• Korean Journal of Animal Reproduction
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.117-122
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• 1997

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the follicular culture from which the oocytes originate on their subsequent in vitro maturation ability. Ovarian follicles were isolated and cultured according to size(1~2mm, 2~6mm and 6~8mm) for 42~44 h. The rates of germinal vesicle breakdown(GVBD) in each groups were 87%(65/75), 82%(80/97) and 89%(47/53), but the oocytes maturation were su, pp.essed at anaphase-I stage. In spite of the adding porcine follicular fluid and/or hormones in maturation medium, maturation ability of oocytes from follicle cultured for 21~22 h were inhibited. When oocytes from follicle cultured for 4 h at various temperature were incubated for 38~40 h, the rates of oocytes maturation from follicle cultured at 2$0^{\circ}C$(51%, 26/51) and 39$^{\circ}C$(54%, 26/48) were significant higher(P<0.05) than group cultured at 4$^{\circ}C$(33%, 19/58). On the other hand, the GVBD were stared 2 h after culture of follicle of oocytes. To summairze, oocytes maturation by follicular culture were inhibited at anaphase-I stage in porcine. When the follicle cultured for 4 h, maturation were completed to metaphase-II stage. However, rates of GVBD in oocytes from follicular culture were higher than oocytes cultured in medium.

• Reproductive and Developmental Biology
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.207-211
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• 2010

Current developments in IVF and animal cloning have resulted in increasing demand for large quantities of oocytes and ovarian follicles at specific stages of development. These medical and scientific needs may be met by developing an optimal culture system for preantral follicles. In this study, we investigated the growth of porcine preantral follicle cultures in different media and in the presence and absence of serum. Follicles were manually dissected from ovaries obtained from prepubertal gilts at a local slaughterhouse, and cultured for 3 days in M199 or NCSU23 medium supplemented with porcine FSH, transferrin, L-ascorbic acid and insulin. Follicle diameters were measured on day 1 and 3 of culture. In Experiment 1, the effect of supplementing culture medium with fetal calf serum (FCS) on porcine preantral follicle growth was examined. In the group of cultures supplemented with FCS, follicle diameter after 3 days of culture, survival rate and antrum formation rate in the FCS group were significantly higher than those of the control group. In Experiment 2, the effects of culture medium (M199 and NCSU23) on follicle growth were compared. Follicle diameters were increased in the M199 group, compared with those in NCSU23 (p<0.05), but we observed no significant differences in survival and antrum formation rates between cultures grown in the two media. In conclusion, supplementation of the culture medium with serum enhances preantral follicle growth and antrum formation, and M199 is superior to NUSU23 for porcine preantral follicle culture in vitro.

• Development and Reproduction
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.61-66
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• 2000

This study was investigated to analyze the inactivating point mutation and expression level of follicle-stimulating hormone(FSH) receptor mRNA. In first experiment, we analyzed the point mutation. Peripheral blood was collected from each patient. To screen individuals for the C566T mutation, PCR was performed for exon 7 of the FSH receptor gene in 10 patients. No inactivating point mutation of FSH receptor gene was identified in women with premature ovarian failure. To analyze the expression level of FSH receptor, mRNA expressions were examined by RT-PCR method using specific primers for the FSH receptor. The amount of FSH receptor mRNA expressed in POF patients was lower than that in the control group. But it was not significantly different. These finding suggests that lower expression of FSH receptor in premature ovarian failure patients might be the cause of the low response to the gonadotropin during the hyperstimulation in IVF-ET cycles.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.67-71
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• 2015

Objective: Elevated serum progesterone (P) levels on triggering day have been known to affect the pregnancy rate of in vitro fertilization (IVF). This study aimed to identify the possible factors influencing serum P levels on triggering day in stimulated IVF cycles. Methods: Three hundred and thirty consecutive fresh IVF cycles were included in the study. All cycles were first attempts and were performed in a single infertility center. The indications for IVF were male factor infertility (n=114), ovulatory infertility (n=84), endometriosis (n=61), tubal infertility (n=59), unexplained infertility (n=41), and uterine factor infertility (n=39). A luteal long protocol of a gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonist (n=184) or a GnRH antagonist protocol (n=146) was used for pituitary suppression. Ovarian sensitivity was defined as the serum estradiol level on triggering day per 500 IU of administered gonadotropins (OS[a]) or the retrieved oocyte number per 500 IU of administered gonadotropins (OS[b]). Results: Univariate analysis revealed that the serum P level on triggering day was associated with the serum estradiol level on triggering day (r=0.379, p<0.001), the number of follicles ${\geq}14mm$ (r=0.247, p<0.001), the number of retrieved oocytes (r=0.384, p<0.001), and ovarian sensitivity (OS[a]: r=0.245, p<0.001; OS[b]: r=0.170, p=0.002). The woman's age, body mass index, antral follicle count, and basal serum follicle stimulating hormone and estradiol levels were not associated with serum P level on triggering day. The serum P level on triggering day did not show significant variation depending on the type or cause of infertility, pituitary suppression protocol, or the type of gonadotropins used. Conclusion: The serum P level on triggering day was closely related to the response to ovarian stimulation.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• v.48 no.1
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• pp.69-79
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• 2021

