• Korean Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery
• /
• 제55권8호
• /
• pp.498-507
• /
• 2012

Background and Objectives We aimed to develop a Korean version of the velopharyngeal insufficiency (VPI) speech corpus system. Subjects and Method After developing a 3-channel simultaneous speech recording device capable of recording nasal/oral and normal compound speech separately, voice data were collected from VPI patients aged more than 10 years with/without the history of operation or prior speech therapy. This was compared to a control group for which VPI was simulated by using a french-3 nelaton tube inserted via both nostril through nasopharynx and pulling the soft palate anteriorly in varying degrees. The study consisted of three transcriptors: a speech therapist transcribed the voice file into text, a second transcriptor graded speech intelligibility and severity and the third tagged the types and onset times of misarticulation. The database were composed of three main tables regarding (1) speaker's demographics, (2) condition of the recording system and (3) transcripts. All of these were interfaced with the Praat voice analysis program, which enables the user to extract exact transcribed phrases for analysis. Results In the simulated VPI group, the higher the severity of VPI, the higher the nasalance score was obtained. In addition, we could verify the vocal energy that characterizes hypernasality and compensation in nasal/oral and compound sounds spoken by VPI patients as opposed to that characgerizes the normal control group. Conclusion With the Korean version of VPI speech corpus system, patients' common difficulties and speech tendencies in articulation can be objectively evaluated. Comparing these data with those of the normal voice, mispronunciation and dysarticulation of patients with VPI can be corrected.

• Korean Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery
• /
• 제55권3호
• /
• pp.181-184
• /
• 2012

The malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor is an extremely rare soft tissue sarcoma. It is a highly malignant sarcoma, which is locally invasive, frequently leading to multiple recurrences and eventual metastatic spread. The peak incidence of disease is known to occur sporadically between the age of 20s and 50s, and is usually associated with the neurofibromatosis type I. In human body, the trunk and extremities are the most commonly involved sites, with only 8-14% of all lesions appearing in the head and neck region. We present a case of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor involving the right parapharynx in a 48-year-old patient who complained of headaches in the right parietal area and of dysphagia that aggravated over a month. After surgery, tumor was finally diagnosed as malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor by histopathologic examinations. The authors report a case of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor in the right parapharynx with a review of the literature.

• Genomics & Informatics
• /
• 제21권1호
• /
• pp.2.1-2.14
• /
• 2023

Microglia, similar to peripheral macrophages, are the primary immune cells of the central nervous system (CNS). Microglia exist in the resting state in the healthy CNS, but can be activated and polarized into either M1 or M2 subtypes for immune defense and the maintenance of CNS homeostasis by multiple stimuli. Several long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) mediate human inflammatory diseases and neuropathologies by regulating their target genes. However, the function of common lncRNAs that contribute to microglial activation remains unclear. Thus, we used bioinformatic approaches to identify common lncRNAs involved in microglial activation in vitro. Our study identified several lncRNAs as common regulators of microglial activation. We identified 283 common mRNAs and 53 common lncRNAs during mouse M1 microglial activation processes, whereas 26 common mRNAs and five common lncRNAs were identified during mouse M2 microglial activation processes. A total of 648 common mRNAs and 274 common lncRNAs were identified during the activation of human M1 microglia. In addition, we identified 1,920 common co-expressed pairs in mouse M1 activation processes and 25 common co-expressed pairs in mouse M2 activation processes. Our study provides a comprehensive understanding of common lncRNA expression profiles in microglial activation processes in vitro. The list of common lncRNAs identified in this study provides novel evidence and clues regarding the molecular mechanisms underlying microglial activation.

• 대한상한금궤의학회지
• /
• 제14권1호
• /
• pp.69-79
• /
• 2022

Objective : Fatigue is the most common symptom in post-COVID-19 syndrome. We report the case of a patient with post-COVID-19 syndrome with fatigue treated using herbal medicine (Saengkangsasim-tang). Methods : A 64-year-old man had severe fatigue for 4 months after a severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. Saengkangsasim-tang was administered to this patient based on the disease pattern identification diagnostic system by Shanghanlun provisions (DPIDS). We used the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) to evaluate the effectiveness of Saengkangsasim-tang for fatigue in the patient with post-COVID-19 syndrome. Results : According to DPIDS, the patient was diagnosed with the provision 157. After administration of Saengkangsasim-tang for 30days, the fatigue based on NRS and depression based on BDI were improved. Conclusions : The administration of Saengkangsasim-tang to patients with post-COVID-19 syndrome with fatigue, diagnosed according to the Shanghanlun provision 157, may be effective.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
• /
• 제41권2호
• /
• pp.74-79
• /
• 2024

