• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.3-9
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• 1974

The role of added metal oxide in the adherence mechanism of low melting glass to several metal plates such as oxygen free high conducting copper, low carbon steel, chrominum galvanized on copper, and stainless steel was investigated. The metal oxide which added to glass were cupric oxide, ferric oxide, chromic oxide, and stainless steel oxide. The glass to that various metla oxide were added, sealed with several metal plates in the electric furnace at $650^{\circ}C$ for 5 minutes. The results as follows; 1) The interfacial reaction was promoted and strong chemical bonding with glass and metals by which the surface energy was decreased showed excellent sealing by addition of metal oxide. 2) When the interfacial reaction of glass and metals was promoted by addition of metal oxide found out that various adhernece mechanism were related to the sealing. 3) When the amount of metal oxide addition was 3-5% the excellent sealing was achieved.

• 대한용접접합학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한용접접합학회 2002년도 Proceedings of the International Welding/Joining Conference-Korea
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• pp.65-69
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• 2002

An Al film deposited on the Kovar alloy substrate was anodically-bonded to the borosilicate glass, and the bond interfaces was closely investigated by transmission electron microscopy. Al oxide was found to form a layer ~l0 nm thick at the bond interface, and fibrous structure of the same oxide was found to grow epitaxially in the glass from the oxide layer. The fibrous structure grew with the bonding time. The mechanism of the formation of this fibrous structure is proposed on the basis of the migration of Al ions under the electric field. Penetration of Al into glass beyond the interfacial Al oxide was not detected. The comparison of the amount of excess oxygen ions generated in the alkali depletion layer with that incorporated in the Al oxide suggests that the growth of the alkali-ion depletion layer is controlled by the consumption of excess oxygen to form the interfacial Al oxide.

• 자원리싸이클링
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• 제28권6호
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• pp.54-63
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• 2019

본 연구에서는 폐유리를 골재로 재활용하고자 폐유리와 산화 그래핀을 사용한 시멘트 모르타르의 압축강도 및 길이 변화율 등을 검토하였다. 3일 및 7일 압축강도는 일반 모래 대체용 폐유리 사용량이 증가할수록 상승하였다. 특히, 폐유리 사용량이 10~50% 범위일 경우, 압축강도는 큰 폭으로 상승하는 경향을 나타내었다. 더불어 폐유리 50% 조건에서도 산화 그래핀의 첨가량이 증가됨에 따라 압축강도가 상승하였으며, 0.2%를 첨가하였을 때, 압축강도는 42.6 N/㎟ 이었다. 폐유리의 사용량이 증가됨에 따라 모르타르의 길이 변화율은 증가하였으나, 50% 이상에서는 길이변화율이 감소하는 경향도 나타내었다. 폐유리 사용량 50% 모르타르에서는 산화 그래핀 첨가량이 증가할수록 길이 변화율이 감소하는 경향을 나타내었으며, 이는 산화 그래핀의 시멘트 수화반응 촉진작용과 이온이동 억제효과로 추정되었다.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.118-125
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• 1991

Eighty - eight recently extracted teeth were used to evaluate the leakage characteristics of the following retrofilling materials; amalgam, zinc oxide eugenol cement, glass - ionomer cement, and cermet glass - ionomer cement. Root canals were prepared with step - back method and obturated with gutta percha and zinc oxide eugenol sealer. Root apex were resected 2 mm from apex and class I cavities were prepared with 2 mm or 4 mm depth. The cavities were filled with above materials. After application of varnish on all surface except resected surface, the roots were placed in 1 % methylene blue solution for 6 days. After longitudinal polishing to expose cental parts of filled materials, penetrated depths of dye were measured. The results were as follws. 1. As retrofilling material, glass ionomer cement filling groups showed less leakage than the other groups except zinc oxide eugenol cement filling group(p<0.01). 2. Amalgam filling groups had greater leakage than zinc oxide eugenol cement filling group(p<0.01). 3. 4 mm depth of retrofilled cavity had no effect on leakage characteristics compared with 2 mm depth cavity(p>0.05). 4. Glass ionomer cement and cermet glass ionomer cement filling groups showed less apical leakage than amalgam filling groups. But there was no statistical significance(p>0.05). 5. There was no difference in apical leakage between glass ionomer cement filling groups and cermet glass ionomer cement filling groups(p>0.05).

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제33권10호
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• pp.414-421
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• 2023

Infrared radiation (IR) refers to the region of the electromagnetic radiation spectrum where wavelengths range from about 700 nm to 1 mm. Any object with a temperature above absolute zero (0 K) radiates in the infrared region, and a material that transmits radiant energy in the range of 0.74 to 1.4 um is referred to as a near-infrared optical material. Germanate-based glass is attracting attention as a glass material for infrared optical lenses because of its simple manufacturing process. With the recent development of the glass molding press (GMP) process, thermal imaging cameras using oxide-based infrared lenses can be easily mass-produced, expanding their uses. To improve the mechanical and optical properties of commercial materials consisting of ternary systems, germanate-based heavy metal oxide glasses were prepared using a melt-cooling method. The fabricated samples were evaluated for thermal, structural, and optical properties using DSC, XRD, and XRF, respectively. To derive a composition with high glass stability for lens applications, ZnO and Sb₂O₃ were substituted at 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4 mol%. The glass with 1 mol% added Sb₂O₃ was confirmed to have the optimal conditions, with an optical transmittance of 80 % or more, a glass transition temperature of 660 ℃, a refractive index of 1.810, and a Vickers hardness of 558. The possibility of its application as an alternative infrared lens material to existing commercial materials capable of GMP processing was confirmed.

