combine p-values. We propose a new method to combine p-values based on exponential distribution. A Monte Carlo simulation study compares the power of the proposed methods with previous methods.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.905-926
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• 1998

We propose a modified mid P-value method to reduce the conservativeness for the inference of conditional associations in three-way contingency tables. This improves the ordinary mfd P-value method. For $2{\times} 2${\times} K$ tables, we propose confidence intervals for an assumed common odds ratio based on inverting two separate one-sided tests using the modified mid P-value. Also, an alternative and usually even better ways of constructing intervals, based on Inverting a two-sided test, are presented. The actual probability of coverage of a 100($1-\alpha$)% confidence interval is centered about the nominal level, but the modified mid P-value approach gives actual coverage probability even closer to the nominal level than the ordinary mid P-value approach.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.4 no.5
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• pp.469-479
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• 1995

The increase of population and industrial activities had brought into eutrophication in the Nakdong river. A remarkable acceleration of eutrophication brought about serious problems for water supply. Therefore, for the purpose of conservation of water quality in the Nakdong river it is necessary to control nutrients. MBOD method was use to evaluate algal growth limiting factor and algal growth potential in the Nakdong river from June to August 1994. The modified biochemical oxygen demand(MBOD) depends on the amount of available inorganic nutrient and organic substrate during 5 day incubation in the dark at 2$0^{\circ}C$. The MBOD assay depends on inorganic nutrients such as P and N as well as reduced carbon and called the MBOD, the MBOD-P, and the MBOD-N, respectively. The results of bioassay by MBOD(Modified BOD) method showed that the MBOD, MBOD-P and MBOD-N value were found to be in the ranges of 3.8~96.0 mg$O_2$/l, 5.6~94.0 mg$O_2$/l and 42.0~220 mg$O_2$/l, respectively. And the the bioassay value was found to be the highest in Koryong area and the lowest in Waekwan area throughout the Nakdong river. The variations of MBOD-P and MBOD-N value showed similar tendencies to the variations of phosphorus and nitrogen value, respectively. By MBOD method, the relationships of MBOD, MBOD-P and MBOD-N value were MBOD ≒ MBOD-P 《 MBOD-N. The MBOD value was nearly equal to the MBOD-P value, and the MBOD-N value was 3 to 20 times more than the MBOD-P value, approximately. Therefore, in the Nakdong river, phosphorus was the limiting factor for algal growth during summer season. The algal growth potential as the concentration of chlorophyll-a in the summer was maximum 5 times more than standing crop as it.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems Conference
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• 2006.05a
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• pp.199-202
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• 2006

We propose some properties of fuzzy p-value and fuzzy significance level to the test statistics for the fuzzy hypotheses testing. Appling the principle of agreement index, we suggest two method for fuzzy hypothesis testing by fuzzy rejection region and fuzzy p-value with fuzzy hypothesis $H_{f,0}$.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.121-127
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• 1981

The constituents of molasses and effect of pH precipitate formation in molasses solution, vary according to its producing districts. The formation of precipitation is not so changeable in the range of buffering zone of molasses solution(pH4.3-6.3) in philippine molasses according to the change of pH value. On lower or higher than the range of buffering zone, the precipitation is increased from pH 4.3 to 2.8 and from 6.3 to 8.1, it is decreased when pH value is lower or higher than the pH value range. For molasses clarifying, it had better adjust the pH of molasses solution to neutral or weak alkali range out of the alkai side of the buffering zone, with lime solution. And then, add the calcium super phosphate solution to pH value of alkali side in buffering zone, as much as the pH of clarified molasses solution can reach to middle value in buffering zone. For the equilibrium of pH value on clarifying molasses, it takes plenty of time more than 6 hours.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.143-150
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• 2020

In this study, crude protein was analyzed and compared using the Kjeldahl and Dumas method for cereals, meat, sea food, chemical samples and vegetable. The nine kinds of cereal, including white rice, were analyzed. In the result, the correlation coefficient of the Kjeldahl and the Dumas method indicated that there was no significant difference between them, showing 0.994 of it and 0.956 of p-value. Also, for the nine kinds of meat, five kinds of sea food, three kinds of chemical samples, four kinds of vegetable, there was little difference about the correlation coefficient of the Kjeldahl and the Dumas method, showing 0.9725, 0.9879, 0.9985 and 0.9873 of it and 0.947, 0.761, 0.997 and 0.727 of p-value, respectively. For the samples of meat, they were not fully homogenized, so the reproducibility of them was not good in the Dumas method, which is required to be analyzed in small size. However, when vegetables, which contain a lot of nitrates, are analyzed using Kjeldahl, they showed the lower reproducibility compared to the result of using Dumas because they are not completely decomposed in the Kjeldahl method. In the Dumas method, the samples should be homogenized because only 0.1 g sample is used. In short, neither of the Kjeldahl and Dumas methods are an accurate quantitative test because both of them do not directly analyze pure protein but measure the amount of protein based on analysis of nitrogen. Therefore, it is important of selecting the appropriate analysis method considering the characteristics of samples.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• v.22 no.8
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• pp.1352-1368
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• 2021