Patient-physician interaction (PPI) is an important area in medical education, but in-depth discussions on the content of the outcome of patient-doctor education are rare. Therefore, in this study, we will systematically analyze the research on PPI education in Korea. In this study, papers searched with keywords related to PPI education from Korea's academic journal service were targeted according to a systematic literature analysis method. The scope of the study was to include papers published in academic journals that are candidates for Korea Citation Index registration, excluding dissertations, research reports, posters, conference presentations, books, and internet materials. The content included papers targeting medical education and medical school students was set as the range. As a result of the analysis, although communication between PPI has many positive effects in the PPI in medical education at medical schools, obstacles do occur, and various ways to overcome them were suggested. Therefore, although medical interview training between patients and doctors in medical schools is necessary, it was analyzed as being based on overseas research or lacking in specific content. The core of PPI education appears to be medical interviews, and it seems necessary to discuss whether empathy or patient-centered medical care are appropriate as the main principles of PPI education in Korea. Therefore, education on the patient-doctor relationship is an important element in medical humanities and medical humanities education, and it is expected that research and education on this will progress more actively.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
• /
• 제20권8호
• /
• pp.1266-1274
• /
• 2019

Objective: To determine whether radiologic extranodal extension (ENE) appearing on pretreatment CT and MRI could predict the prognosis in patients with human papillomavirus (HPV)-related oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC). Materials and Methods: The study population was obtained from a historical cohort diagnosed with HPV-related OPSCC. A total of 134 OPSCC patients who had a metastatic lymph node on pretreatment CT or MRI were included, and radiologic ENE was evaluated by two experienced head and neck radiologists. Kaplan-Meier and multivariate Cox regression analyses were performed to evaluate the impact of radiologic ENE on progression-free survival (PFS). The diagnostic performance of CT and MRI for the diagnosis of ENE was also evaluated in patients who underwent neck dissection. Results: Seventy patients (52.2%) showed radiologic ENE-positive findings. Although patients showing radiologic ENE had a worse 3-year PFS (83.7% vs. 95.3%, p = 0.023), the association between radiologic ENE and PFS was not statistically significant on multivariate analysis (p = 0.141; hazard ratio, 2.68; 95% confidence interval, 0.72-9.97). CT or MRI had a sensitivity of 62%, specificity of 77.8%, and accuracy of 71.9% for predicting pathologic ENE. Conclusion: Radiologic ENE on CT or MRI did not predict poor PFS in patients with HPV-related OPSCC, although there was a trend towards worse PFS. Further studies are warranted to determine whether radiologic ENE is a useful imaging biomarker to risk-stratify patients with HPV-related OPSCC.

• 대한영상의학회지
• /
• 제85권1호
• /
• pp.247-251
• /
• 2024

두경부의 호흡상피 선종양 과오종은 섬모호흡상피로 둘러싸인 선조직으로 구성된 드문 양성종양이다. 두경부의 비강, 부비동 또는 비인강의 호흡상피 선종양 과오종이 현재까지 보고되었다. 호흡상피 선종양 과오종은 드물고 특징적인 영상 소견이 잘 알려져 있지 않기 때문에 흔하지 않은 위치에 비특이적인 낭성종물로 발생한 경우 영상의학적 진단을 내리기가 쉽지 않다. 저자들은 볼쪽공간(상악후방 지방층)에서 낭성종물의 형태로 나타난 병리적으로 진단된 호흡상피 선종양 과오종의 CT 및 MRI 영상 소견을 증례 보고하고자 한다.

• Safety and Health at Work
• /
• 제15권2호
• /
• pp.220-227
• /
• 2024

Background: Though the artificial neural network (ANN) technique has been used to predict noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL), the established prediction models have primarily relied on cross-sectional datasets, and hence, they may not comprehensively capture the chronic nature of NIHL as a disease linked to long-term noise exposure among workers. Methods: A comprehensive dataset was utilized, encompassing eight-year longitudinal personal hearing threshold levels (HTLs) as well as information on seven personal variables and two environmental variables to establish NIHL predicting models through the ANN technique. Three subdatasets were extracted from the afirementioned comprehensive dataset to assess the advantages of the present study in NIHL predictions. Results: The dataset was gathered from 170 workers employed in a steel-making industry, with a median cumulative noise exposure and HTL of 88.40 dBA-year and 19.58 dB, respectively. Utilizing the longitudinal dataset demonstrated superior prediction capabilities compared to cross-sectional datasets. Incorporating the more comprehensive dataset led to improved NIHL predictions, particularly when considering variables such as noise pattern and use of personal protective equipment. Despite fluctuations observed in the measured HTLs, the ANN predicting models consistently revealed a discernible trend. Conclusions: A consistent correlation was observed between the measured HTLs and the results obtained from the predicting models. However, it is essential to exercise caution when utilizing the model-predicted NIHLs for individual workers due to inherent personal fluctuations in HTLs. Nonetheless, these ANN models can serve as a valuable reference for the industry in effectively managing its hearing conservation program.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
• /
• 제20권1호
• /
• pp.17-23
• /
• 2002

