• 대한가정학회지
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• 제44권4호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2006

This study examines the esthetic characteristics in the haute couture work of Jean Paul Gaultier, who represents the fashion in France and is famous for avant-garde and experimental works through dismantling, from the first haute couture collection in 1997 to the present. The materials for the study are the precedent studies, the related literature, and the photographs of the works and the interview articles in domestic and international fashion journals. Three characteristics are revealed in his works. First of all, he provided a transcendental fashion different from the established wearing or ornamental ways by dismantling the dichotomies between male and female, time and space, and beauty and ugliness. Second, he reflected the decadent beauty recognized as representing women's sexual and provocative expression based on exposure, suppression, perversion, and grotesque manifestations by shaping an esthetic value within a different point of view. Finally, he was characterized as being transcendental with an eclectic fusion of intercultural differences or dynamics, items in costume formation, time and space, and eastern and western. This transcendental expression, Gaultier's desire for creativeness, can be an ideal characterizing this era.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.97-106
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• 2006

To strengthen the competitiveness of agricultural sector of the Korea, the direction of market trends on agriculture of the Malaysia was reviewed. The most dominating agricultural area in value is palm oil products, and forest products, sea products poultry products and rubber products is in order. The cultivated area of highest two top plants, oil palm and rubber, was about 4.4 million hectares in 2005, but it is decreasing year by year. Comparatively, rice field, pine apple and fruits tree cultivating area is increasing in tendency by the year. Among all the agricultural products, those items such as pork meat, poultry, egg were self-sufficient, rice, fruits, vegetables and sea products were about 70 to 80% self-sufficient, and beef meat, goat meat and milk were below 20% self-sufficient. Most of the grains, such as wheat, rice, barley, corn etc. and their processed food were imported. Also, temperate fruits such as apple, pear, and water cultivated as well as sprouting vegetables are imported. Ornamental products as cutting flowers and orchids are exported to mainly to the Singapore, but high quality temperate fruits and vegetables are imported from Australia. Oil palm exportation covers the balance of the other items imported and obtaining the foreign money as well in Malaysia.

• Mycobiology
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• 제47권4호
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• pp.408-414
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• 2019

Crinum asiaticum and Hymenocallis littoralis, commonly known as spider lilies are bulbous perennial and herbaceous plants that widely planted in Malaysia as ornamental. During 2015-2016, symptom of leaf blight was noticed on the hosts from several locations in Penang. The symptom appeared as irregular brown to reddish lesions surrounded by yellow halos. As the disease progressed, the infected leaves became blighted, dried, and fell off with the presence of black microsclerotia and pycnidia on the lesions parts. The present study was conducted to investigate the causal pathogen of leaf blight on C. asiaticum and H. littoralis. Based on morphological characteristics and DNA sequences of internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region and translation elongation factor 1-alpha (TEF1-α) gene, the causal pathogen was identified as Macrophomina phaseolina. Phylogenetic analysis of combined dataset of ITS and TEF1-α grouped the isolates studied with other isolates of M. phaseolina from GenBank. The grouping of the isolates was supported by 96% bootstrap value. Pathogenicity test proved the role of the fungus in causing leaf blight on both hosts.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.1-11
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to determine usability as potted flowers and garden plants by controlled plant height using growth retardants. There was no significant difference on the dwarfing effect according to the degree of exposure the sun, but growth was well under full exposure to the sun. The plant height was decreased by application of Cycocel (CCC), Bonzi (paclobutrzol), Ancymidol, and Uniconazole compared to the control group, and treatment of Bonzi $5mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ was most dwarfing effect for both full sun exposure or 70% controlled shading condition. No consistent different was found in stem diameter, leaf color change, the content of chlorophyll and anthocyanin when the concentration of plant growth retardants was altered. These factors were affected only by light intensity. In comparison to the results of the control group, leaf length, leaf width, plant width and petiole length were all reduced by the application of growth retardants.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.129-135
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• 2021

In this study, we built a mock-up of an indoor garden for private use and vertical gardens were installed on the walls of this indoor garden model. The purpose of this study is to examine the types of plants for best fit for growth and nurture in vertical garden and to identify the effects of indoor air quality improvement by these plants. As the result of the experiment, 22 species out of 32 species previously used for indoor garden was selected to be suitable for vertical gardens of a personal indoor garden. 10 species were found to be inappropriate for a personal indoor garden in terms of ornamental value, growth status and maintenance. The effect of plants on reducing CO2 has been proven by many studies. Also, through photosynthesis, plants combine CO2 with water and produce sugars and O2 (oxygen). Everyone accepts this fact. In nature, the production of oxygen is so important that without plants we would soon use it up and die. From the NASA Fact Sheet we know that air contains 20.95% O2 and 0.04% CO2. If you had enough plants in a room to use up all of the all of CO2 and convert it to oxygen, the oxygen levels would increase from 20.95% to 21%. This increase is difficult to detect and would have no effect on humans.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제50권
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• pp.207-214
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• 2023

