• 한국환경교육학회지:환경교육
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.175-190
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• 1997

The objective of this study is to increase bio-diversity by developing more efficient methods to created habitats and applying them in introducing prototypes of forest, grassland, and marsh which are found in natural ecosystem, to urban environment. In this context, in creating man-made marsh in Seoul Engineering High School, firstly, philosophical framework to create man-made marsh to restore urban nature and conceptual system to create a region considering life and ecosystem were established. Secondly, by applying the philosophical framework and the conceptual system, water quality section, plantation section, and techniques to create habitats to increase bio-diversity were introduced. Lastly, when the creation is completed, maintenance of the marsh will continue with participation and education of students and residents. This study presents how natural environment can be restored and created in urban areas. This may be viewed as modest beginning. I expect this study proves to be effective in increasing bio-diversity, fulfill its role as an experiment station for restoration and creation of natural environment and natural educational center for students and community as well as habitats for wild life, and open a new chapter in developing a society seeking co-existence of humankind and life. Therefore, when technological guideline on restoration and creation of man-made marsh in urban area is developed based on the outcome of this study, expansion of the project to nationwide including metropolitan cities like Seoul is recommended.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• 제33권6호
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• pp.535-539
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• 2011

Epidermoid cyst is a cystic form of teratoma and believed to be derived from trapped embryonic cells along the lines of embryonic closure. A 28-year-old woman presented with a painless swelling over the left mandibular area. On panoramic view, the mandible revealed a $5.5{\times}2.0\;cm^2$ multilocular radiolucent lesion of the left mandibular body and a computed tomography scan showed expansion of both the buccal and lingual plates in the same area. Microscopy found stratified squamous epithelium of the cystic wall and cystic contents of keratinized material. The histological diagnosis wasan epidermoid cyst. The most common location of epidermoid cyst at the head and neck is in the orbit (47%), followed by the mouth floor (23%) and the cervical area (9~24%), but in the jaw bone, it is considered very infrequent. We report the uncommon epidermoid cyst in the mandibular body that had a good healing outcome after treatment with a conservative marsupialization during the 40 months follow-up.

• 한국응급구조학회지
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.33-47
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• 2006

This research is devoted to increase resuscitation rate of emergency patients, expanding CPR to a pan-national campaigning, revaluating popularity and suitability of the education about the existing CPR(Bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation) education expansion of 119 EMS. Questionnaire was carried from seven hundred fifty eight residental and students in kyuggi fist area(Southern suwon, Middle suwon, Osan, Young-in) from July 20 to July 30, 2006. The institutional support for CPR education and special eduction institution are not prepared, 52.44% of those have CPR education, according to questionnaire. 39.9% of the educated is from 119 EMS and it is big outcome, 119 EMS efforts in the vortex of poor surroundings. But, 69.76% of the uneducated said they had not chance of CPR education and 19.63% said that the reason is no special eduction institution and information for CPR education. They say that CPR education was carried for only applicants in 119 EMS, without systematic and institutional support, special eduction institution. So, we have to expand the infrastructure, institute CPR education for systematic propagation of CPR education. And we need to make plan constructive public relations, intensify maintaining of CPR educated.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제39권6호
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• pp.585-592
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• 2012

During the past decade, many studies using platelet-rich plasma (PRP) or adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) have been conducted in various medical fields, from cardiovascular research to applications for corneal diseases. Nonetheless, there are several limitations of practical applications of PRP and ASCs. Most reports of PRP are anecdotal and few include controls to determine the specific role of PRP. There is little consensus regarding PRP production and characterization. Some have reported the development of an antibody to bovine thrombin, which was the initiator of platelet activation. In the case of ASCs, good manufacturing practices are needed for the production of clinical-grade human stem cells, and in vitro expansion of ASCs requires approval of the Korea Food and Drug Administration, such that considerable expense and time are required. Additionally, some have reported that ASCs could have a potential risk of transformation to malignant cells. Therefore, the authors tried to investigate the latest research on the efficacy and safety of PRP and ASCs and report on the current state and regulation of these stem cell-based therapies.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제48권5호
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• pp.1059-1070
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• 2016

