• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.155-157
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• 2004

We isolated Rice dwarf virus (RDV) from infected plants in rice fields (Korea, Japan, China, the Philippines and Nepal) and analyzed their genomic dsRNAs by polyacrylamide gel eletrophoresis. The genomic dsRNAs of the isolates showed distinct electrophoretic mobility profiles. The S12 coding to nonstructural protein of Korean isolate (RDV-Kr) was further analyzed by sequencing. The S12 of RDV-Kr was 1,066bp long and coded for a protein composed of 312 amino acids including three open reading frames of P12, P120Pa and P120Pb. The sequence identities were 96% and 98.6% with Japanese isolates (H, AN), 94.7% with Nepalese isolate (NEL), 94% with Chinese isolate (CK) and the Philippines isolate (P).

• 한국문헌정보학회지
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• 제49권1호
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• pp.443-464
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• 2015

본 연구는 뇌파측정기술(EEG)과 사건관련유발전위 P3b를 활용하여 이용자의 인지적 반응을 측정한 후 비디오 키프레임을 자동으로 추출할 수 있는지의 가능성을 조사해 보았다. 20명의 피험자들을 대상으로 뇌파를 측정하고 분석한 결과, 적합 이미지 자극 시 좌측 두정엽 영역이 우측 두정엽 영역보다 더 활성화되며, 좌우측간 두정엽 영역의 활성화 정도가 유의한 차이를 보였다. 비적합 이미지 자극 시에는 좌측 두정엽 영역이 적합 이미지보다 덜 활성화되고, 두정엽 영역의 좌우간 활성화도 유의한 차이가 없는 것으로 나타났다. 이외에, 모든 채널의 평균값(MGFP1)의 잠재기, 채널 동시성 패턴 등에서도 두 자극간에 차이를 보여 뇌파측정기술에 기반한 키프레임 자동 추출이 가능한 것으로 확인되었다.

• 생물정신의학
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.80-85
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• 2013

Objectives Research suggests that content of delusion and hallucination in schizophrenia is influenced by culture and social environment. However, few studies investigated chronological change of delusions and hallucinations within a society. To investigate changes in delusions and hallucinations of schizophrenia according to time, we compared contents of symptoms between inpatients with schizophrenia at two different time frames. Methods All admissions to a psychiatric unit of Hanyang University Guri Hospital with discharge diagnoses of schizophrenia at two different five-year time frames (1996-2000 and 2006-2010) were reviewed. Using a checklist, adapted from the Scale for Assessment of Positive Symptoms, we investigated delusions and hallucinations of 247 patients (104 in the 1990s and 143 in the 2000s). Results Delusions and hallucinations of patients did not differ at two time frames. In women, however, auditory and somato-tactile hallucinations were significantly more frequent in the 1990s (p < 0.05). Conclusions Our findings support the literature emphasizing that content and frequency of hallucination may differ according to cultural environment. We speculate that attitude toward sex and defensiveness toward disclosure of symptoms may have contributed to interval difference.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제33권10C호
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• pp.820-828
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• 2008

H.264/AVC 동영상 부호화 표준은 높은 부호화 효율을 위해서 가변 블록 크기 부호화, 1/4 화소 정확도의 움직임 예측, 다중 참조 프레임 사용, 율-왜곡 최적화 등과 같은 기법을 도입하였다. 그러나 이러한 부호화 방법들은 움직임 예측에 필요한 복잡도를 크게 증가시키는 단점이 있다. 특히 다중 참조 프레임 움직임 예측을 수행함으로써 증가되는 계산량은 탐색되는 참조 프레임의 개수에 따라 선형적으로 비례하여 늘어난다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 다중 참조 프레임 움직임 예측에서 탐색되는 참조 프레임의 개수를 효율적으로 조절함으로써 복잡도를 크게 줄일 수 있는 방법을 제안한다. 제안하는 알고리듬은 인터 $16{\times}16$ 모드와 인접 블록의 최적 참조 프레임 정보를 이용하여 나머지 화면간 모드들에서의 불필요한 탐색 과정을 생략한다. 실험 결과는 제안하는 방법을 적용함으로써 영상의 화질과 비트율의 큰 변화 없이 부호화 행 시간을 평균 58.54% 정도의 큰 폭으로 감소시킴을 보인다. 또한 이 방법은 다른 고속 움직임 예측 알고리듬을 같이 적용함으로써 추가적인 성능 향상을 얻을 수 있는 확장성을 가진다.

• 한국지진공학회논문집
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.21-28
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• 2008

다자유도 시스템의 내진 성능을 평가하기 위해서는 반복적인 비선형 시간 이력 해석이 필요하며 이를 위해 많은 계산과정과 노력이 필요하다. 이와 같이 해석에 따르는 어려움을 보완하기 위해 복잡한 다자유도 시스템을 반영할 수 있는 등가 단자유도 시스템을 개발하였다. 등가 단자유도의 이력 모델로는 일반적으로 이선형 모델과 삼선형 모델이 사용된다. 이러한 모델은 탄성 거동 이후 음강성을 가질 수 있도록 하여 지진 발생 시 중력하중에 의한 발생되는 효과를 반영하기 위해서이다. 본 연구에서는 철골모멘트 골조의 실제 응답을 예측하기 위하여 이러한 이력 모델들로 거동하는 등가단자유도 시스템의 필요조건에 대하여 평가하였다. 이를 위해 본 연구에서는 로스엔젤레스 지역의 SAC 9층 모멘트 저항 골조를 비선형 다자유도 시스템과 등가단자유도 시스템으로 모델링하여 반복하중 푸쉬오버 해석, 비선형 시간 이력해석 및 IDA(Incremental Dynamic Analysis)를 수행하여 비교 검토하였다. 또한 본 연구에서는 강도저감 모델에 대해서도 평가를 수행하였다.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.163-180
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• 2009