• 한국결정성장학회지
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.154-159
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• 2019

용융 온도를 낮추고 균질화에 영향을 줄 수 있는 yttrium oxide(산화 이트륨)과 iron oxide(산화철)를 사용하여 $LI_2O-Al_2O_3-SiO_2$ 계 결정화 유리를 제조하였다. 조핵제는 Zirconium sulfate(황산지르코늄)을 사용했고, 유리 점도를 낮추기 위해 calcium phosphate(인산칼슘)을 사용해 유리 유동성을 원활하게 하였다. 결정화 유리는 열충격 $750^{\circ}C$ 이상을 만족했고, $800^{\circ}C$ 이상에서 열팽창계수가 급격하게 상승하는 온도를 약 $30^{\circ}C$ 이상 시프트 하였다. 따라서 yttrium oxide와 iron oxide 포함하는 LAS 계 유리는 고온에서 양호한 용융 상태와 우수한 열팽창 저항성을 확인하였고 특수 주방용 재료 분야에 충분히 활용이 가능하리라 판단되었다.

• The Korean Journal of Ceramics
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.336-340
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• 1999

Glasses in the system $CaO-TiO_2-SiO_2-Al_2O_3-ZrO_2-B_2O_3$ were investigated to find the glass seal compositions suitable for use in the planar solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC). Glass-ceramics prepared from the glasses by one-stage heat treatment at $1,000^{\circ}C$ showed various thermal expansion coefficients (i,e., $8.6\times10^{-6^{\circ}}C^{-1}$ to $42.7\times10^{-6^{\circ}}C^{-1}$ in the range 25-$1,000^{\circ}C$) due to the viscoelastic response of glass phase. The average values of contact angles between the zirconia substrate and the glass particles heated at 1,000-$1,200^{\circ}C$ were in the range of $131^{\circ}\pm4^{\circ}$~$137^{\circ}\pm9^{\circ}$, indicating that the glass-ceramic was in partial non-wetting condition with the zirconia substrate. With increasing heat treatment time of glass samples from 0.5 to 24 h at $1,100^{\circ}C$, the DC electrical conductivity of the resultant glass-ceramics decreased from at $800^{\circ}C$. Isothermal hold of the glass sample at $1100^{\circ}C$ for 48h resulted in diffusion of Ca, Si, and Al ions from glass phase into the zirconia substrate through the glass/zirconia bonding interface. Glass phase and diffusion of the moving ion such as $Ca^{2+}$ in glass phase is responsible for the electrical conduction in the glass-ceramics.

• 한국세라믹학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국세라믹학회 1986년도 Priceedings Of The Third Korea-Japan Seminar On New Ceramics
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• pp.259-267
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• 1986

The sintering behavior of silver-oxide glass composite thick-film has been studied with varing glass content. It is shown that during heat treatment glass became liquid phase to deeply affect the microstructure development of the silver particles and to control the physical properties of the thick-films. As glass content increased, the initial repacking of silver particles took place rapidly but the homogeneities of the microstructure showed different features. When the glass content was over some range, the silver particles exuded glass to decrease net energy and glass formed liquid pools separated from the solid skeletons. Finally the relations between the microstructures and electrical properties of the thick-film were discussed.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2008년도 추계학술대회 논문집 전기설비전문위원
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• pp.235-236
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• 2008

Charging of spacecraft occurs in plasma and radiation environment. Especially, we focused on an accident caused by internal charging in a glass material that was used as the cover plate of solar panel array, and tried to measure the charge distribution in glass materials under electron beam irradiation by using a PEA (Pulsed Electro-Acoustic method) system. In the case of a quartz glass (pure $SiO_2$), no charge accumulation was observed either during or after the electron beam irradiation. On the contrary, positive charge accumulation was observed in glass samples containing metal-oxide components. It is found that the polarity of the observed charges depends on the contents of the impurities. To identify which impurity dominates the polarity of the accumulated charge, we measured charge distributions in several glass materials containing various metal-oxide components and calculated the trap energy depths from the charge decay characteristics of all glass samples.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2008년도 제39회 하계학술대회
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• pp.2305-2306
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• 2008

Charging of spacecraft occurs in plasma and radiation environment. Especially, we focused on an accident caused by internal charging in a glass material that was used as the cover plate of solar panel array, and tried to measure the charge distribution in glass materials under electron beam irradiation by using a PEA (Pulsed Electro-Acoustic method) system. In the case of a quartz glass (pure $SiO_2$), no charge accumulation was observed either during or after the electron beam irradiation. On the contrary, positive charge accumulation was observed in glass samples containing metal-oxide components. It is found that the polarity of the observed charges depends on the contents of the impurities. To identify which impurity dominates the polarity of the accumulated charge, we measured charge distributions in several glass materials containing various metal-oxide components and calculated the trap energy depths from the charge decay characteristics of all glass samples.