The Prototype Gen IV sodium cooled fast reactor (PGSFR) has been developed for the last 4 years, fulfilling the technology demonstration of the burning capability of transuranic elements included in light water reactor spent nuclear fuel. The PGSFR design has been focused on the robustness of safety systems by enhancing inherent safety characteristics of metal fuel and strengthening passive safety features using natural circulation and thermal expansion. The preliminary safety information document as a major outcome of the first design phase of PGSFR development was issued at the end of 2015. The project entered the second design phase at the beginning of 2016. This paper summarizes the overall structures, systems, and components of nuclear steam supply system and safety characteristics of the PGSFR. The research and development activities to demonstrate the safety performance are also briefly introduced in the paper.

• 통상정보연구
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.217-240
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• 2013

한 미간 투자환경은 이전의 다자적 투자규범이나 BIT 협상단계 당시보다도 FTA 체결이후 더욱 개방적이고 투자보호 수준 또한 높아졌다. 이러한 성공요인은 무역자유화를 통한 시장 확대를 수반한 투자자유화 및 투자보호 강화와 이로 인한 투자유치 효과의 증대이다. FTA발효로 인한 무역전환효과로 인해 양자 간 투자는 급격히 증가 하였고, 이는 미국과 같은 거대 경제권과의 FTA발효를 통해 우리나라의 FTA네트워크가 확산되는 등 맞춤형 투자유치활동이 확대됨으로써 이루어진 성과이다. 향후 우리나라는 한 미FTA를 통해서 확보한 경쟁국 대비 선점효과를 극대화 할 필요가 있을 것이다.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제50권6호
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• pp.610-614
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• 2023

Necrotizing fasciitis is an uncommon yet fatal soft tissue infection. Current recommended treatment includes antibiotics with repeat surgical exploration and wound debridement followed by reconstruction. In burn patients, the Meek micrograft has demonstrated a higher true expansion ratio, faster reepithelialization rate, more resilient toward infection, and reduced risk of graft failure as compared with meshed graft. To our best knowledge, the use of Meek micrografting technique in reconstruction of postdebridement wounds of necrotizing fasciitis has not been reported. Hereby, we present a case of a 57-year-old gentleman who was referred to us for wound reconstruction after surgical debridement of Fournier's gangrene and extensive necrotizing fasciitis involving the anterior abdomen and bilateral femoral region. Meek micrografting technique was used to reconstruct the anterior abdomen as the wound bed was large. Although the graft was complicated with a small area of localized infection, it did not spread across the entire graft and was successfully treated with topical antibiotics and regular wound dressing. In our case, wound reconstruction using Meek micrografting technique in a patient with extensive necrotizing fasciitis was successful and showed positive outcome. Therefore, we suggest further studies to be conducted to investigate the applications and outcomes of the Meek micrografting technique, especially in patients with extensive wound bed and limited donor site availability.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.5.1-5.22
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• 2022

The approval of immunotherapies such as checkpoint inhibitors (CPIs), adoptive cell therapies and cancer vaccines has revolutionized the way cancer treatment is approached. While immunotherapies have improved clinical outcome in a variety of tumor types, some cancers have proven harder to combat using single agents, underscoring the need for multi-targeted immunotherapy approaches. Efficacy of CPIs and cancer vaccines requires patients to have a competent immune system with adequate cell numbers while the efficacy of adoptive cellular therapy is limited by the expansion and persistence of cells after infusion. A promising strategy to overcome these challenges is combination treatment with common gamma-chain cytokines. Gamma-chain cytokines play a critical role in the survival, proliferation, differentiation and function of multiple immune cell types, including CD8 T-cells and NK cells, which are at the center of the anti-tumor response. While the short halflife of recombinant cytokines initially limited their application in the clinic, advancements in protein engineering have led to the development of several next-generation drug candidates with dramatically increased half-life and bioactivity. When combining these cytokines with other immunotherapies, strong evidence of synergy has been observed in preclinical and clinical cancer settings. This promising data has led to the initiation of 70 ongoing clinical trials including IL-2, IL-7, IL-15 and IL-21. This review summarizes the recent advancements of common gamma-chain cytokines and their potential as a cancer immunotherapy.

