• The Korean Journal of Health Service Management
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.157-168
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• 2018

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to explore and describe the influencing factors in preventive behavior of tuberculosis among elementary school teachers. Methods: Participants were 151 teachers working at 3 elementary schools in Kimhae City, 3 in Changwon City and 2 in Miryang City. Data were collected with structured questionnaires from May. 8. to Jun. 1. in 2018. Data were analyzed by SPSS/WIN 21.0 program for descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient and stepwise multiple regression. Results: The preventive behavior of tuberculosis among elementary school teachers were significantly positive correlated with knowledge(r=.275, p=.001), attitude(r=.493, p<.001) and self-efficacy(r=.280, p=.001). Moreover, The significant factors of the preventive behavior of tuberculosis were attitude(${\beta}=.341$, p<.001), gender(${\beta}=.407$, p<.001), smoking status(${\beta}=.210$, p=.004), self-efficacy(${\beta}=.187$, p=.005) and knowledge(${\beta}=.145$, p=.026). Conclusions: In this study, in order to promote the preventive behavior of tuberculosis among elementary school teachers, it is necessary to find ways to increase knowledge, attitude, and self-efficacy of tuberculosis, which are significant influencing factors. In addition it would be possible to develop more effective and efficient nursing intervention program if the individual characteristics of the subjects such as gender and smoking status are considered.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.29 no.1 s.52
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• pp.15-26
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• 1996

It has been studied that a variety of fauna and flora are sensitive biological indicators which reflect the severity of regional pollution of heavy metals, but in the center of part of Taegu City the controversial issue of lead poisoning attributable to the atmosphere which contains an increased concentrations of lead has been raised recently, it is usually hard to find suitable plants or animal in the areas with heavy traffic. Pigeons are ubiquitous in and around Taegu City area, inhabiting even the most densely populated areas with heavy traffic. With its small body size, high metabolic turnover, and rather limited mobility, a pigeon, as a biological indicator is expected. This study was conducted to monitor lead pollution in the Taegu and Kyongju City in Korea. We measured the lead content of the various tissue of three groups of feral pigeon(Columba livia) and soil and atmospheric lead concentration. First group was obtained in heavy traffic area in Taegu City, the second group was obtained a park in Taegu City and the third group was obtained light traffic area in Kyongju City. The air and soil lead concentration of heavy traffic area in Taegu City was $0.11{\mu}g/m^3,\;4.96{\mu}g/g$, that of park in Taegu City was $0.05{\mu}g/m^3,\;2.65{\mu}g/g$ and that of light traffic area in Kyongju City was $0.03{\mu}g/m^3,\;0.01{\mu}g/g$. The lead content of lung, blood, kidney, femur and liver of feral pigeons in heavy traffic area in Taegu City was significantly higher than pigeons obtained in a park in Taegu City and low traffic density area in Kyongju City(p<0.01). But stomach lead content of three group did not reflect a significant difference. In this study positive correlation was found between atmospheric lead concentrations and the concentration of lead in the pigeon's lung(r=0.5040, p<0.001), blood(r=0.3322, p<0.01), kidney(r=0.4824, p<0.001), femur(r=0.7214, p<0.001) and liver(r=0.4836, p<0.01). We can also found positive correlation between soil lead concentrations and the concentration of lead in the pigeon's femur(r=0.4850, p<0.001), kidney(r=0.4850, p<0.001) and liver(r=0.4386, p<0.01). In the pigeon's tissue there were significant correlations between concentration of lead in the blood and kidney(r=4818, p<0.001), femur(r=0.6157, p<0.001) and liver(r=0.3889, p<0.001). In conclusion, at the heavy traffic area in Taegu City, lead concentrations found in the atmosphere and soil are reflected in the lead concentrations of different tissue of urban pigeons. It is suggested that the tissue of pigeons can be good biological indicators of environmental lead pollution.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers P
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• v.58 no.3
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• pp.291-296
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• 2009

