• Health Policy and Management
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.254-260
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• 2014

Background: The purpose of this study is to assume appropriate outpatient consultation time for each clinical department on the basis of measured outpatient consultation time and satisfaction of outpatient. Methods: We surveyed the feeling and satisfactory outpatient consultation time, satisfaction, revisiting intention and recommendation to others to 1,105 patients of single general hospital in Gyeonggi-do and measured their real outpatient consultation time from October 28 to November 27 in 2013. On the basis of satisfaction, we estimated appropriate outpatient consultation time through area under the receiver operating characteristic curve in logistic regression model. Results: Feeling outpatient consultation time was 5.1 minutess, satisfactory outpatient consultation time which was suggested by patient was 6.3 minutes, and real outpatient consultation time was 4.2 minutes. Department which had longest real outpatient consultation time was infection (7 minutes) and department which had longest satisfactory outpatient consultation time was neurology (9.4 minutes). From the univariate and the multiple linear regression analysis, real outpatient consultation time was longer in pulmonology patient, new patient and afternoon patient, satisfactory outpatient consultation time was longer in infection, neurology, neuropsychiatry, neurosurgery, and rehabilitation patient. Appropriate real outpatient consultation time was suggested as 5.6 minutes which differentiated high and low satisfied patient group. However, we could not assume appropriate outpatient consultation time for each clinical department because the number of patient who had bad satisfaction was too low. Conclusion: To improve patient's satisfaction, we hope outpatient reservation system is operated as each patient's outpatient consultation time is at least 5.6 minutes.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.64-74
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• 2014

This study attempts to evaluate the interior space of outpatient department of general hospital in aspects of nurses. The subjects are 97 nurses who work in outpatient department of H general hospital, Busan. Evaluating items are ones related to space layout, furniture, interior climate, color and finishes of outpatient department. Also, evaluating spaces are waiting area, doctor's room, treatment room, nurse station, and resting and dressing area for nurses in outpatient department. The results are ; 1) The space layout type of outpatient area in general hospital which each department consists of waiting area, doctors offices, treatment room and etc. was evaluated positively by nurses. 2) The waiting area and doctor's room was evaluated relatively positive, the treatment room was more negatively than these two rooms. But nurse related spaces such as nurse station and resting and dressing room were evaluated relatively negative. 3) In aspects of interior elements, furniture, and color and finishes were rated to be relatively positive. However, air conditions were rated negatively. 4) The finishes and dressing area in treatment room were rated relatively low. This would be a basic data for planning the outpatient area of general hospital.

• Journal of Home Health Care Nursing
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.11-18
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• 2012

Purpose: The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficiency of the outpatient clinics in a hospital, using DEA. Methods: Data were collected using an activity-based costing system, medical information system, and annual reports of customer satisfaction management team of a general hospital in a city. The input variables were the number of doctors, the number of nurses, and the number of staffs. The output variables were the number of treatment times, the number of outpatient clinic patients, the total profits from outpatient clinic, the patient's satisfaction score, and the number of re-visit appointments. EMS Window version 3.1 was used to measure the efficiency score and benchmarking analysis. Results: The average efficiency score of 24 outpatient clinics was about 82.01%. Thirteen outpatient clinics had 100% efficiency score among them. The lowest efficiency score was 57.56%. Conclusion: According to these results, we found that, generally, outpatient clinics were operated very efficiently. However, some outpatient clinics had low efficiency and they needed specialized outcome improvement strategies. To increase the efficiency of inefficient outpatient clinics, we will recommend using results of DEA, as a benchmark point of the most efficient outpatient clinics.

• Journal of The Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.45-53
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• 2015

Purpose: This study is to derive the behavioral characteristics of the users appear in the outpatient department of psychiatry. Methods: By referencing John Zeisel's Tools for environment-behavior research, observation of user behavior and expert interviews as a method of the study has been carried out. Results: The results of this study are as follows. First, adjacent placement among children, youth and regular the outpatient department of psychiatry is necessary and easy access to internal medicine department and family medicine department is required in order to allow cooperated treatments. Secondly, depending on the characteristics of the outpatient department of psychiatry treatment, adjustment of space requirement or the change of kinds of necessary space is required. Third, considering the psychological and behavioral characteristics of mental illness and guardians, various search for the environment that can support this. Implications: This study is a basic research for space improvement and evaluation of the outpatient department of psychiatry, and need to be followed by further study using various perspectives and methods.