Objective: Poor ovarian response (POR) refers to a subnormal follicular response that leads to a decrease in the quality and quantity of the eggs retrieved after ovarian stimulation during assisted reproductive treatment (ART). The present study investigated the associations of multiple variants of the estrogen receptor 2 (ESR2) and follicle-stimulating hormone receptor (FSHR) genes with POR in infertile Jordanian women undergoing ART. Methods: Four polymorphisms, namely ESR2 rs1256049, ESR2 rs4986938, FSHR rs6165, and FSHR rs6166, were investigated in 60 infertile Jordanian women undergoing ART (the case group) and 60 age-matched fertile women (the control group), with a mean age of 33.60±6.34 years. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were detected by restriction fragment length polymorphism and then validated using Sanger sequencing. Results: The p-value of the difference between the case and control groups regarding FSHR rs6166 was very close to 0.05 (p=0.054). However, no significant differences were observed between the two groups in terms of the other three SNPs, namely ESR2 rs1256049, ESR2 rs4986938, and FSHR rs6165 (p=0.561, p=0.433, and p=0.696, respectively). Conclusion: The association between FSHR rs6166 and POR was not statistically meaningful in the present study, but the near-significant result of this experiment suggests that statistical significance might be found in a future study with a larger number of patients.

• 대한생식의학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2004.11a
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• pp.56-57
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• 2004

• 대한생식의학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1999.11a
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• pp.51-52
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• 1999

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.119-128
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• 1988

It has been suggested that the presence of periovarian adhesions might impair the ovarian response to gonadotropins. Total 136 patients who underwent IVF-ET from February to June 1988(88-1 and 88-2 series) at SNUH were classified into three groups according to total ovarian access score, sum of each ovarian availability, estimated by diagnostic laparoscopy : group I(N=43,0%-50%), group II(N=49, 50%-150%) and group III(N=44, 150%-200%). To evaluate the effects of periovarian adhesions on follicular development in controlled ovarian yperstimulation for IVF-ET, serum E2 levels on the day of hCG dministration (Day 0) and the day after hCG administration (Day+1), the number of ovarian follicles with mean diameter${\geqq}$12mm on Day 0, and the number of oocytes retrieved by transvaginal aspiration were measured and compared among groups. There were no significant differences in age of patients, cancellation rate due to inadequate ovarian response, serum E2 levels, the number of ovarian follicles, the number of oocytes retrieved, and oocytes retrieval rate per follicle. In the same patients(N=31) in group II in whom the difference in ovarian availability between two ovaries is more than 50%, there was also no significant difference in the number of ovarian follicles between them. These data suggest that pelvic adhesions including periovarian adhesions have no adverse effects on the ovarian response to gonadotropins stimulation and the outcome of IVF-ET.

• Journal of Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.40-49
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• 2019

Chronic and unpredictable stress can disrupt the female reproductive system by suppression for secretion of gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) and gonadotrophin, resulted in ovarian malfunction and infertility. In the recent days, kisspeptin has been highly highlighted as a hypothalamic peptide which directly stimulates synthesis and release for GnRH. However, in spite of the key role of kisspeptin in the female reproductive system, little information is still available on the changes of its expression during ovarian cycle under stressed condition. Therefore, we induced chronic and unpredictable stress series to the female mice to analyze kisspeptin expression in the brain and ovary. Stressed mice exhibited changes of behavior and body weight gain during the stress assessment, which suggested that the present stress model in mice was successfully established. In the brain level, kisspeptin expression was attenuated than control. In the ovary level, the stressed mice displayed irregularly shrunk oocytes with broken zona pellucida throughout the follicle stages, pyknotic granulosa cells, decreased number of developing follicles and increased number of atretic follicles than the control. In case of kisspeptin expression in the whole ovary tissue, the expression level was decreased in the stressed mice. In detail, the less intensity of kisspeptin expression in the antral follicles phase was observed in the stressed mice than control mice, indicating that local function of kisspeptin during ovary cycle is highly associated with development of ovarian follicles. We expect that the present study has important implications for the fields of reproductive biology.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.215-222
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• 1991

Treatment with low-dose follicle-stimulating hormone and laparoscopic laser vaporization is associated with a high rate of ovulation in anovulatory women with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), but it is not clear which is better. We undertook a randomized controlled study to compare the effects of urinary FSH and hMG using a low dose regimen and laparoscopic laser vaporization of ovaries in sixty women with PCOS. Ovulation occured in 65% subjects and in 71.1% of cycles induced with FSH and in 70% of women and 76% of cycles of those treated with hMG and in 80% of women in laparoscopic laser vaporization of ovaries. A single dominant follicle developed in 62.2% (FSH) and 60% (hMG) of cycles, respectively. Eight singleton pregnancies occured in FSH, hMG group and 12 singleton pregnancies occured in laparoscopic laser vaporization. This study shows that selected patients with PCOS and by induced to ovulate and subsequently conceive by laparoscopically partially vaporizing their ovaries with laser energy.