"The Act on Ubiquitous City Construction and etc." stipulates the regulations on the planning, construction and management of the u-City. As its national-level law system is about to take its effects, future new city developments are expected to have its legal basis to be built to meet u-City requirements. Also, it is anticipated that such needs would require much more planning techniques and strategies. In reaction to those upcoming needs, this study is to search for new IT infrastructure construction process of the u-City in reality. It is also to supply with the each step framework to execute the u-City projects in more structuralize and systemize manner. Therefore, with the u-City IT infra construction guide line v1.0, purpose of the establishment of comprehensive IT infrastructure construction process.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.18
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• pp.8239-8245
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• 2016

The p53 gene is inactivated by the human papillomavirus (HPV) E6 protein in the majority of cervical cancers. Treatment of HeLa S3 cells with siRNA for HPV E6 permitted adenovirus-mediated transduction of a p53 gene linked to an upstream estrogen response element (ERE). Our previous study in non-siRNA treated HHUA cells, which are derived from an endometrial cancer and express estrogen receptor ${\beta}$, showed enhancing effects of an upstream ERE on adenovirus-mediated p53 gene transduction. In HeLa S3 cells treated with siRNA for HPV E6, adenovirus-mediated transduction was enhanced by an upstream ERE linked to a p53 gene carrying a proline variant at codon 72, but not for a p53 gene with arginine variant at codon 72. Expression levels of p53 mRNA and Coxsackie/adenovirus receptor (CAR) mRNA after adenovirus-mediated transfer of an ERE-linked p53 gene (proline variant at codon 72) were higher compared with those after non-ERE-linked p53 gene transfer in siRNA-treated HeLa S3 cells. Western blot analysis showed lower ${\beta}$-tubulin levels and comparatively higher p53/${\beta}$-tubulin or CAR/${\beta}$-tubulin ratios in siRNA-treated HeLa S3 cells after adenovirus-mediated ERE-linked p53 gene (proline variant at codon 72) transfer compared with those in non-siRNA-treated cells. Apoptosis, as measured by annexin V binding, was higher after adenovirus-mediated ERE-linked p53 gene (proline variant at codon 72) transfer compared with that after non-ERE-linked p53 gene transfer in siRNA-treated cells.

• Hip & pelvis
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.183-192
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• 2023

Purpose: This study aims to determine which intertrochanteric (IT) hip fracture and patient characteristics predict the necessity for adjunct reduction aides prior to prep and drape aiming for a more efficient surgery. Materials and Methods: Institutional fracture registries from two academic medical centers from 2017-2022 were analyzed. Data on patient demographics, comorbidities, fracture patterns identified on radiographs including displacement of the lesser trochanter (LT), thin lateral wall (LW), reverse obliquity (RO), subtrochanteric extension (STE), and number of fracture parts were collected, and the need for additional aides following traction on fracture table were collected. Fractures were classified using the AO/OTA classification. Regression analyses identified significant risk factors for needing extra reduction aides. Results: Of the 166 patients included, the average age was 80.84±12.7 years and BMI was 24.37±5.3 kg/m². Univariate regression revealed increased irreducibility risk associated with RO (odds ratio [OR] 27.917, P≤0.001), LW (OR 24.882, P<0.001), and STE (OR 5.255, P=0.005). Multivariate analysis significantly correlated RO (OR 120.74, P<0.001) and thin LW (OR 131.14, P<0.001) with increased risk. However, STE (P=0.36) and LT displacement (P=0.77) weren't significant. Fracture types 2.2, 3.2, and 3.3 displayed elevated risk (P<0.001), while no other factors increased risk. Conclusion: Elderly patients with IT fractures with RO and/or thin LW are at higher risk of irreducibility, necessitating adjunct reduction aides. Other parameters showed no significant association, suggesting most fracture patterns can be achieved with traction manipulation alone.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.123-140
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• 2022