• Quality Improvement in Health Care
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.16-30
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• 2004

Background: Although the number of cancer patients increase, the resources for cancer management are not increased. If the outpatient chemotherapy administration room is operated, the shift of patients from inpatient 10 outpatient is occurred. So the capacities for chemotherapy increased and the shifted rooms were occupied with new non-chemotherapy patients. The income of the hospital increased. The purpose of this study was to assess usefulness and cost-effectiveness of the outpatient-chemotherapy adminstration model. Method: There are six beds, two chairs and two nurses and one personnel in the outpatient chemotherapy room. The satisfaction study by patients/family and doctors and the cost analysis over 12 months, by comparing costs of chemotherapy administration at outpatient chemotherapy room with inpatient at ward and inpatient-nonchemotherapy at ward were done. Results: The 97.1 percent of patients/family and the 94.4 percent of doctor who involved chemotherapy were satisfied with outpatient chemotherapy administration. The 91.7% of doctors said there were no differences in treatment outcome between outpatient and inpatient chemotherapy administration. The average number of patients in outpatient chemotherapy room increased from 10.7 to 15.4 but in inpatient from 19.4 to 18.3. The average number of inpatient chemotherapy were not changed related to increase of the average number of outpatient chemotherapy. The profit between outpatient chemotherapy and inpatient chemotherapy administration was 45,344,710 won and the profit between outpatient chemotherapy and non chemotherapy treatment was -185,294,614 won. Conclusion: The outpatient chemotherapy administration model is good for patients/family, doctors and hospital partially. But the hypothesis described above was not correct. The process of cancer patients treatment were from diagnosis and treatment to first administration of chemotherapy. So the shift from inpatient to outpatient was not occurred. In economic aspect, the profit between outpatient chemotherapy and non chemotherapy treatment was in the red. As the level of health care fees was so low, the hospitals hesitate operating the room of outpatient chemotherapy. It is necessary to raise the level of health case fees for outpatient chemotherapy administration.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.133-142
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• 2004

Recently, the Korean medical system changed with diversification & specialization and the field of medical service is also specialized in these days. And healing environment is proposed as a general concept in the hospital architecture. There is a trend that a establishment of women's hospital is increasing as specialized type. In difference from general hospital, they are providing specialized and integrated services in response to the women's disease and demand. Particularly, Outpatient department space in women's hospital has been changed in terms of area, shape and program. However, there used to be not enough research efforts of responding these changes. This study includes the Outpatient department of s women's hospital in the form of small and medium sized building over a certain level in Korea. And the methods of the study adopted the theoric examination based concept and features of women's hospital, the abstraction of distinctions in the Outpatient department through the analysis of the drawing, and the analysis of distinctions in the Outpatient department of women's hospital with the structural space classified and the analysis of space relation. Therefore, the purpose of this is to study investigates and analyzes the spatial characteristics of the Outpatient department space in women's hospital through a analysis of case study. To conclude, the space composition can be classified into the entry space, the clinic space for patients, the support space of patients' check-up, the reception and waiting space, the rest and convenience space, and the link space in the Outpatient department of women's hospital. The level space can account for the waiting space type, the clinic office type, the type based on the relation between the waiting room and the clinic office with its features. As a result, the results will be applied for the planning & design for the future women's hospital.

