• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.375-393
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• 2021

Percutaneous osteoplasty (POP) is defined as the injection of bone cement into various painful bony lesions, refractory to conventional therapy, as an extended technique of percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP). POP can be applied to benign osteochondral lesions and malignant metastatic lesions throughout the whole skeleton, whereas PVP is restricted to the vertebral body. Common spinal metastases occur in the thoracic (70%), lumbosacral (20%), and cervical (10%) vertebrae, in order of frequency. Extraspinal metastases into the ribs, scapulae, sternum, and humeral head commonly originate from lung and breast cancers; extraspinal metastases into the pelvis and femoral head come from prostate, urinary bladder, colon, and uterine cervical cancers. Pain is aggravated in the dependent (or weight bearing) position, or during movement (or respiration). The tenderness and imaging diagnosis should match. The supposed mechanism of pain relief in POP is the augmentation of damaged bones, thermal and chemical ablation of the nociceptive nerves, and local inhibition of tumor invasion. Adjacent (facet) joint injections may be needed prior to POP (PVP). The length and thickness of the applied needle should be chosen according to the targeted bone. Bone cement is also selected by its osteoconduction, osteoinduction, and osteogenesis. Needle route should be chosen as a shortcut to reach the target bony lesions, without damage to the nerves and vessels. POP is a promising minimally invasive procedure for immediate pain relief. This review provides a technical survey for POPs in painful bony lesions.

• 대한정형외과스포츠의학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.27-32
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• 2007

골연골 병변에 관한 논문들을 살펴본 결과, 연구 방법, 각기 다른 치료 방법에 의해 얻어진 결과가 상당한 가변성을 보였다. 현 시점에서 골연골편 제거술 및 병변의 변연 절제와 천공술 그리고 자가 골연골 이식술 등이 가장 널리 이용되고 있으며 효과적인 치료 방법으로 사료된다. 그러나 가장 적절한 치료 수단이 무엇인지에 대한 명확한 결론을 유추하기 위해서는 무작위 임상 실험과 동일한 연구 방법에 의한 결과 측정의 비교가 우선되어져야 할 것으로 사료된다.

• 대한족부족관절학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.128-128
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• 2020

• 대한족부족관절학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.115-118
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• 2010

Purpose: To evaluate clinical features of ankle lesions, associated with anterior soft tissue impingement. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 21 patients who had chronic anterior ankle pain as initial symptom and associated ankle lesions with anterior soft tissue impingement. Based on preoperative radiologic findings, physical examination intra-operative findings, appropriate procedures were done for lesions by either arthroscopic or minimal open procedure or combined. Clinical evaluation was done using American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society, ankle-hind foot score (AOFAS score) and visual analog scale (VAS) on last follow up. Results: Associated lesion(s) to anterior soft tissue impingement of the ankle were 16 cases of osteochondral lesion of talus, 14 cases of bony impingement, 6 cases of ankle lateral instability, 5 cases of loose body, 4 cases of os subfibulare. AOFAS score was $58.9\;{\pm}\;5.1$ preoperatively and $74\;{\pm}\;9.1$ on last follow up. Clinical satisfaction score using VAS showed excellent in 3 cases, good in 11, fair in 3, poor in 4. Conclusion: The patients who had anterior soft tissue impingement would have various associated lesions on their ankle. In such cases, preoperative counseling for variety of postoperative results would be needed.

• 대한족부족관절학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.149-156
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• 2021