Objective: For an accurate dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) MRI analysis, exact baseline T1 mapping is critical. The purpose of this study was to compare the pharmacokinetic parameters of DCE MRI using synthetic MRI with those using fixed baseline T1 values. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study included 102 patients who underwent both DCE and synthetic brain MRI. Two methods were set for the baseline T1: one using the fixed value and the other using the T1 map from synthetic MRI. The volume transfer constant (K^trans), volume of the vascular plasma space (v_p), and the volume of the extravascular extracellular space (v_e) were compared between the two methods. The interclass correlation coefficients and the Bland-Altman method were used to assess the reliability. Results: In normal-appearing frontal white matter (WM), the mean values of K^trans, v_e, and v_p were significantly higher in the fixed value method than in the T1 map method. In the normal-appearing occipital WM, the mean values of v_e and v_p were significantly higher in the fixed value method. In the putamen and head of the caudate nucleus, the mean values of K^trans, v_e, and v_p were significantly lower in the fixed value method. In addition, the T1 map method showed comparable interobserver agreements with the fixed baseline T1 value method. Conclusion: The T1 map method using synthetic MRI may be useful for reflecting individual differences and reliable measurements in clinical applications of DCE MRI.

• Journal of Korean Port Research
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.69-90
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• 1996

This study is related to save the bearing capacity from using Meyerhof formula namely, static mechanics formula with the S.P.T(N value) of the soft ground and is to choose the soft ground improvement method by the using of total load for the proper method of the pile foundation and then to design the most suitable pile foundation to fit the actual circumstance. The purpose of this study is calculating the diameter of the pile foundation by static mechanics formula and introducing the optimum design condition from the result of the bearing capacity for using N value of the S.P.T obtained from the deep soft ground about the piles such as P.H.C pile, pipe and cast-in-place pile of big diameter, etc. As above-mentioned, it is considered that the use of P.H.C pile or pipe pile is advisable on the synthetical investigation and that the selection of cast-in-place pile method is desirable in terms of the constructive safety and durability.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.250-256
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• 1987

An attempt was made to establish a simple and rapid method for the evaluation of Kimchi quality. Four kinds of Kimchi included one home made traditional Kimchi were stored at $4^{\circ}C$ and$25^{\circ}C$ and biochemical changes, including pH, total acidity, volatile acidity, volatile basic nitrogen, vitamin C, NaCl, glucose, nitrite and resazurin value were determined and tested for the relationship with sensory evaluation. The change in pH, total acidity and resazurin value were highly correlated with the sensory maturity of Kimchi-Resazurin value was strongly influenced by the sample dilution and fermentation temperatures. It was concluded that resazurin test with sample solution of $2{\sim}4%$ could be used as a rapid method for the estimation of the maturity of Kimchi.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.4 no.5
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• pp.83-83
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• 1995

The increase of population and industrial activities had brought into eutrophication in the Nakdong river. A remarkable acceleration of eutrophication brought about serious problems for water supply. Therefore, for the purpose of conservation of water quality in the Nakdong river it is necessary to control nutrients. MBOD method was use to evaluate algal growth limiting factor and algal growth potential in the Nakdong river from June to August 1994. The modified biochemical oxygen demand(MBOD) depends on the amount of available inorganic nutrient and organic substrate during 5 day incubation in the dark at 20$^{circ}C$. The MBOD assay depends on inorganic nutrients such as P and N as well as reduced carbon and called the MBOD, the MBOD-P, and the MBOD-N, respectively. The results of bioassay by MBOD(Modified BOD) method showed that the MBOD, MBOD-P and MBOD-N value were found to be in the ranges of 3.8∼96.0 mg$O_2$/l, 5.6∼94.0 mg$O_2$/l and 42.0∼220 mg$O_2$/l, respectively. And the the bioassay value was found to be the highest in Koryong area and the lowest in Waekwan area throughout the Nakdong river. The variations of MBOD-P and MBOD-N value showed similar tendencies to the variations of phosphorus and nitrogen value, respectively. By MBOD method, the relationships of MBOD, MBOD-P and MBOD-N value were MBOD ≒ MBOD-P 《 MBOD-N. The MBOD value was nearly equal to the MBOD-P value, and the MBOD-N value was 3 to 20 times more than the MBOD-P value, approximately. Therefore, in the Nakdong river, phosphorus was the limiting factor for algal growth during summer season. The algal growth potential as the concentration of chlorophyll-a in the summer was maximum 5 times more than standing crop as it.