• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.66-72
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• 2004

In this study, the effects of oxygen component in fuel and exhaust gas recirculation(EGR) method on the exhaust emissions has been investigated for a D.I. diesel engine. It was tested to estimate change of exhaust emission characteristics for the commercial diesel fuel and oxygenate blended fuel which has five kinds of blending ratio. Dimethoxy methane(DMM) contains oxygen component 42.5% in itself, and it is a kind of effective oxygenated fuel for reduction of smoke emission. It was affirmed that smoke emission was decreased with increasing of DMM blending ratio. But, NOx emission was increased compared with commercial diesel fuel. It was needed a NOx reduction counterplan that EGR method was used as a countermeasure for NOx reduction. It was found that simultaneous reduction of smoke and NOx emission was achieved with DMM blended fuel and cooled EGR method(1015%).

• Journal of Power System Engineering
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.27-35
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• 2002

In this paper, the effect of oxygen component in fuel on the exhaust emissions has been investigated for direct injection diesel engine. It is tested to estimate change of engine performance and exhaust emission characteristics for the commercial diesel fuel and oxygenate blended fuel which has four kinds of mixed ratio. And, the effects of exhaust gas recirculation(EGR) on the characteristics of NOx emission and brake specific fuel consumption rate have been investigated. Dimethyl carbonate(DMC) contains oxygen component 53.3% in itself, and it is a kind of effective oxygenated fuel of carbonate group that the smoke emission of DMC is reduced remarkably in comparison with commercial diesel fuel, that is, it can supply oxygen component sufficiently at higher loads and speeds in diesel engine. It was found that simultaneous reduction of smoke and NOx was achieved with oxygenated fuel and EGR method.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.55 no.5
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• pp.668-678
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• 2017

Intermolecular interactions were studied for binary mixtures of 2-propanol + cyclohexane, n-hexane, benzene, toluene, o-, m- and p-xylenes by measuring ultrasonic speeds (u) over the entire range of composition at 298.15 K and 308.15 K. From these results the deviation in ultrasonic speed was calculated. These results were fitted to the Redlich-Kister equation to derive the binary coefficients along with standard deviations between the experimental and calculated data. Acoustic parameters such as excess isentropic compressibility ($K_s^E$), intermolecular free length ($L_f$) and available volume ($V_a$) were also derived from ultrasonic speed data and Jacobson's free length theory. The ultrasonic speed data were correlated by Nomoto's relation, Van Dael's mixing relation, impedance dependence relation, and Schaaff's collision factor theory. Van Dael's relation gives the best prediction of u in the binary mixtures containing aliphatic hydrocarbons. The ultrasonic speed data and isentropic compressibility were further analyzed in terms of Jacobson's free length theory.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.43-48
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• 2008

The exhaust emissions of diesel engine are recognized as a major cause influencing environment strongly. In this study, the possibility of biodiesel fuel and oxygenated fuel(dimethoxy methane; DMM) was investigated as an alternative fuel for a naturally aspirated direct injection diesel engine. The smoke emission of blending fuel(biodiesel fuel 90vol-%+DMM 10vol-%) was reduced approximately 70% at 2500rpm, full load, in comparison with the diesel fuel. But, power, torque and brake specific energy consumption showed no significant differences. But, NOx emission of biodiesel fuel and DMM blended fuel increased compared with commercial diesel fuel due to the oxygen component in the fuel. It was needed a NOx reduction counterplan that EGR method was used as a countermeasure for NOx reduction. It was found that simultaneous reduction of smoke and NOx emission was achieved with BDF(95 vol-%) and DMM(5 vol-%) blended fuel and cooled EGR method(15%).

• Journal of ILASS-Korea
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.38-44
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• 2001

The effect of four diesel fuels with oxygenated agents fuels on spray properties from plain-orifice atomizer was investigated. The oxygenates evaluated were diglyme, MTBE, DEE and DMM and were blended in weights of 5, 10, 15, 20 and 30% in a baseline diesel fuel. The physical properties such as surface tension, density and viscosity are also measured for each blended oxygenated fuels. It was found that changes in physical properties of fuels considered are enough to influence spray properties, i.e. spray angle, spray tip penetration and mean drop size. Spray properties were measured by PMAS(particle motion analysis system) which is employing a point measurement technology. Spray angle increased with increase in oxygenate content. The effect, however, was not great in the higher blend level. The oxygenated fuels produced more shorter spray tip penetration than diesel fuels. SMD was decreased with the increase in blending percent. SMD for DMM and DEE are represented 10.33 and 3.41% decreasing rates respectively. It was found that changes in spray characteristics of oxygenated fuel were easily large enough to impact pollutant emissions. It was clear from this study that spray characteristics of oxygenated fuel is one of possible cause of reducing pollutant emissions. It was clear from this study that spray characteristics of oxygenated fuel is one of possible cause of reducing pollutant emissions from diesel engines when oxygenated fuels is applied.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.30 no.4 s.247
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• pp.358-363
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• 2006

