• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.32 no.11
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• pp.983-988
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• 2015

This paper details a new ultra-precise turning method for increasing surface quality, "Multi Point B Axis Control Method." Machined surface error is minimized by the compensation machining process, but the process leaves residual chip marks and surface roughness. This phenomenon is unavoidable in the diamond turning process using existing machining methods. However, Multi Point B axis control uses a small angle (< $1^{\circ}$) for the unused diamond edge for generation of ultra-fine surfaces; no machining chipping occurs. It is achieved by compensated surface profiling via alignment of the tool radial center on the center of the B axis rotation table. Experimental results show that a diamond turned surface using the Multi Point B axis control method achieved P-V $0.1{\mu}m$ and Ra 1.1nm and these ultra-fine surface qualities are reproducible.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.685-692
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• 2010

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to investigate effects of repetitive hand task on upper extremity proprioception and dexterity. Methods : Experimental group who had done hand task since last 1 year and young adult control group was recruited this study. Proprioception was measured positioning errors of elbow and wrist on three dimensional coordinate system by Winarm software(Zebris Medcal GmbH, Germany). And dexterity was measured by box and block test. Statistical analysis was used independent t -test. Results : When elbow moved from flexion to extension, there were significant difference on error of x axis in wrist location and erros of x, z axis in shoulder location(p<.05). When wrist moved from flexion to extension, there was significant difference on y axis in finger location error(p<.05). And there significant difference on dexterity(p<.05). Conclusion : In conclusion, repetitive hand task increase upper extremity proprioception and dexterity. The physical therapy in industrial workers should inhibit overuse injury.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.321-327
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• 2021

Wrist PA-grip view is used to diagnose triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC) tear because it can easily diagnose damage to the surrounding wrist ligaments. However, despite advances in radiology equipment, distortion of images due to geometric elements still has many limitations. In this paper, we propose a method that can minimize the distortions of images by analyzing the distortions occurring in the wrist PA-grip view. A source of image distance (SID) were set at 130 cm and 150 cm for comparison with 110 cm. Depending on the SID, the phantom of wrist was moved at 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 cm in the X-axis and Y-axis directions, respectively. For quantitative evaluation, the difference of distance between the radius and ulna was measured in picture archiving and communication system (PACS) system. As a qualitative evaluation, survey was conducted among 20 radiologic technologists who examined the Wrist PA-grip view. The Kruskal Wallis test was performed to compare the distortion according to the phantom movement in the X-axis and Y-axis directions based on the SID, and the Tukey test was performed as a post-test. In the quantitative evaluation results, the measured values obtained in the X-axis was not significantly different in all groups (p>0.05). The measured values obtained in the Y-axis was significantly different in the most groups (p<0.05). Therefore, to reduce distortion while maintaining image quality, we recommend what examine the SID at 150 cm than 110 cm.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.4-13
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• 2017

The seeds of addiction are typically sown years prior to the onset of addictive substance use or engagement in addictive behaviors, due to the priming of the reward pathway (RewP) by alterations in the mechanism of stress-signaling from the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA) and related pathways. Excessive stress from a single-event and/or cumulative life experiences during childhood, such as those documented in the Adverse Childhood Experiences Study, is translated into neurobiological toxicity that alters the set-point of the HPA axis and limbic system homeostasis [suggested new term: regulation pathway (RegP)]. The resultant alteration of the RegP not only increases the risk for psychiatric and physical illness, but also that for early onset and chronic addictions by dysregulating the RewP. This paper reviews the interface of these symbiotic pathways that result in the phenotypic pathology of emotional dysregulation, cognitive impairment, and compulsive behaviors, as well as morbidity and shorter life expectancy when dysregulated by chronic stress.

• ALGAE
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.87-93
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• 2007

Three ecotypes of the freshwater red alga Compsopogon coeruleus (Balbis) Montagne were recorded from different freshwater and brackish water habitats of Orissa state in the east coast of India. These three had persistent differences in their branching pattern, e.g. (i) acute angle between main axis and lateral branch, (ii) equal or near to right angle between main axis and lateral branch, and (iii) short spine-like outgrowth instead of a branch in older filaments, besides having differences in the length, breadth and thickness of cortex of the thallus. Morphological observation of these taxa, and the ecological characteristics of the habitat of their occurrence is presented.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.337-353
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• 2018

