• Korean Journal of Ichthyology
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.67-76
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• 2012

Skeletal development in the oblong rockfish, Sebastes oblongus, was studied based on extensive larval rearing conditions from December 2007 to March 2008. Newly-hatched larvae lacked osteological elements. After 3 days of bearing, jaw bones were ossified almost simultaneously with the frontal, parietal, clavicle, opercle, preopercle and branchiostegal rays at 8.0 mm average total length (TL). Ossification of the opercular was completed by 12.3 mm and the full complement of ossified elements of cranium and pectoral girdle were completed by 16.2 mm. Ossification of the cartilaginous caudal complex began to at 9.8 mm, and completely ossified by 18.0 mm. The fusing of the first and second, and the third and fourth hypurals initially occurred by 10.8 mm, and their fusion was finally completed at 18.0 mm. Notochord flexion occurred and formed an individual centrum by 8.5 mm and 10.8 mm, respectively, and all 26 centra were ossified by 13.2 mm. The preorbital bone began to ossify on the anterior region of eye at 10.8 mm, and the $1^{st}$ suborbital bone appeared ossified on the lower of eye by 12.3 mm, and all elements were ossified at 27.5 mm. Finally, after 71 days of bearing, the juveniles became 27.5 mm, and ossification was completed at this stage.

• Korean Journal of Ichthyology
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.137-143
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• 2018

This study was carried out to observe the development of the autonomous skeletal development of the Tridentiger trigonocephalus. Seven days after hatching, the skeleton of the two line cranes began to ossify at premaxillary, maxilla and dentary when the average total length was 4.44 mm (n=5). At thirteen days after hatching, the frontal, parietal, and epiotic ossicles were observed in the cranium when the average total length was 5.62 mm (n=5). At thirty-two days after hatching, actinost and post cleithrum were ossified at the shoulder when the average total length was 11.8 mm (n=5). At forty days after hatching, the lateral ethmoid of the skull was ossified with an average total length of 13.3 mm (n=5) and all skeletal development was completed.

• Development and Reproduction
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.9-18
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• 2018

This study was conducted to investigate the skeletal development of bullhead torrent catfish, Liobagrus obesus larvae and to utilize them as basic data for the taxonomic study of Liobagrus larvae. Skeletal development was observed by being divided into cranium, visceral skeleton, shoulder girdle bone, pelvic girdle bone and vertebra. On the first day after hatching, the pre-larvae had an average total length of 7.92 mm, and a line-shaped parasphenoid ossified in the cranium. In the jaw bone, the dentary supporting the lower jaw and the maxillary supporting the upper jaw were ossified. In the anterior abdominal vertebrae of the vertebra, seven centrums began to ossify and five neural spines ossified simultaneously. On the 3 day after hatching, pre-larvae had an average total length of 8.95 mm, and the prefrontal ossified in cranium. The number of abdominal vertebrae was increased to 14, and three parapophysis developed from the front side. On the 24th day after hatching, post-larvae had an average total length of 15.2 mm and the epural bone ossified in coccyx. The parhypural bone was ossified, and ossification of coccyx and pelvic girdle bone was completed. On the 30th day after hatching, the average total length of the juvenile was 17.8 mm, and the ossification of cranium and visceral skeleton was all completed while the preorbital and three suborbitals were ossified in the orbital region of the cranium.

• Korean Journal of Ichthyology
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.189-198
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• 2015

This research has been launched in order to observe the osteological development of sevenband grouper, Epinephelus septemfasciatus larvae and juveniles and will be used for the basic data of phylogenetically systematics research. We got some samples of larvae and juveniles from a adult fish which belongs to the sea cage in Geomun-do, Yeosu-si, Jeolla-namdo province, and we have watched them. The average of breeding water temperature was $21.5{\sim}24.5^{\circ}C$ (average $23.0{\pm}1.5^{\circ}C$). In yolk-sac larvae just after hatching, ossification was not observed at all, and when the average total length reached 2.66 mm, the premaxillary and maxillary forming the upper jaw, dentary forming the lower jaw, and parasphenoid forming the skull base were ossified. In addition, the preopercle and opercle forming the opercular region began to be ossified. The caudal skeleton supporting the caudal fin is built with the caudal complex consisting of the malleus and incus. Until the average total length reached 2.59 mm, ossification did not occur at all and the urostyle bent at 45-degree angle. As to the ossification of the pterygiophore, when the average total length was 6.12 mm, the first interhemal spine began to be ossified in articulation with two spines of the anal fin, and the synapse also began to be ossified in articulation with two spines of the dorsal fin. When the average total length was 21.9 mm, individuals with completed ossification of the interhemal spines and synaptic clefts began to appear.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.51 no.2
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• pp.170-177
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• 2018