In this study, the effects of oxygenated fuel such as ethylene glycol mono-normal butyl ether(EGBE) was investigated both DI and IDI diesel engine. Because EGBE includes oxygen content approximately 27.1 %, it is a kind of oxygenated fuel that the smoke emission of EGBE blending fuel is reduced remarkably compared with commercial diesel fuel. The focus of this study was to investigate the effects of the addition of oxygenated fuel to diesel fuel on the engine-out emissions and the performance. Smoke emissions of all EGBE blends were reduced substantially in comparison with conventional diesel fuel. This study showed that remarkable reduction of smoke with oxygenate blending fuels in diesel engines including DI and IDI combustion method. Besides, this study showed that simultaneous reduction of smoke and NOx emissions could be achieved by oxygenated fuel and EGR method that was applied to decrease NOx emissions increasing with smoke emissions reduction.

• Journal of Soil and Groundwater Environment
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.88-94
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• 2016

The simultaneous biodegradation between MTBE (Gasoline additives) and BTEX (Benzene, Toluene, Ethyl-benzene, o-Xylene, m-Xylene, p-Xylene) was achieved within a competitive inter-relationship, with not only electron accepters such as nitrate, sulfate, and iron(III) without oxygen, but also with electron donors such as MTBE and BTEX. Preexisting indigenous microorganisms from a domestic sample of gasoline contaminated soil was used for a lab-scale batch test. The result of the test showed that the biodegradation rate of MTBE decreased when there was co-existing MTBE and BTEX, compared to having just MTBE present. The growth of indigenous microorganisms was not affected in the case of the MTBE treatment, whereas the growth of the microorganisms was decreased in combined MTBE and BTEX sample. This may indicate that an inhibitor related to biodegradation when BTEX and MTBE are mixed will be found. This inhibitor may be found to retard the anaerobic conditions needed for efficient breakdown of these complex carbon chain molecules in-situ. Moreover, it is also possible that an unknown competitive reaction is being imposed on the interactions between MTBE and BTEX dependent on conditions, ratios of mixture, etc.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.448-453
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• 2003

In this study, the effects of oxygen component in fuel and exhaust gas recirculation(EGR) method on the exhaust emissions has been investigated for a D.I. diesel engine. It was tested to estimate change of exhaust emission characteristics for the commercial diesel fuel and oxygenate blended fuel which has five kinds of blending ratio. Dimethoxy methane(DMM) contains oxygen component 42.5% in itself. and it is a kind of effective oxygenated fuel for reduction of smoke emission. It was affirmed that smoke emission was decreased with increasing of DMM blending ratio. But, NOx emission was increased compared with commercial diesel fuel. It was needed a NOx reduction countermeasure that EGR method was used as a countermeasure for NOx reduction. It was found that simultaneous reduction of smoke and NOx emission was achieved with DMM blended fuel and cooled EGR method($10{\sim}15%$).

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.355-362
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• 2009

Fuels based on petroleum will eventually run out in the near future. DME (Di-methyl Ether) is a clean energy source that can be manufactured from various raw materials such as natural gas, coal as well as biomass. As DME has no carbon-carbon bond in its molecular structure and is an oxygenate fuel, its combustion essentially generates no soot as well as no SOx. Because the physical properties of DME are similar to those of LPG, the LPG distribution infrastructure can be converted to use with DME. DME has such high cetane number of 55~60 that it can be used as a diesel engine fuel. Practical use of DME as a next-generation clean fuel or next-generation chemical feedstock is advancing in the fields of power generation, diesel engines, household use, and fuel cells, among others. The purpose of this paper is review the characteristics, standardization, status of research and development in domestic and foreign countries of DME.

• Journal of Soil and Groundwater Environment
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.73-85
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• 2007

In this study, the experiment of solid-phase microextraction (SPME) technique using GC/FID was conducted as a possible alternative to liquid-liquid extraction for the analysis of EGBE, DGBE, DBM and TGME in water, and also, an optimization condition of trace analysis for disel oxygenates including EGBE by the design of experiment (DOE) was described. Experiments used a fractional factorial design method followed by central composite design allowing optimization of a number of factors as well as statistical analysis of the results. The response surface analysis showed that the extraction efficiency could be represented by a second-order polynomial equation in which the salts concentration, extraction temperature, extraction time and sonication time are the major influences. Using DOE method, a new datadependent method was developed to improve the quantity of confidently analyzed disel oxygenates in water samples.