In previous weak-axis moment connection tests, brittle fracture always initiated near the edge of the beam flange groove weld due to force flow towards the stiffer column flanges, which is the opposite pattern as strong-axis moment connections. As part of the China NSFC (51278061) study, this paper tested two full-scale novel weak-axis reduced beam section moment connections, including one exterior frame connection specimen SJ-1 under beam end monotonic loading and one interior frame joint specimen SJ-2 under column top cyclic loading. Test results showed that these two specimens were able to satisfy the demands of FEMA-267 (1995) or ANSI/AISC 341-10 (2010) without experiencing brittle fracture. A parametric analysis using the finite element software ABAQUS was carried out to better understand the cyclic performance of the novel weak-axis reduced beam section moment connections, and the influence of the distance between skin plate and reduced beam section, a, the length of the reduced beam section, b, and the cutting depth of the reduced beam section, c, on the cyclic performance was analyzed. It was found that increasing three parametric values reasonably is beneficial to forming beam plastic hinges, and increasing the parameter a is conducive to reducing stress concentration of beam flange groove welds while increasing the parameters b and c can only reduce the peak stress of beam flange groove welds. The rules recommended by FEMA350 (2000) are suitable for designing the proposed weak-axis RBS moment connection, and a proven calculation formulation is given to determine the thickness of skin plate, the key components in the proposed weak-axis connections. Based on the experimental and numerical results, a design procedure for the proposed weak-axis RBS moment connections was developed.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.11 no.10
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• pp.3789-3793
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• 2010

To investigate accuracy of graduated scale of schematic retinoscope training eye(schematic eye) and induced effect when measured at off-axis from visual axis. Two skilled retinoscopist measured refractive power using retinoscope in random order. Seven schematic eyes from a single manufacturer were recruited and set to mark +4.00 to -6 diopter(+4, +3, +2, +1, 0, -1, -2, -3, -4, -5, -6). After introducing +2.00 diopter trial lens(50cm working lens), neutral distance was measured at 180 degree to estimate accuracy of scale, and refractive power measured at 0, 5, 10, 15 and 20 degree off-axis to see if any error was induced. According to the results measured by two specialists, in six of seven schematic eye, scale setting varied (p<0.05) and measured refractive power at 5, 10, 15 and 20 degree off-axis from visual axis were $-0.13{\pm}0.06$, $-0.29{\pm}0.06$, $-0.58{\pm}0.11$, and $-0.83{\pm}0.16$ diopter respectively. In some schematic eye, scale graduated on the schematic eye and scale measured by retinoscopy could be different and if retinoscopy is performed off-axis from visual axis, any measuring error can be caused.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1996.10b
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• pp.1316-1319
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• 1996

This paper proposes the algorithm for the correction of a position and orientation of small object such as chip in the precise construction process. In the past, it is general to correct position and orientation of object using human sight and simple vision sensors. But recently, researches using image processing devices have been studied to improve the corrective precision of a position and orientation of object. In this piper, maximum-axis moment and p-theta algorithm are used to correct the position and orientation. Algorithm of maximum-axis moment is widely applied to hetero-object except being applied to a perfect rectangle. This is reason that moments of the X and Y-axis are equal. Therefore, being the shape of a perfect rectangle, the object is applied to other algorithm. In the light of time problem, real-time control is as important as correction of object. To solve it, we use the DSP(Digital Signal Processing) which is far more fast than PC.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.41-50
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• 1999

This study aims at detecting the three dimensional gripping points for the transplanting robot system to grip in the process of developing transplanting robot system, which is one of the automation systems for transplanting tissue culture. The stereo vision system equipped with two cameras has been used to detect the gripping points of the plant stem. The method for matching the plants of the image information which came from two cameras was to measure the total numbers of pixels, leaves, and the heights of the plants. The gripping points were detected near the roots after extracting the stem parts by the standard deviation of the X axis according to the Y axis. The performance test of the developed program showed that the detecting errors of the gripping points were 0∼1mm for X axis and 1∼2mm for Y & Z axis. The mean running time of the program was about 3 seconds.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.129-134
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• 1984

Change of protein component in soybean sprout grown at four temperatures was investigated by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Main bands were identified using purified seed globulins. Electrophoretogram showed 5 main bands (a. b, c, d, and p) and 10 minor bands in seed and maximum number (19) of bands (8 main band including 0 and 11 minor) at 4th day after germination in cotyledon. All bands appeared in axis protein but resolution was poor. In cotyledon, a component (most rapidly) and b+c+d component decreased while o+p component and other minor components were increased at 6th day and decreased thereafter. In axis all components increased rapidly, especially in minor components and b+c+d component. High growing temperature accelerated decrease in cotyledon and increase in axis of protein, especially for 11S. The a component was identified as 7S, b+c+d as 11S and o+p as 2S globulin.