• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.394-401
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• 2000

멥쌀가루에 감피가루를 첨가한 감설기의 품질향상을 목적으로 관능적 품질 평가 결과를 반응표면분석법에 의한 감피가루 함량, 물의 양에 대한 최적조건을 구하였다. 본 실험에서는 감설기 제조 요소인 설탕의 경우 유의성이 인정되지 않아서 반응표면분석의 경우 감피가루 함량과 물의 양과의 관계를 구하였다. 관능적 특성별 최적조건은 조직의 부드러운 정도(consistency), 삼킨 후 느낌(after swallowing), 색(color), 씹힘성 (chewiness), 촉촉한 정도(moistness), 쫄깃한 정도(texture), 종합적인 기호도(overall guality)에 대한 감피가루 함량과 물의 양은 각각 10∼40%와 18∼50%, 10∼32%와 11∼50%, 24∼50%와 14∼39%, 10∼40%와 31∼50%, 14∼38%와 22∼47%, 10∼38%와 22∼50%, 그리고 10∼43%와 18∼50%로 나타났다. 따라서 감설기의 최적 조건은 멥쌀 가루 5009에 대하여 감피가루 125g, 설탕 50g, 물 175 ml로 나타났다.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제94권6호
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• pp.351-361
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• 2005

본 연구에서는 무등산 도립공원 내 등산로 상태에 대한 구간별 중요도-성취도 분석(IPA: Importance-Performance Analysis)결과를 비교하였다. 또한, 구간별 IPA 결과와 구간별 구분없이 각 등산로 구간에서 수집된 자료를 총괄적으로 분석하는 전반적 조사방법의 IPA 결과를 비교함으로써 IPA를 위한 전반적 조사방법의 이용타당성을 검진하였다. 데이터 수집은 2000년도 9월중 무등산 도립공원 내에 위치한 4개의 등산로구간을 대상으로 현지설문조사를 통하여 이루어졌으며, 총 258명의 조사대상자가 본 연구의 분석을 위하여 이용되었다. 중요도-성취도분석 결과, 선정된 총 26개 등산로 관리속성 중 23개 속성(88.5%)이 적어도 1개 등산로구간 이상에서 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 4개 등산로구간을 통합하여 산출한 전반적인 IPA 결과도 마찬가지로 23개 속성(88.5%)에서 각 등산로구간의 IPA 결과와 적어도 1개 등산로구간 이상에서 동일하지 않은 것으로 조사되었다. 본 연구 결과는 IPA를 활용하여 등산로 관리전략을 결정할 경우, 전 등산로를 대상으로 한 총체적 조사보다는 등사로 구간별 분할조사의 필요성을 시사하고 있다.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제53권6호
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• pp.823-833
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• 2020

The Manila clam Ruditapes philippinarum, is an important marine bivalve that is widely distributed along the west and north coasts of South Korea. It has been used in a variety of Korean foods owing to its superior umami taste. In the present study, we developed a flavoring with an excellent sensory preference from Manila clam using extrusion cooking processing. Optimization of extrusion cooking conditions was performed using response surface methodology (RSM). Barrel temperature (X1, 140-160℃) and screw speed (X2, 400-560 rpm) of the extruder were chosen as independent variables. The dependent variable was overall acceptance (Y, points). The estimated optimal conditions were as follows: overall acceptance (Y): X1=140℃ and X2=560 rpm. The indicated value of the dependent variable overall acceptance (Y) under the optimal conditions was 8.94 points, which was similar to the experimental value (8.82 points). Overall acceptance of the Manila clam flavoring was related to its umami and Manila clam tastes. The electronic nose and tongue results successfully segregated different clusters of the samples between the lowest and highest sensory scores. The sample with the highest sensory score had higher sourness, umami, and sweetness intensities, and the lowest sensory scored sample showed more off-flavor compounds.

• 동력기계공학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.93-101
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• 2017

In conventional adsorption chamber, adsorbent is embedded in between heat exchanger fins by wire mesh. This method impedes heat and mass transfer efficiency. So in this study, to improve the heat transfer performance of heat exchanger, a fin-tube exchanger was coated with FAPO (Ferroaluminophosphate) zeolite adsorbent. The fin-tube heat exchanger has a fin pitch of 1.8 mm with a variation of adsorbent coating thickness of about 0.1 mm, 0.15 mm and 0.2 mm. By varying cooling water temperature and chilled water temperature respecively, heat transfer rate and overall heat transfer coefficient were investigated. As a result, the heat transfer rate and overall heat transfer coefficient increase with decreasing cooling water temperature and increasing chilled water temperature. Under the basic conditions, the heat transfer rate of heat exchanger with 0.2 mm coating thickness is 11% and 43% higher than that of 0.1 mm and 0.15 mm, respectively. The overall heat transfer coefficient is $189.1W/m^2{\cdot}^{\circ}C$, it is two times lager than that of 0.1 mm.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.267-278
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• 2018

