• 월간산업보건
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• s.268
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• pp.43-45
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• 2010

• Proceedings of the KSRS Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.900-900
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• 2003

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.13
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• pp.5285-5288
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• 2015

Background: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection has been reported to be associated with inferior prognosis in hepatocellular and pancreatic carcinoma cases, but has not been studied with respect to non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The purpose of this study was to investigate the prognostic significance of HBV infection in advanced NSCLC patients. Materials and Methods: A retrospective cohort of 445 advanced NSCLC patients was recruited at our hospital from January 1, 2003 until August 30, 2014. Serum HBV markers were tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. COX proportional hazards analysis was used to evaluate associations of HBV infection with overall survival (OS). Results: Of 445 patients who were qualified for the study, 68 patients were positive for HBsAg, also considered as HBV infection. Patients in HBsAg negative group were found to have better OS (12.6 months [12.2-12.9]) than those in HBsAg positive group (11.30 months [10.8-11.9]; p=0.001). Furthermore, COX multivariate analysis identified HBV infection as an independent prognostic factor for OS (HR 0.740 [0.560, 0.978], p=0.034). Conclusions: Our study found that HBsAg-positive status was an independent prognostic factor for OS in patients with advanced NSCLC. Future prospective studies are required to confirm our findings.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.127-131
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• 2004

Soft shores are particularly vulnerable to human exploitation; however, they exhibit a variety of habitats which provide refuge for a diversity of flora and fauna. This study describes a survey of 13 soft shores in Hong Kong with information on species diversity, sediment characteristics, shore extent, pollution threat, degree of naturalness, linkage with other ecological habitats, and degree of social/economic importance. Data collected were subjected to multivariate statistical analyses, so as to identify shores that have significant ecological status and conservation value for management purposes.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.61-65
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• 2004

To elucidate the trophic relationships within a subtropical wetland, the profile of fatty acids in producers, consumers and sediments of the mangrove forest and intertidal mudflat was studied. Results indicated a close relationship in fatty acid profiles between the mangrove plants Aegiceras corniculatum and Avicennia marina and the sesarmid crab Sesarma bidens, and between the fiddler crab Uca arcuata and diatoms. The fatty acid profile of the mudskippers Boleophthalmus pectinirostris and Periophthalmus cantonensis, however, showed a mixed diet of diatoms, macroalgae, protozoa and crabs. Seasonal changes in fatty acid profiles in mangrove plants, sediments and sesarmid crabs were noted. The implication of using fatty acids as tracer of trophic relationships was discussed.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of IIIuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers Conference
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• 1999.11a
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• pp.40-45
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• 1999

The effect of the addition of helium, neon, argon and xenon on the production of negative hydrogen ions has been studied in a magnetically confined dc filament discharge. The addition of helium and neon produced effects similar to an equivalent increase in hydrogen pressure. However, the addition of argon and low fractions of xenon produced significant increases in the negative ion density for hydrogen at pressures around 1 mTorr. The addition of argon and xenon, by increasing electron density and decreasing electron temperature, achieved conditions closer to optimum for negative ion production. The largest enhancement of negative hydrogen ion density occurred with the addition of argon; it is suggested that this is due to a resonant energy exchange between excited argon atoms and hydrogen molecules.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.5 no.5
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• pp.620-624
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• 1995

To study the acid and base properties of chemical-treated natural zeolite, FT-IR analysis was performed by the adsorption of pyridne and pyrrole and thermo-gravimetric analysis was done by the adsorption of NH$_{3}$. These solid catalysts have two acid sites, which are related to the Bronsted and Lewis acid sites, respectively. HIC-treatment led to the increased acidity and the maintained basicity.Acidity of NaHO-treatment samples also increased with thr NaOH-treatment but basicity decreased. The p-xylene selectivity on the chemical-treatment zelite was higher than that on the untreated zeolite.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.21 no.7
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• pp.1-7
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• 2021

An amazing growth in the field of Internet of Things (IoT) and Blockchain based smart cities from both industry and academia has been witnessed in the recent years. There are many smart applications such as intelligent transportation, smart banking, improving the life style of citizen, energy consumption and managing the waste in the city, handling home needs are supporting the Smart city concept. These applications are profoundly supported by the advanced technologies like Blockchain as well as IoT in the recent past. Smart cities can be supported by the Blockchain core concepts such as secure, transparent, decentralized and immutable nature. Still, Blockchain and IoT technologies implementation in smart cities are in their early stages and significant research efforts are desirable to integrate them. This review article explores the roles and responsibilities of Blockchain and IoT in building smart cities.

• Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.35-43
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to identify the stressors and coping behaviors among the 5th 6th graders at Gwangju city. The subjects were 352 elementary school students and the data were collected by self-reported questionnaire from June 19 to July 21, 2003. Study instrument to investigate stressors was developed 40-items summated scale (${\alpha}$ = .87) with four subcategories: 8-items individualistic (${\alpha}$ = .72), ll-items family life-related (${\alpha}$= .70), 14-items school life-related (${\alpha}$= .76) and 7 socio-environmental (${\alpha}$= .63) factors. And the instrument to examine stress coping behaviors was also developed 30-items summated scale (${\alpha}$= .82) with three subcategories: 10-items active (${\alpha}$= .72), 10-passive (${\alpha}$= .75), and 10-mystic (${\alpha}$ = .70) coping behaviors. The data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-test and ANOVA using SPSS/PC+ program. The results were summarized as follows: Mean score of stressors was $66.6{\pm}14.45$ out of 160. There were no significant differences in total scores of stressors in terms of gender, grade, number of siblings and the school location The score of individualistic stressors, on the other hand, was tended to be significant higher in the 6th graders (t = -2.155, p = .032) and the school children in Gwangsangu district where has mixed rural and urban characteristics (F = 2.400, p = .049). Mean score of stress coping behaviors was $61.3{\pm}12.24$ out of 120. It was significantly different in terms of number of siblings (t = 2.108, p = .036) and the school location (F = 4.928, p = .001). In several subcategories, the mean scores of active coping behaviors were significantly higher in the only children group (t = -2.127, p = .034) and Donggu district where traditional downtown area (F = 2.410, p = .050). and passive (F = 4.013, p = .003) and mystic coping (F = 2.720, p= .030) were also significantly higher in the same district. In conclusion, the score of stressors of children in Gwangju city showed relatively low as that of other areas, and the children utilized active coping behaviors more frequently in various stressful situations.

• Bulletin of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.359-370
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• 1997

In this paper we get the Morava K-theory of the double loop spaces of quarternionic Stiefel manifolds for an odd prime p by computing the Atiyah - Hirzebruch spectral sequence. We also get the homology with Z/(p) coefficients and analyze p torsion in the homology with Z coefficients.