• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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• v.17
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• pp.147-167
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• 2002

In this paper, I investigated and analysed of the utilization of logistics information system in Korean firms - key factors of logistics management capacity, capacity of logistics information technology management, utilization of logistics information system and logistics outcome. I come to the conclusion that the higher firms are management capacity and capacity of logistics information technology management, the better firms utilize logistics information system, and the better these firms are logistics outcome, that is, the higher to promote logistics service and to reduce logistics cost.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.33-41
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• 2004

This study examines the relationship between multiple sales force management practices and performance within each of Miles & Snow (1978)'s strategy types and Walker & Ruekert (1987)'s strategy types. The findings are as follows : First, Prospectors seem to be associated with increased performance when they are utilizing a relationship selling strategy, internal sales force, moderate levels of supervision, outcome-based control system and incentive-oriented compensation system. Second, Analyzers seem to be associated with increased performance when they are utilizing a relationship selling strategy, internal sales force, outcome-based control system to deal with the instability in their strategic focus. Third, Low Cost Defender seem to be associated with increased performance when they are utilizing a relationship selling strategy, external sales force, low levels of supervision, outcome-based control system and salary-oriented compensation system. Fourth, Differentiated Defenders seem to be associated with increased performance when they are utilizing a relationship selling strategy, high levels of supervision, balanced (outcome+behavior) control system and salary-oriented compensation system.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.31-53
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• 2007

The purpose of a national health care system is to improve health care outcome among population. The objective of the study was to explore the determinants of health outcome in the 24 OECD countries between two health care financing systems. The study employed the pooled time series and cross-sectional analysis with tax-funded and social insurance-funded countries over the period of 1980 to 1999 using OECD Health Data 2002. The study revealed that health expenditure per capita, physicians per 1,000 of the population and calorie intake were positively significantly associated, smoking rate was negatively associated with health outcome while controlling all variables in the tax-funded countries. But in the insurance-funded countries, health expenditure per capita and the number of physicians were not statistically significant factors explaining health outcome. Only the calorie intake was positively associated with, and smoking rate, alcohol consumption per capita, and total nitrogen oxide emission per capita were negatively significantly associated with health outcome. In conclusion, healthy life style factors were much more important to improve health outcome in the both systems.

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.17
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• pp.359-380
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• 2005

The aim of this study is to find out what kind of effect the management system of midium and small businesses like compensation, human resources management approach, employee benefit and service programs and managers' leadership has on the company's image which is a nonfinancial outcome and on its sale price which is a financial outcome.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.12 no.4 s.27
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• pp.247-252
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• 2006

In this study, the index for operation evaluation index for safety management system that can be facilitated as the assessment tool for system operation monitoring and operation outcome and the safety management system of shipping companies has been developed. By using this index, this study may provide the instruction or consultation for frequent facilitation by comprehensively recording the required knowledge for each operation stage for the companies that prepares the introduction of the safety management system and companies that already introduced the system to maintain and develop the system. In addition, when working on internal audit and assessing the system operation outcome, it may be facilitated as the assessment tool to contribute in continuous improvement and development. This index is consisted of 11 large categories, 35 items of medium categories and 447 small categories.

• 한국경영정보학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2007.11a
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• pp.123-128
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• 2007

It has been argued that Enterprise systems (ES) implementations are overshadowed by a high failure rate despite their promised benefits. One of the commonly cited reasons for ES implementation failures in the context of mandatory use is end-user's unwillingness or sabotage to adopt or use systems. Considering that the appropriate management of expectations may play an important role in making positive behavior toward newly implemented systems, this study examines the effect of outcome expectations on the system use activity in the mandatory use context of information systems from the Social Cognitive Theory perspective. Structural equation model analysis using LISREL 8.7 provides significant support for the proposed relationships. The empirical results suggest that outcome expectations and user satisfaction have positive effects on system use activity conceptualized by immersion, reinvention, and learning. Theoretical and practical implications of the study shed some light on how to improve system use activity in the mandatory use context of information systems.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Railway
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.967-973
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• 2009

Construction and Transportation R&D budget is increased every year. Therefore, outcome is important issue. Also, we must try for practical use of outcome. And we need strategy for practical use of outcome. This is research for the application of research and development outcome. Specially, this research studies about way for construction standard. And this proposes a institutional improvement. First, it catch a problem point with present condition analysis. Second, It executes a survey and analysis. Finally it presents some policy suggestion. This research solves two problems. This applies to the field of research and development outcome. Another this amend construction standard.

• Journal of Korean Society for Quality Management
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.18-37
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• 2001

On this research, recognizing that ship inspection and audit services are closely related in Improving ship safety, the importance of active quality managements of ship inspection and audit services have been notified. For this research, based on previous research results, Quality managements of ship inspection and audit services were divided into the following aspects; the source of quality managements, execution of quality managements and outcome of quality managements. The results of this study is as follows. Overall, it is clearly shown that the elements of quality managements execution such as management responsibilities, resource management., product realization, measurement and analyzation, and improvement had also acted as a mediator between the relation of quality managements source and outcome.

• Industrial Engineering and Management Systems
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.109-116
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• 2005

Proposed in this paper is an intelligent management system for evaluating science research projects based on fuzzy neural networks with genetic algorithms. This system was planned, designed and tested employing theories and approaches of software engineering. This system was then applied to evaluate science research projects of the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China. The outcome / results shows the feasibility and validity of the system and its possible application to other intelligent management systems.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.199-211
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• 2016

Objective: Given the considerable disagreement between the Peer Assessment Rating (PAR) index and the American Board of Orthodontics Cast-Radiograph Evaluation, we aimed to develop a novel assessment system-the Improvement and Completion of Outcome (ICO) index-to evaluate the outcome of orthodontic treatment. Methods: Sixteen criteria from 4 major categories were established to represent the pretreatment malocclusion status, as well as the degree of improvement and level of completion of outcome during/after treatment: dental relationship (arch length discrepancy, irregularity, U1-SN, and IMPA); anteroposterior relationship (overjet, right and left molar position, ANB); vertical relationship (anterior overbite, anterior open-bite, lateral open-bite, SN-MP); and transverse relationship (dental midline discrepancy, chin point deviation, posterior cross-bite, occlusal plane cant). The score for each criterion was defined from 0 or -1 (worst) to 5 (ideal value or normal occlusion) in gradations of 1. The sum of the scores in each category indicates the area and extent of the problems. Improvement and completion percentages were estimated based on the pre- and post-treatment total scores and the maximum total score. If the completion percentage exceeded 80%, treatment outcome was considered successful. Results: Two cases, Class I malocclusion and skeletal Class III malocclusion, are presented to represent the assessment procedure using the ICO index. The difference in the level of improvement and completion of treatment outcome can be clearly explained by using 2 percentage values. Conclusions: Thus, the ICO index enables the evaluation of the quality of orthodontic treatment objectively and consecutively throughout the entire treatment process.