Lindera obtusiloba (Lauraceae) is a dioecious tree that is widely distributed in the low-altitude montane forests of East Asia, including Korea. Despite its various pharmacological properties and ornamental value, the genetic diversity and population structure of this species in Korea have not been explored. In this study, we selected 6 nuclear and 6 chloroplast microsatellite markers with polymorphism or clean cross-amplification and used these markers to perform genetic diversity and population structure analyses of L. obtusiloba samples collected from 20 geographical regions. Using these 12 markers, we identified a total of 44 alleles, ranging from 1 to 8 per locus, and the average observed and expected heterozygosity values were 0.11 and 0.44, respectively. The average polymorphism information content was 0.39. Genetic relationship and population structure analyses revealed that the natural L. obtusiloba population in Korea is composed of 2 clusters, possibly due to two different plastid genotypes. The same clustering patterns have also been observed in Lindera species in mainland China and Japan.

• 한국화예디자인학연구
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• 제37호
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• pp.33-48
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• 2017

본 연구는 다문화 시대의 사회통합과 소통을 위한 정원활동에 대한 이론적 고찰을 토대로 하여 정원활동 프로그램을 개발하기 위한 원예식물 선호도와 원예활동에 대한 선호도를 조사하여 정원활동에 대한 프로그램을 개발하고자 하는데 있다. 본 연구에서 공동체 정원을 활용한 다문화 시대의 소통과 통합을 위한 정원활동 프로그램의 개발을 위하여 정원활동 및 원예 식물 선호도를 조사한 결과, 다문화인의 경우 꽃장식 및 공예활동, 실내 정원 및 실외 정원에서 식물기르기 활동 순으로 높게 조사되었으며, 내국인의 경우 식물을 이용한 요리활동, 실내 정원 및 실외정원에서 식물기르기 활동순으로 높게 나타났다. 식물 선호도에 있어서는 다문화인의 경우 식물 원산지와 다문화인의 본국의 환경적인 일치성으로 인해서 관엽식물이 가장 높게 조사되었으며 내국인의 경우에는 친환경 농산물에 대한 관심 및 최근 도시농업, 베란다 원예, 주말농장에 대한 수요 증가로 채소류에 대한 선호도가 높은 것을 알 수 있었다. 이러한 정원활동과 식물 분류에 대한 선호 결과를 토대로 소통과 사회통합을 위한 정원활동 프로그램은 정원 활동에의 가치를 생명존중의 가치, 돌봄에 의한 배려의 가치, 식물윤리에 의한 가치 3가지 영역으로 구분하였다. 구성된 8회기의 정원활동 프로그램이 다문화 시대의 사회통합과 소통에 적합한 프로그램인지를 알아보기 위하여 정원 및 다문화 분야 전문가를 대상으로 타당성 검증을 한 결과, 본 프로그램의 효과성을 입증할 수 있었다.

• 스마트미디어저널
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• 제12권11호
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• pp.211-221
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• 2023

문화·관광 융합 배경 하에 민간 예술과 문화 창작 제품의 효과적인 결합은 지역 문화 산업의 발전에 대단히 중요한 영향을 미친다. 쉬저우(徐州) 지엔즈(剪紙)는 중국 수베이(蘇北) 지역의 유일한 세계적인 '무형문화재' 프로젝트로 비교적 높은 인문학적·예술적 가치를 갖추고 있어 현대 디자인에 널리 사용된다. 현재 쉬저우 지엔즈 문화 창작 제품의 개발은 주로 2차원 평면 위주의 장식·관상적 작품으로 하는데, 형식이 단일하고 실용성이 강하지 않아, 현대인의 생활 미적 요구를 충족시킬 수 없었다. 본 연구에서는 쉬저우 왕구이잉(王桂英)의 지엔즈를 연구하여, 지엔즈 문화 창작 제품 개발 및 디자인 원칙을 제안했으며, 디자인 활용을 위해 왕구이잉의 전형적인 '거위' 패턴을 선택하여 문화 창작 제품 디자인에서 쉬저우 지엔즈 응용 가치에 대해 탐색하고 전문가의 인터뷰를 통해 디자인 원칙의 타당성을 입증했다. 본 연구가 지엔즈 문화의 현대적 계승과 혁신적인 발전을 위한 일정한 참고 자료로 제공되기를 바란다.