Purpose: Given the lack of definite evidence-based guidelines in clinical practice, there may be a wide variation in treatment protocols for osteochondral lesions of the talus (OLT). Based on the Korean Foot and Ankle Society (KFAS) member survey, this study aimed to report the current trends in the management of OLT. Materials and Methods: A web-based questionnaire containing 30 questions was sent to all KFAS members in September 2021. The questions were mainly related to clinical experience and preferences in diagnosis, conservative, and surgical treatments for patients with OLT. Answers with a prevalence of ≥50% of respondents were considered a tendency. Results: Sixty-two (11.3%) of the 550 surgeons queried responded to the survey. The responses to 9 (30.0%) of the total of 30 questions established a tendency. Answers exhibiting a tendency were as follows; additional diagnostic tools except for plain radiograph (magnetic resonance imaging), most common conservative treatment method (oral medication, rest), most important radiological factor in decision making for surgical treatment and method (size of the lesion, ankle instability, loose bodies), most important patient factors in decision making for surgical treatment and method (age, activity or occupation), infrequently requiring posterior arthroscopy (less than 3%), most common revision surgery for failed bone marrow stimulation procedure (osteochondral autograft transplantation [OAT]), not requiring additional procedure for donor site in OAT, the main reason for unsatisfactory result after OAT (persistent pain without radiological abnormality), no generalization of autologous chondrocyte implantation or chondrogenesis using stem cells. Conclusion: This study presents updated information on current trends in the management of OLT in Korea. Both consensus and variations in the approach to patients with OLT were revealed through this survey. Since recent biologic efforts to regenerate cartilage have been unsuccessful, further studies to identify clinical evidence would be needed.

• 대한관절경학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.134-139
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• 2012

목적: 거골의 골연골 병변 환자에서 관절경적 골연골성형술의 치료 결과를 보고하고자 한다. 대상 및 방법: 1999년부터 2007년까지 거골의 골연골 병변으로 관절경적 골연골성형술을 시행한 48예 중 3년 이상 추시가 가능한 환자 32예를 대상으로 하였다. 평균 추시 기간은 48(38-108)개월이었고 남자가 22예, 여자가 10예이었으며 평균 나이는 34(20-56)세였다. 단순 방사선 사진 및 자기공명영상에서 병변의 위치를 확인하고 Berndt와 Harty의 방법으로 분류하였으며 전 예에서 관절경적 변연절제술 또는 미세골절술을 시행하였다. 미국정형외과족부족관절학회의 족관절-후족부 점수(American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society [AOFAS] ankle-hindfoot scale)와 Kaikkonen의 주관적 및 기능적 점수(subjective and functional score)를 이용해 족관절의 기능을 평가하였고, 관절경적 미세골절술을 시행한 22예와 변연절제술을 시행한 10예를 나누어 비교 분석하였다. 결과: 평균 족관절-후족부 점수는 술 전 53(${\pm}7$)점에서 최종 추시 84(${\pm}8$)점으로 유의한 향상을 보였고(P<0.001) 평균 주관적 및 기능적 점수도 술 전 55(${\pm}8$)점에서 최종 추시 88(${\pm}8$)점으로 술 전에 비해 유의한 향상을 보였다(P<0.001). 병변의 심한 정도와 술 후 족관절의 기능 점수와의 연관성은 없었으며(P>0.05) 관절경적 미세골절술을 시행한 군과 변연절제술을 시행한 군간의 결과 비교에서도 통계적으로 유의한 차이는 보이지 않았다(P>0.05). 결론: 거골의 골연골 병변 환자에서 관절경을 이용한 골연골성형술은 환자의 만족도와 기능적인 면에서 비교적 우수한 결과를 보였으나 변연절제술과 미세골절술간의 유의한 차이는 없었다.

• 대한정형외과스포츠의학회지
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.142-148
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• 2003