Recently, research on solving problems that have introduced the concept of smart city in countries and companies around the world is in progress due to various urban problems. A smart city converges the city's ICT, connects all the city's components with a network, collects and delivers data, and consists of a supply chain composed of various IoT products and services. The increase in various cyber security threats and supply chain threats in smart cities is inevitable, in addition to establishing a framework such as supply chain security policy, authentication of each data provider and service according to data linkage and appropriate access control are required in a Zero-Trust point of view. To this end, a smart city security model has been developed for smart city security threats in Korea, but security requirements related to supply chain security and zero trust are insufficient. This paper examines overseas smart city security trends, presents international standard security requirements related to ISMS-P and supply chain security, as well as security requirements for applying zero trust related technologies to domestic smart city security models.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.133-133
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• 1995

A comparative study on the chemical compositions of precipitations from February 1993 to April 1993 in Sungnam city of Kyunggi province, Inchon city, Kangneung city of Kangwon province, and Chongwon-gun of Chungbuk province has been performed. The metal cation and anion concentrations were measured by atomic absorption spectrometer and ion liquid chromatography, respectively. pH/Ion meter and direct nesslerization method were used for the concentration measurements of $H^+$ and $NH^{4+}$ ions, respectively. The quantitative orders of the cation and anion average concentrations, correlation coefficients between the ion concentrations, and pH values are used for chemical analysis on the environmental pollution and pollutant sources in the urban, surburban, seaside, and rural areas of the Korean Peninsula.

• Journal of environmental and Sanitary engineering
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.31-38
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• 2008

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of environmental factor such as temperature, salinity, turbidity, pH and dissolved oxygen on the growth of Vibrio spp.. In this survey, total 56 seawater samples were obtained from 8 different sites of the Incheon coastal area during the periods from april 2008 to october 2008. Enumeration of Vibrio spp. was determined by using the most probable number(MPN) procedure. Isolation rates of V. parahaemolyticus, V. vulnificus, V. cholerae in all samples tested were 44.0%, 21.4% and 13.1%, respectively. The enumeration of Vibrio spp. was very low correlated with water temperature and pH and negatively correlated with salinity, dissolved oxygen and turbidity. We found salinity to be the parameter most highly correlated with the enumeration of Vibrio spp. The highest rate of antibiotic resistance of V.vulnificus and V.parahaemolyticus was Cefazolin(11.5%), Ampicillin(70.8%), respectively.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.147-152
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• 2016

Purpose: This study was designed to be used as the basic visual function data after analyzing and investigating the refractive errors variation between city and rural elementary school children. Methods: To compare with city and rural areas, 2501 elementary school children who lived in Mokpo, Yeongam, Muan, Hampyeong were participated. Objective refraction, Subjective refraction and binocular function examinations were measured. Results: Mean of refractive error of rural areas was -1.47 D in 2012 years, -1.52 D in 2013 years, and -1.40 D in 2014 years. However average of refractive error was -1.65 D in 2012 years, -1.76 D in 2013 years and -1.75 D in 2014 years who lives in city areas. Average myopia was showed higher who lives in rural areas elementary school children than city areas elementary school children. There were significant differences between rural areas and city areas elementary school children (p = 0.03), but there were no significant differences by averagre hyperopia (p = 0.32). Average myopia was showed the tendency of increase as the students get older by analysis compare with rural and city areas elementary school children. It also showed high prevalence of myopia who lives in city areas elementary school children compare with lives in rural areas elementary school children. Conclusions: It is the very important to performed regular visual acuity test and correction during the largest refractive change period and it is necessary to have experts in the visual acuity test.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.287-297
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• 2003

To investigate water quality and pollution states of rivers in Gwangju city, total of 30 water samples were taken from the main stream of Yeongsan river, Hwangryong river and Gwangju stream in dry and flood seasons. Physico-chemical characteristics of above streams according to pH-Eh and Piper's diagrams we, typically, assigned to natural river water. In the streams, BOD, COD, T-N and T-P indicating water quality mostly increase toward downstream. Notably, water qualities in area near connection between the Gwangju stream and the main stream of Yeongsan river are polluted over V level in rivers and lakes water quality standard. The pollutions are influenced by lift and agricultural foul waters from Gwangju City and farming areas around upstream branches of the Yeongsan river, reasonably. Besides, heavy metals are below the standard in those streams. So, it is considered that the streams are polluted by not industrial but life/agricultural foul waters.