• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.10 no.8
• /
• pp.2055-2061
• /
• 2009

There can be some variation in the load carrying capacity of high-tension bolt friction joints when oversize bolt holes are made on the base plate and the cover plate. This study performed a static tensile test in order to examine the variation of slip load and slip coefficient according to standard bolt hole and oversize bolt hole in high-tension bolt friction joints. According to the results of the static tensile test, the slip coefficient changed to some degree according to oversize bolt holes on the base plate and the cover plate, but it was somewhat unreasonable to find a pattern in the change. Sliding strength showed a difference of up to 26% between the use of standard bolt holes and the use of oversize bolt holes. Because this exceeds the design sliding strength, however, its effect on the serviceability of joints under service load is insignificant. Thus, if the regulation on oversize bolt holes, which may be inevitable in making steel members, is applied flexibly, we may improve efficiency and economy in the design and construction of structures.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
• /
• v.54 no.6
• /
• pp.119-130
• /
• 2004

The purpose of this study was to analyze the characteristics of 1980s' oversize fashion. Especially in 1980s, there were some characteristics that the leading style did not exist as the other decades, but instead of that, various styles coexisted and the existing traditional rule of fashion was destroyed. On the basis of such background, the moulding nature resident in oversize fashion is considered and analyzed as follows. Firstly, 1980s is the time of power suit booming and through such clothes, women disclosed their consciousness that they want to be equal with men. Secondly, In contrast to that a shoulder pad was the trademark of 1980s' clothes, the social aspect that Japanese designers' clothes of layered look and them of grunge look coexisted is directly expressed through these oversize clothes. Thirdly, In 1980s of the time that people's interest to health risen, sports wear was developed to be everyday wear and furthermore, it had variously influences on high fashion so that developed to big look. Fourthly, when it comes to 1980s' clothes, the atmosphere of society denying apparent boundary between sex at that time was resident in androgynous look and the folklore image of sexless style by their appearance in oversize fashion. What is this situation that the style of the past time is popular in the 21st century even such intentional spirit of challenge already passed？ Maybe for women, the one way of expressing themselves is through their clothes, and for such reason, it can be considered that the social meaning resident in 1980s' clothes is re-examined in the present age.

• Journal of Korean Society of Steel Construction
• /
• v.20 no.6
• /
• pp.683-690
• /
• 2008

When steel fabricators erect structural members in field, temporary tightening of fastener should be useful. However, if bolt holes are not aligned by production error or natural condition, additional effort andpain should be provided to align bolt holes. It lead to longer period than times of construction (a primarily day of construction) and more cost than originally cost. This problem will be overcomed by oversize or slotted holes. Early, AISC and Eurocode have included provision for design process such oversize or slotted holes. But, domestic design method is not refered about oversize and slotted holes. Meanwhile, domestic design method and construction environment are variance with Europe and the United States of America. Therefore, a suitable design method for oversize and slotted holes in domestic real condition is needed. In this study, we evaluated behavior of the joints and decided the friction coefficient on oversize and slotted holes of friction joints with high strength bolts.

• Journal of Korean Society of Steel Construction
• /
• v.9 no.3 s.32
• /
• pp.301-307
• /
• 1997

In field fabrication of steel members, the oversize hole is frequently required due to reaming and mismatching. But, there are no provisions and investigations about oversize hole in the Korean specifications. So, in this study, the tension test of friction type high-tention bolted joints is performed with parameters of bolt hole size, surface treatment and tightening force, and investigate the effect of slip behavior with those parameters. From the results, the enough tightening force is needed to obtain some degree slip load in shot blast treatment case, although tightening force is reduced somewhat, it is no problem to guarantee slip load in zincrich primer case. The slip behavior of joints with oversize hole(26mm) is similar to the slip behavior of joints with hole of nominal size.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.10 no.10
• /
• pp.2831-2836
• /
• 2009

If a design load exceeding the frictional force of the contact surface is applied to the connection of steel members using a high-tension bolt friction joint, sliding occurs and the connection of the steel members bears the design load through the shear strength and bearing strength of the bolt and the base plate. The sliding distance can be determined by the tensile force of the bolt, the friction coefficient of the contact surface, and the position of the bolt in the base plate hole. This study measured and analyzed sliding according to standard bolt hole and oversize bolt hole when pure bending moment and tensile force were applied to high-tension bolt joints with different sizes of bolt holes made in the base plate and the cover plate. In a high-tension bolt joint receiving pure bending moment and tensile force, the load causing sliding in an oversize bolt hole was $74\sim94%$ of that in a standard bolt hole. In a member receiving tensile force, the sliding load ratio was lower when the size of oversize bolt holes in the base plate and the cover plate was large. In addition, the size of the oversize bolt hole in the base plate was more closely correlated with the change of sliding loadthan the size of the oversize bolt hole in the base plate.

• 한국도로학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 2004.10a
• /
• pp.309-314
• /
• 2004

• Journal of Korean Society of Steel Construction
• /
• v.10 no.3 s.36
• /
• pp.355-367
• /
• 1998

To evaluate the mechanical behavior and the compressive stress distribution in high tension bolted joints according to the size of bolt hole, the experimental and analytical studies are performed with enlarging bolt hole size. In experimental study, the static test is performed to measure the slip coefficient, and the fatigue test is also performed to evaluate the fatigue strength and failure pattern of fatigue crack. In analytical study, the compressive stress distribution is investigated by using the finite element analysis. From the result of experimental study, the slip coefficient and fatigue strength of the high tension bolted joints with oversize hole are not much different but somewhat it has decreased. These are because the size of bolt hole is larger than the holes of nominal size, therefore the width of clamping force is decreased and the compressive stress distribution area is smaller, this is certificated in the finite element analysis. In addition, the origin of fatigue crack in the oversize holes is closer to the hole than in the holes of nominal size, consequently it is investigated that the origin of fatigue crack is intimately associated with the compressive stress distribution which is formulated by the clamping force in both base metal and splice plate.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.13 no.9
• /
• pp.4277-4283
• /
• 2012

Slip coefficient, whose value is dependent on the condition of contact surface at the friction joint of high tension bolt, is determined by slip load. Because contact area affects slip load, contact area that varies with bolt hole size is also related to the slip coefficient. In this study, we manufactured 32 specimens and performed bending and tension tests in order to examine changes in slip coefficient and load with material type, bolt diameter, and size of bolt hole. Slip load of specimens with oversize bolt hole had strength that was more than 80% higher than the slip load of specimens with standard bolt hole, and it also exceeded the design slip strength. In addition, we observed significant correlation between net-section ratio and slip ratio of specimens with oversize and standard bolt hole. However, some differences between the specimens are thought to have been caused by reduction in initial axial force of high tension bolt, which is an important parameter of slip coefficient. It is self-evident that increased bolt hole size would lead to decrease in design strength as it reduces both slip coefficient and bolt axial force. Nevertheless, we suggest that some flexibility in regulation of bolt hole, as long as it does not threaten the structural stability, may be a positive factor in terms of workability and efficiency.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
• /
• 2009.06a
• /
• pp.382-383
• /
• 2009

This research is aimed improvement of the performance of weakly relativistic oversized BWOs. Detailed examination of field properties is required. It is necessary to examine the effect of SWS end conditions on the oversized BWO operation, which has not been reported in the previous literature.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
• /
• 1996.07a
• /
• pp.28-30
• /
• 1996

In the paper the authors deal with inverter fed induction motors design criteria for having a wide constant power range. In particular, the flux weakening operation is the main feature considered. The design target concerns the possibility of having a wide flux weakening region avoiding or limiting, at the same time, to oversize the motor and the inverter.