Samples were obtained from broodstork in May, 1998, while naturally fertilized embryos were maintained and the process of skeletal development was observed from larvae and juveniles. Prelarvae immediately after hatching showed an average total length of $5.38{\pm}0.41mm$ (n=10), premaxillary and dentary were ossified, parasphenoid was ossified in the cranium, and centrum and caudal bone did not ossify. Prelarvae showed ossification with maxillary, articular and epihyal and branchiostegal rays of hyoid arch were ossified at 5 days after hatching with an average total length of $6.40{\pm}0.39mm$ (n=10). The vertebrae began to ossify in the direction of the tail, and neural spine began to ossify above the ossified vertebra. Postlarvae showed ossification of lateral ethmoid, parietal, and caudal skeleton in the cranium when the average total length was $7.30{\pm}0.12mm$ (n=10) in 8 days after hatching. At 22 days after hatching, postlarvae ossified maxillary in the cranium, and ossified endopterygoid and ectopterygoid, etc. in the palate, when the average length of $11.1{\pm}1.27mm$ (n=10). At 32 days after hatching, with the average length was $12.8{\pm}1.97mm$ (n=10), caudal skeleton had one additional epural bone ossification, resulting in ossification of a total of 3 epural bone to complete ossification of all spicules.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.175-178
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• 2013

The Fraser's dolphin, Lagenodelphis hosei has a pantropical distribution. Only several stranding or catch data were available from Japan and Taiwan in the north-west Pacific region. An adult female L. hosei stranded in Jeju-do, Korea. The specimen was identified by external features and skull measurements. It showed the same external appearance ratio and range in the number of teeth with L. hosei former described. The cranial measurements also well corresponded to condylobasal length proportions given in the previous descriptions of the holotype. This is the first record of the species in Korean waters. We report the information on external and osteological characters of the specimen.

• Korean Journal of Ichthyology
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.63-68
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• 2001

The skeletal development of the larvae and juvenile of red marbled rockfish, Sebasticus tertius (Barsukov et Chen) was studied based on individuals that were discharged and reared in the laboratory from April to May 1997. In 8 days after bearing, the postlarvae attained 4.42 mm in total length (TL), and its parasphenoid, premaxillary, maxillary, and clavicle were ossified for the first time at this stage. In 15 days after bearing, the postlarvae attained 5.23 mm in TL, and its pterotic, basioccipital, exoccipital, opercle, and preopercle were ossified, with one spine on the each cranium and preopercle. In 27 days after bearing, the postlarvae attained 8.81 mm in TL, its vertebra were posteriorly ossified to the 15th centrum, and five spines were formed on the preopercle. In 39 days after bearing, the juveniles attained 14.21 mm in TL, and the all bones were almost completed at this stage.

• Korean Journal of Ichthyology
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.129-135
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• 2001

Matured adults of Siniperca scherzeri were collected from Soyangdam and Hongchun river, Gangwon-do, Korea. The fertilized eggs were hatched and reared in the laboratory of the Korea Ocean Research and Development Institute. Osteological development of the larvae and juveniles of Siniperca scherzeri were investigated. Three days after hatching, the larva (6.12 mm in total length: TL) had partly ossified parasphenoid, clavicle, hyomandibular, preopercle, opercle and jaw bones with 7 to 8 canine teeth. The ascending process of premaxillary and ca 19 and 23 teeth on the premaxillary and dentary, respectively, were ossified at 10 days after hatching. Also at 10 days, the vertebral columns of the larvae (6.85 mm in TL) were posterioly ossified to the 5~7th vertebra, and ossification was completed in the juvenile (10.99 mm in TL) on the 22 nd day. Thus ossification began 3 days after hatching, and was completed 22 days after hatching.

• Animal cells and systems
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.213-219
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• 2010

Bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops sp.) commonly inhabit Korean waters, including the coastal waters of Jeju Island. However, their taxonomic position was unclear because of the validity of this genus. The genus Tursiops has recently been determined to comprise two species: the common bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) and the Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops aduncus). To confirm the taxonomic position of bottlenose dolphins frequenting the coastal waters of Jeju Island, the external morphology and osteology of specimens from Jeju Island were examined. Photographs of free-swimming individuals were also used for determining external morphological characters. The cranial and meristic measurements fell within the ranges of T. aduncus. Osteological ratios were also consistent with those of T. aduncus. The presence of a prominent ventral spot was observed among some individuals. As a result, the dolphins mainly distributed in the coastal waters of Jeju Island were identified as Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphins (T. aduncus) in terms of their cranial characters and ventral spotting. We propose a new Korean name, 'Nambang-keun-dol-go-rae'.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.57 no.2
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• pp.153-168
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• 2024

Morphological and skeletal development in the cultured threeline grunt Parapristipoma trilineatum was studied from 1.96 to 61.39 mm notochord length (NL) or standard length (SL) specimens (n=360). After two days post-hatching (dph, 2.13 mm NL), the mouth opened, and melanophores formed in the eyes and egg yolk were absorbed. Oli globules were absorbed at 3 dph (2.71 mm NL). The total number of fin rays reached that of adults at 28 dph (10.58 mm SL). During skeletal development, the premaxillaray, dentary, opercle, preopercle, and cleithrum first began to ossify at 6 dph (3.51 mm NL). Ossification of all skeletal elements was completed at 28 dph (14.57 mm SL). The vertebrae began to ossify at 17 dph (5.63 mm SL) and were completed at 28 dph (8.48 mm SL), progressing from cranium to caudal bone. The centrum ossified from the dorsal to ventral direction. Vertebral fusion and separation were found to be common skeletal abnormalities.