Purpose: This study is to investigate working conditions including job stress among visiting nurses in public health centers in Korea. Methods: An social network based mobile survey was conducted in May 2017 (N=936, response rate: 47.0%). Results: The visiting nurses in this study had their average total career as a nurse is 13.7 years. The 68.3% of them were employed in an indefinite term, 17.0% were hired in a fixed term, and 11.0% came from outsourcing. They responded as high job-stress level including inadequate compensation (71.22/100) and job demands (71.91/100). They experienced down-talk (63.4%), swearwords (32.9%), being made a dirty face (39.9%), sexual jokes (30.8%), or being likened or evaluated with their appearance sexually (14.3%). Among the causes of job related conflicts and discrimination, deprived salary level was the most frequent reason (83.4%). The conflicts and discrimination were incurred by government officers (52.4%). There were no significant differences in overall job stress, emotional labor, organizational commitment, violence, and discrimination experience based on their employment types. Conclusion: The differences in working conditions among the non-regular nurses were trivial, and their overall working conditions were poor. It is necessary to improve non-regular nurses' working conditions in order to make up the limitations of the Korean healthcare system which is centered on hospitals.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.15-19
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• 2000

Physicochemical properties of frozen immatured soybean (Miwon) under various thawing conditions were investigated. The moisture content, density and other chemical compositions were not affected by the thawing conditions. Thelightness of soybean and soybean hull decreased when thawing with 1$0^{\circ}C$ water while it increased when other thawing conditions used. Hardness and vitamin C content decreased with all thawing conditions ; especially decrease in vitamin C content was severe with microwave thawing. Lipoxygenase activity was significantly decreased when thawing with microwave and 1$0^{\circ}C$ water. It was recommended that thawing with 1$0^{\circ}C$ water was the most apropriate method in terms of overall quality.

• 한국윤활학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국윤활학회 2000년도 제31회 춘계학술대회
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• pp.106-113
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• 2000

A pump which is a fundamental device in a hydraulic system affects on overall system performance to a great deal. Such problems as leakage and solid friction loss become important in field applications, especially for the case of operation under high pressure and at high speed. So the research on this kind of subjects is necessary to improve the performance of hydraulic devices. A high pressure radial piston pump is analyzed here, which has a stationary cylinder block. It pumps hydraulic fluid by letting camring push a piston in a cylinder. Fluid leaks between the piston and cylinder so that it deteriorates the pump efficiency. Furthermore, the piston happens to touch the cylinder wall to increase the friction loss and wear. In this research, by means of FDM, volumetric, mechanical and overall efficiencies are observed by varying several design Parameters and operation conditions. Design values or their trends are presented to improve these efficiencies.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.895-904
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• 1998

This paper presents the results of experimental investigation of the buckling behavior of thin-walled box-section column. The experiments for finding the buckling stress and bifurcation slenderness ratio are performed by the method from AISC. The sets of boundary conditions are both end simply supported, one end simply supported and the other end clamped, and both ends clamped. The types of specimens are clssified by thickness to width ratio. The experiments for the thin-walled rectangular tubes are closely concurrent with the theoretical values of overall buckling load and bifurcation slenderness ratio that are suggested by the part (I) of this paper.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.190-195
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• 2007

The transesterifications of beef tallow and the mixture of beef tallow and rapeseed oil were conducted at $65^{\circ}C$ respectively using TMAH, NaOH and their mixed catalysts. The reactants were emulsified with 1vol% emulsifier and propylene glycol. The overall conversion of beef tallow was 95% at such optimum conditions as the 1:8 of molar ratio and 0.8 wt% TMAH. The overall conversion of mixed fat at the 1:8 of molar ratio and mixed catalyst of 70 wt% TMAH 30 wt% NaOH was close to 97% which appeared at 0.8 wt% TMAH in 80min. And the kinematic viscosity of biodiesel mixture using the mixed catalyst was $6.5mm^2/s$ at $40^{\circ}C$.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.259-265
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• 2000

Pump which is the fundamental device in the hydraulic system affects on overall system performance to a great deal. Such problems as leakage and solid friction loss become important in field applications, especially for the case of operation under high pressure and at high speed. So the research on this kind of subjects is necessary to improve the performance of hydraulic devices. A high pressure radial piston pump is analyzed here, which has a stationary cylinder block. It pumps hydraulic fluid by letting camring push a piston in a cylinder. Fluid leaks between the piston and cylinder so that it deteriorates the pump efficiency. Furthermore, the piston happens to touch the cylinder wall to increase the friction loss and wear. In this research, by means of FDA, volumetric, mechanical and overall efficiencies are observed by varying several design parameters and operation conditions. Design values or their trends are presented to improve these effciencies.