• 대한소아치과학회지
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.357-366
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• 2008

구치부 반대교합은 유치열기와 혼합치열기에서 종종 나타나는 부정교합으로서, 유병율은 $7{\sim}23%$로 다양하게 나타난다. 이는 상악 치아의 협측 교두가 대합되는 하악 치아의 협측 교두의 설측에 교합하는 상태이며, 하나의 치아 또는 한 치아군에서 나타날 수 있다. 구치부 반대교합의 경우, 보통 자발적 교정이 이루어지지 않으므로, 발견되는 즉시 치료해주는 것이 추천된다. 치성이나 기능성의 경우 성장함에 따라 골격성으로 이행하여 악골의 변형을 초래하고 교정적인 수단으로 개선이 불가능한 상태로 악화될 가능성도 있으므로 조기에 치료하는 것이 효과적이며, 이러한 반대교합의 치료 방법으로는 하악의 변위를 유발하는 조기접촉을 제거하기 위한 교합조정, 협소한 상악궁의 확장, 치열궁내 비대칭을 치료하기 위한 개개 치아의 배열 등의 방법이 있다. 본 증례에서는 유치열기와 초기 혼합치열기 아동에서 구치부 반대교합이 관찰되어 치아의 선택적 삭제와 상악궁의 확장으로 반대교합을 교정한 후 정기적 검진시 양호한 결과가 관찰되기에 이를 보고하는 바이다.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제58권4호
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• pp.309-315
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• 2015

Objective : An advantage of surgical treatment over conservative treatment of spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is controversial. Recent reports suggest that contrast extravasations on CT angiography (CTA) might serve as a crucial predictor of hematoma expansion and mortality. The purpose of this study was aimed at investigating the efficacy of surgical treatment in patients with spot sign positive ICH. Methods : We used our institutional medical data search system to identify all adult patients who admitted for treatment of ICH between January 1, 2007 and January 31, 2012. Patients were classified two groups into a surgical group (n=27) and a conservative treatment group (n=28). Admission criteria were the following: age 20-79 years, spontaneous supratentorial ICH, Glasgow Coma Score Ranging from 9 to 14, ICH volume ${\geq}20mL$, and treatment within 24 hours. Results : Fifty-five patients were analyzed. There was no significant difference in the ICU stay between the conservative treatment group ($7.36{\pm}3.66days$) and the surgical treatment group ($6.93{\pm}2.20days$; p=0.950). There was a significant difference in the in-hospital stay between the conservative treatment group ($13.93{\pm}8.87days$) and the surgical treatment group ($20.33{\pm}6.37days$; p=0.001). Overall mortality at day 90 after ICH was 36.4%; this included 16 of 28 patients (57.1%) in the conservative group and 4 of 27 patients (14.8%) in the surgical group. In univariate analysis, there was a positive effect of the surgical treatment in reducing mortality at 90 days (p=0.002), Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) at 90-day (p=0.006), and modified Rankin Scale (mRS) at 90-day (p=0.023). In multivariate logistic analysis, there was a significant difference in mortality (odds ratio, 0.211; 95% confidence interval, 0.049-0.906; p=0.036) between the groups at 90-day follow-up. However, there was no significant difference in GOS (odds ratio, 0.371; 95% confidence interval, 0.031-4.446; p=0.434) and mRS (odds ratio, 1.041; 95% confidence interval, 0.086-12.637; p=0.975) between the groups at 90-day follow-up. Conclusion : In this study of surgical treatment of supratentorial ICH in patients with spot sign positive in CTA was associated with less mortality despite of long duration of in-hospital stay. We failed to show that clinical outcome benefit of surgical treatment compared with conservative treatment in patients with spot sign positive ICH.