• Neurospine
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.376-382
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• 2018

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate factors associated with inpatient admission following 2-level cervical disc arthroplasty (CDA). A secondary aim was to compare outcomes between those treated on an inpatient versus outpatient basis. Methods: Using data from the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database, multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to assess the independent effect of each variable on inpatient or outpatient selection for surgery. Statistical significance was defined by p-values <0.05. The factors considered were age, sex, body mass index (BMI), smoking status, American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status classification, and comorbidities including hypertension, diabetes, history of dyspnea or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, previous cardiac intervention or surgery, steroid usage, and history of bleeding. In addition, whether the operation was performed by an orthopedic or neurosurgical specialist was analyzed. Results: The number of 2-level CDA procedures increased from 6 cases reported in 2014 to 142 in 2016, although a statistically significant increase in the number of outpatient cases performed was not seen (p=0.2). The factors found to be significantly associated with inpatient status following surgery were BMI (p=0.019) and diabetes mellitus requiring insulin (p=0.043). There were no significant differences in complication and readmission rates between the inpatient and outpatient groups. Conclusion: Patients undergoing inpatient 2-level CDA had significantly higher rates of obesity and diabetes requiring insulin than did patients undergoing the same procedure in the outpatient setting. With no difference in complication or readmission rates, 2-level CDA may be considered safe in the outpatient setting in appropriately selected patients.

• Journal of The Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.31-39
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• 2006

Much has changed in the healthcare field since the beginning of the industrial age. In the healthcare field changes are occurring so rapidly and dramatically that yesterday's paradigm will not be tomorrow's paradigm, creating the need above all else to stay fluid and flexible as strategies(included healthcare architecture planning) for the future are developed. The purpose of this study is to analyze the latest architectural trends of general hospital outpatient department based on the healthcare environment changes in Korea. The major healthcare environment change is to change the object of hospital's healthcare services from inpatient to outpatient. In conclusion, the first, medical faculties of outpatient department are subdivided specialized small faculty. The second, clinic systems for medical examination and treatment of specific disease are activated in the most outpatient department. The third, specialized medical centers for chronical disease(Cancer, Cardiac etc.) control are arranged in existed outpatient department or freestanding facility. Specialized medical center for preventive medicine is regionally decentralized for corresponding with the healthcare paradigm shifts.

• Journal of The Korean Dental Society of Anesthesiology
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.95-102
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• 2013

Background: Sedation or outpatient general anesthesia is a necessary method for a successful dental treatment for children and the disabled who have a difficulty of cooperation. The aim of this study was to assess the patients who had dental treatment under sedation or outpatient general anesthesia at department of pediatric dentistry, Chonnam national university dental hospital and Gwangju dental clinic for the disabled. Methods: 875 patients who had sedation from January 2009 to September 2013 and 88 patients who had outpatient general anesthesia after May 2011 were assessed for this study. Patient's distribution and treatment patterns were examined. Results: The number of patients has been increasing in both sedation and outpatient general anesthesia. In case of sedation, the proportion of male patients was higher and 4-6 years age group was the highest. Most patients have resided in Gwangju buk-gu and the percentage of restorative treatment was the highest. In case of outpatient general anesthesia, the proportion of male patients was higher than that of sedation. Two groups, 10-19 and 20-29 years age, consisted most of patient. Most patients have resided in Gwangju buk-gu and Jeollanam-do, and the percentage of periodontic and preventive treatment was the highest. Conclusions: Sedation or outpatient general anesthesia for dental treatment has been increasing for children and the disabled who have a difficulty of cooperation. Therefore, it is important to improve treatment environment under sedation and general anesthesia through continuous research and studies.

• Journal of Korean Clinical Nursing Research
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.31-45
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• 2008

Purpose: The purposes of this study were: (a) to identify role definition, tasks, and duties of the nurses who work in outpatient department (OPD), (b) to do Development a Curriculum(DACUM) chart, and (c) to compare duties and tasks among nurses, nurse's assistants, and doctors. Method: The DACUM committee was organized with 10 nurses who worked in OPD. The committee derived the duties and tasks of OPD nurses from what they had done at workplace. Validity of the derived duties and tasks was tested by 23 nurses at 15 university hospitals. Results: Eleven kinds of duties were identified: preparation for outpatient's medical examination; support for outpatient's medical examination; management of outpatients; outpatient education; outpatient counseling; special examination of outpatient; OPD administration; management of OPD supplies; management of facilities and environments of OPD; management of OPD personnel, and self-improvement. Ninety-two tasks were classified. Conclusion: The abilities for education and emergency care of OPD nurses should be empowered. The results of this study would not only contribute to the effective OPD nursing care, but also be useful as basic data in hospital management.