In the design of tall reinforced concrete (R/C) buildings, the serviceability stiffness criteria in terms of maximum lateral displacement and inter-story drift must be satisfied to prevent large second-order P-delta effects. To accurately assess the lateral deflection and stiffness of tall R/C structures, cracked members in these structures need to be identified and their effective member flexural stiffness determined. In addition, the implementation of the geometric nonlinearity in the analysis can be significant for an accurate prediction of lateral deflection of the structure, particularly in the case of tall R/C building under lateral loading. It can therefore be important to consider the cracking effect together with the geometric nonlinearity in the analysis in order to obtain more accurate results. In the present study, a computer program based on the iterative procedure has been developed for the three dimensional analysis of reinforced concrete frames with cracked beam and column elements. Probability-based effective stiffness model is used for the effective flexural stiffness of a cracked member. In the analysis, the geometric nonlinearity due to the interaction of axial force and bending moment and the displacements of joints are also taken into account. The analytical procedure has been demonstrated through the application of R/C frame examples in which its accuracy and efficiency in comparison with experimental and other analytical results are verified. The effectiveness of the analytical procedure is also illustrated through a practical four story R/C frame example. The iterative procedure provides equally good and consistent prediction of lateral deflection and effective flexural member stiffness. The proposed analytical procedure is efficient from the viewpoints of computational effort and convergence rate.

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국생물공학회 2000년도 춘계학술발표대회
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• pp.584-587
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• 2000

The invasion genes from Salmonella typhimurium were identified by the construction of a cosmid library and subcloning genes into a plasmid vector, pGEM-7Z. The 4.65 kb fragment of the invasion-conferring genomic region of the subclone, pSV6235 was sequenced in both direction. The three open reading frames, which were located at downstream of a promoter region, were designated as sir (Salmonella invasion region)A coding for the 36 amino acids, sirB coding for the 132 amino acids and sirC for the 82 amino acids, respectively. Interesingly, the genomic region of pSV6235 was highly homologous to Yersinia enterocolitica genomic DNA for a high pathogenicity island and Salmonella enteritidis insertion element IS1351 and IS200 DNA. These results show that there could be a significant relationship between S. typhimurium, Y. enterocolitica and S. enteritidis with respect to horizontal evolution process and acquisition of virulence determinants by means of transposon, plasmid or bacteriophage.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제21권8호
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• pp.796-801
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• 2011

Corynebacterium tuberculostearicum B146, a strain derived from healthy human skin, contains a medium copy plasmid, p1B146. This plasmid was cloned and its complete nucleotide sequence determined. As a result, p1B146 was found to be 4,2 kb in size with a 53% G+C content, plus six open reading frames (ORFs) were distinguished. According to a computer-assisted alignment, two of the ORFs exhibited significant similarities to already-known common plasmid proteins, the first being the RepA gene, responsible for plasmid replication via a rolling-circle mechanism, and the second being an FtsK-like protein, the function of which remains unclear. The presence and quantity of RNA fragments in the putative ORFs were also evaluated.

• 근관절건강학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.19-26
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• 2014

Purpose: This study was examined the effects of a hepatitis A education on attitude, vaccination intention, and preventive behavior. Methods: Eighty-eight college students at two universities participated in this study. The data were collected from August 29 to September 30 in 2011 and were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, and ${\chi}^2$ test. Results: There were no significant differences of preventive behavior of hepatitis A between the positive and negative message groups (t=1.10, p=.499). However, the negative message group had a significantly higher attitude of preventive behavior (t=0.92, p=.049) and vaccination intention (${\chi}^2$=5.43, p=.039) than the positive message group. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that negatively framed messages are effective on increasing the attitude, vaccination intention, and preventive behavior.

• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.103-110
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• 2015

Precast Concrete (PC) construction method can be the one that is suitable for long-life housing due to its merit in respect of maintenance and durability based on crack-free from mass production with indirect construction cost-saving-effect due to shortening construction period comparing to the conventional construction method, but it has the problem that causes the raise of direction construction costs. So, this study analyzed its economic feasibility of PC method whose maintenance and durability are excellent for underground parking lot of apartment house for accomplishing cost-saving long-life housing by applying the various structural system. In evaluation of unit module structural system, two-way PC system requires 10 to 28% more costs for frame work than RC rigid frames, and, one-way PC system 98~112%. Although it varies depending on the method, the costs are similar to RC rigid frame structure, provided a proper method is adopted. Also, Model 11, which was most economical in the evaluation, was applied to an real parking lot and about 2 to 6% of construction costs was reduced than RC rigid frames. This seems to be because, although PC system has a higher production cost, introduction of P.S (prestress) reduces member depth and, therefore, height, as well as the number of members per unit module.