목적 : 국한성 두경부 혈관 중심위 림프종에서 화학방사선 병용치료법과 방사선치료 단독요법의 치료성적을 비교하여 화학방사선 병용치료법의 임상적 유용성 여부를 알아보고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법 : 1976년부터 1995년까지 연세암센타에서 병기 I, II기의 두경부 혈관 중심위 림프종으로 치료받은 143 예를 대상으로 하였다. 방사선치료단독(104예)의 경우 20~70 Gy (중앙값 50.4 Gy)를 병소 부위에 국소적으로 조사하였고 화학방사선 병용치료(39예)의 경우에는 1~6회(중앙값 3회)의 화학요법을 시행한 후 병소 부위에 국소적으로 방사선치료를 시행하였다. 치료방법에 따른 반응율, 치료실패양상, 후유증, 생존율 등을 비교하여 보았다. 결과 : 치료에 대한 높은 반응율에도 불구하고 국소치료실패가 치료실패양상의 가장 흔한 원인이었고 화학요법의 시행에 따른 치료실패양상의 변화는 없었다. 치료방법에 따른 환자들의 순응도에는 차이가 없었으나 혈구포식세포 증후군(hemophagocytic syndrome), 패혈증, 난치성 출혈(intractable bleeding), 2차 암(new primary cancer) 등의 발생 빈도는 화학방사선 병용치료법을 시행한 경우에 방사선치료 단독요법을 시행한 경우보다 높은 경향을 나타냈다. 방사선 단독으로 치료한 경우의 5년 생존율과 무병 생존율은 각각 38%와 32%로 저조하였고 화학요법의 시행에도 생존율의 향상은 없었다. 완전관해 여부가 단변량과 다변량 분석에서 가장 중요한 예후인자이었고 화학요법의 병용 여부는 생존율에 영향을 미치지 못했다. 결론 : 국한성 두경부 혈관 중심위 림프종의 치료에서 화학방사선 병용치료법이 방사선치료 단독요법보다 유용하다는 사실이 입증되지 못하였다.

• 대한핵의학회지
• /
• 제33권6호
• /
• pp.466-474
• /
• 1999

목적 : 본 연구는 두경부종양 환자의 병기결정 및 수술이나 방사선 치료 후 재발의 발견에 있어 [$^{18}F$]-FDG PET의 진단적 정확도를 알아보고 치료 종료 후 재발 진단을 위한 적절한 [$^{18}F$]FDG PET 시행시기를 알아보기 위하여 시행하였다. 대상 및 방법: 59명의 두경부종앙 환자를 대상으로 [$^{18}F$]FDG PET 전신촬영을 시행하였고 치료 방법에 따라 환자를 4군으로 나누었다. [ I군 (14명); 치료를 시행받지 않은 환자군, II군(17명); 수술만을 받은 환자군, III군 (9명): 방사선치료만을 받은 환자군, IV군(19명); 수술과 방사선치료 모두를 받은 환자군]. [$^{18}F$]FDG PET 결과를 임상경과, CT 및 조직학적 소견과 비교하였다. 결과: I 군의 치료받지 않은 14명의 환자에서 림프절전이를 진단하는데 있어서 [$^{18}F$]FDG PET는 100% (10/10)의 예민도와 75% (3/4)의 특이도를 CT는 80% (8/10)의 예민도와 100% (4/4)의 측이도를 보였다. 치료 후 [$^{18}F$]FDG PET를 시행한 45명의 환자를 대상으로 한 $II{\sim}IV$군에서 재발의 진단에 있어 [$^{18}F$]FDG PET의 예민도와 특이도는 각각 96.2% (25/26)와 78.9% (15/19)를 보였다(II군; 100%와 75%, III군: 80%와 50%, 그리고 IV군; 100%와 100%). 치료 전 [$^{18}F$]FDG PET 시행 군과 치료 후 [$^{18}F$]FDG PET 시행군 사이의 통계적인 차이는 없었다(P>0.1). 그러나 치료 종료 후 2개월 이내에 [$^{18}F$]FDG PET를 시행한 16명의 환자에서 [$^{18}F$]FDG PET의 예민도와 특이도는 90.9% (10/11)와 20% (1/5)로서 치료 종료 훈 2개월 이후에 PET를 시행한 29명의 환자를 대상으로 한 PET(예민도와 특이도 각각 100%)보다 특이도가 유의하게 낮았다(p<0.05) 결론: [$^{18}F$]FDG PET는 두경부종양의 병기결정 및 재발의 진단에 있어서 유용한 진단 방법이다. 또한 수술이나 방사선 조사 후 염증조직의 [$^{18}F$]FDG 섭취 증가는 재발을 진단하는 데 있어 위양성을 초래할 수가 있기 때문에 치료 종료 후 2개월 이후에 [$^{18}F$]FDG PET를 시행함으로써 염증반응으로 인한 곤란을 최소화하면서 보다 정확하게 재발을 진단할 수 있다고 생각한다.