목적: 슬관절에 발생한 박리성 골연골염을 자가 골연골 이식술을 이용하여 치료한 후 치료 결과를 평가하였다. 대상 및 방법: 1990년 5월부터 2000년 5월까지 본원에서 자가 골연골 이식술을 사용하여 치료한 박리성 골연골염 환자 15명 19예 중 1 년 이상 추시가 가능하였던 13명 17예를 대상으로 하였다. 평균 연령은 23.4세 (20세$\~$32세)로, 전 예가 남자였으며, 평균 추시 기간은 24.2개월(12개월$\~$110개월)이었다 치료는 관절경적 방법 또는 관절 절개술을 이용하여 골연골 자가 이식 기구(OATS, Arthrex, USA)를 이용하였다 결과: 외상의 과거력이 전 예에서 존재하였으며, 명확한 주 외상력이 7예, 반복적인 경미한외상력이 10예였다. 병변의 위치는 대퇴 내과 11예 중, 확장된 전형적 위치가 9예, 하중앙부가 2예였으며, 대퇴 외과 6예는 모두 하중앙부에 위치하였다. 자기 공명 영상 분류상 II 등급은 1예, III 등급이 11예, IV등급이 5예였으며, 관절경적 분류상 III 등급이 12예, IV등급이 5예였다. 병변의 크기는 평균 3.19$cm^{2}$(1$cm^{2}$ $\~$ 8$cm^{2}$)이었다. 임상적으로 Aichroth의 기준에 의한 판정 결과는 우수 3예(18$\%$), 양호 11예 (65$\%$), 보통 2예 (12), 불량 1예 (5$\%$)로 83$\%$에서 양호 이상의 결과를 얻었다. 추시 자기 공명 영상 촬영 또는 관절경 검사상 이식된 관절면이 일치하고 만족할만한 연골 두께를 유지하며, 이식편의 침 강이나 이완 소견이 없음을 확인하였다. 결론: 자가 골연골 이식술의 치료 결과는 슬관절의 박리성 골연골염 중 병변의 크기가 크고($\geq$1$cm^{2}$),체중 부하 부위를 침범하는 병변, 및 불안정성 병변 (자기 공명 영상 또는 관절경 단계 $\geq$3)에 대하여 자가골연골 이식술의 치료를 고려해 볼 수 있음을 제시한다 그러나 자가 골연골 이식술의 임상적 인 유효성을 판정하기 위해서는 보다 장기적인 추시 관찰이 필요한 것으로 사료된다

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.190-193
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• 2014

Recurrent posterior shoulder instability is a debilitating condition that is relatively uncommon, but its diagnosis in young adults is increasing in frequency. Several predisposing factors for this condition have been identified, such as the presence of an abnormal joint surface orientation, an osteochondral fracture of the humeral head or glenoid cavity, and a postero-inferior capsuloligamentary deficit, but their relative importance remains poorly understood. Whilst, conservative treatment is effective in cases of hyperlaxity or in the absence of bone abnormality, failure of conservative treatment means that open or arthroscopic surgery is required. In general, soft-tissue reconstructions are carried out in cases of capsulolabral lesions in which bone anatomy is normal, whereas bone grafts have been required in cases where posterior bony Bankart lesions, glenoid defects, or posterior glenoid dysplasia are present. However, a consensus on the exact management of posterior shoulder instability is yet to be reached, and published studies are few with weak evidence. In our study, we report the reconstruction of the glenoid using iliac bone graft in a patient suffering recurrent posterior shoulder instability with severe glenoid bone defect.

• 대한족부족관절학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.49-54
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• 2018

Ankle sprains are among the most common injuries sustained during athletic activities and daily life. Acute ankle sprain is usually managed conservatively with functional rehabilitation but the failure of conservative treatment leads to the development of chronic ankle instability. The development of repetitive ankle sprains and persistent symptoms after injury has been termed chronic ankle instability. Acute ankle sprains and chronic ankle instability require a careful evaluation to detect other comorbidities, such as subtalar instability, osteochondral defect, peroneal tendinopathy, tarsal coalition, os trigonum, flexor hallucis longus tendinitis, calcaneus anterior process fracture, and neural injuries. For the successful treatment of acute ankle sprains and chronic ankle instability, the treatment of comorbidity lesions should be performed first.

• 대한족부족관절학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.26-30
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• 2012

The subtalar joint is a complex joint that is functionally responsible for inversion and eversion of the hindfoot. Advances in optical technology and surgical instrumentation have allowed the arthorscocpic surgeon to investiagate the small joints including the subtalar joint. Indications for subtalar arthroscopy include pain, swelling, stiffness and locking. Therapeutic indications include treatment of chondromalacia, osteophytes, arthrofibrosis, synovitis, loose bodies, osteochondral lesions, excision of a painful os trigonum, arthrodesis, and FHL tendinopathy. Contraindications to subtalar arthroscopy include infection, advanced osteoarthritis with deformity, severe edema, poor vascularity and poor skin quality. Subtalar arthroscopy is a technically demanding and difficult procedure that should only be performed by experienced surgeons. With proper instrumentation and careful operative techniques, satisfactory results may be obtained with minimal morbidity.