• 복식
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• 제22권
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• pp.263-276
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• 1994

The achievement of notable social reoforms attained during the period of 19th and 20th centuries needlessly speaking remodelded the social environmental into several different patterns such as :1) high industrialization 2) propensity to consume 3) up graded overall social stands. Accordingly the industrial world of the but-tons too established the mess production syhstem by breaking from convention of hand-craft work of 17th century. The raw materials used in the production line on buttons during the 20th century are almost all-kind of materials one can possibly named including cheap plastic which enabled production lines to produce cheaper but higher productivities of the buttons being produced, The design (incused design) used in the 19-20h centuries are : men landscape, sports features, birds, livestocks, bugs, or geomatric features, tec, 1, The classification o f the buttons by materials Techniques shapes colors marking (Incused design) used in the productionof buttons in the England United States of America Laska Italy france Denmark Japan and India are categolizzed as : natural raw materials and syntetical resines. 1) Of the natural raw materials used are : Matal Enamel Iodine Agate, Coral, Green jade(Jasper) Granite, Wood, Ivory, Horn and bone etc. 2) The sythetical resin used in the button in-dustries are : Artificial jewell glass Acrylic material Styroform Celluloid and Nylon etc. 2. The thecnique quoted in producing buttons are hand craft work inlay work precision casting press mosic dye etching, processing, engraving and embossed carving etc. 3. The major designs used in the buttons in -dustries are : Round shape however elliptical column angular and edge shape often used. 4. The colors used are : The multi-colors were highly used than mono-colored materials such as : Adjoining Color and Contrast Color. The highest consideration to be considered in choosing the colors for the buttons are harmonization and matching factor with the garment or dresses to be wore. 5. The major design(incused design) on the buttons are embodiment and the design were also used in order of abstractive-combination abstractive with has offers much surprising. The button industries during the 19th and 20th centuries were not only the determination factors those can judge the value of self-pride of Nation and which were far beyond the in-dustrial arts in those days but also highly refelected and influenced by cultural sense ideology and self-pride of the Nation of those period. The followings are details of the role of the buttons categolized in the order of functional ornamental and symbolical aspects : 1. The functional role : The functional role of the buttons were simply designed for dress how-ever the buttons beyond from this role of function now a days. 2. The ornamental role : The ornamental role of he button beyond from this role of the button were effectuated by : 1) shape materials colors 2) technique locations size and design (incused design) 3) The ramaterials used for buttons shall not be over looked because it is highly depends on the taste sense and combination of harmony with the garment to be wore. 4) The color of the buttons are made well contrasted with the color of garments just as in the case of other artistical area such as matchs with the color of garment of contrast with brigtness of colors contrasted as complementary color and so and so. 5) The technique being adoped are: precision casting press handcraft inlay work etching mosic etc,. Since the buttons are no longer a simple catching devise used to fasten together the different part of the dress but now it has formed own and occupied the independent role in the garment or dresses location can be de-termined and varying depending on the ideas of designers. The size of the buttons has no specific limits, However the variation has widely dependined on the entire circumperence rhythm contrast harmonization of the garments. 3. The symbolical role : Since the button is no longer a just a simple devise for catching and fastening device used fastening together the different part of the garments but now were built a independent area as major part of the Garment and well reflected all kinds of occupations political background cultural as-pect etc. on the buttons. The design of buttons in the western circles are more simplified but they are polished looks and their techniques of manufacturing are comination of both machanis and handcraft. The colors used in the buttons are pretty well harmonized with garment(dress). Almost all kind of materials can be used in the but-tons however materials used in the buttons are : Bone of livestocks ivory, turtle shell are no longer used because the prevention of cruely of animal. On the contraly the level of buttons indus-try of Korea is far to reach and catch up with the level of western circles. It is highly suggested therefore the but-tons industrial field of Republic of Korea shall place and encouragement in producing beter industrial environment of the buttons based on the traditional and cultural aspect of republic of Korea to produce both manufacturing of qulified and best designed and colored buttons.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.20-53
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• 1976

주요(主要) 조경수목(造景樹木)의 $SO_2$에 대(對)한 감수성(感受性) 및 저항성(抵抗性)을 구명(究明)하여서 우수(優秀)한 조경수종(造景樹種) 및 대기오염(大氣汚染) 정화수종(淨化樹種)을 선발(選拔)하는데 있어서의 학리적(學理的) 근거(根據)를 얻을 목적(目的)으로 가스 접촉시험(接觸試驗)과 아울러 공기오염도(空氣汚染度)가 극심(極甚)한 서울시내(市內) 각처소(各處所)에서 생육(生育)하고 있는 주요(主要) 가로수(街路樹)에 대(對)하여 계절(季節)에 따른 엽내(葉內) S함량(含量)의 증가현상(增加現象)을 조사(調査)하여 공기중(空氣中) 아황산(亞黃酸)가스에 대(對)한 내성(耐性)과 가스흡수(吸收)에 의(依)한 공기정화능력(空氣淨化能力)에 대(對)하여 연구(硏究)한 결과(結果) 다음과 같은 결론(結論)을 얻었다. 1. 아황산(亞黃酸)가스 접촉(接觸)에 대(對)한 수종별(樹種別) 감수성(感受性) 1) 공시수종(供試樹種) 범위(範圍)에 있어서 피해엽(被害葉) 연반면적(煙斑面積)의 크기를 기준(基準)으로 한 아황산(亞黃酸)가스 접촉(接觸)에 대(對)한 내성순위(耐性順位)는 대체(大體)로 무궁화, 은행나무, 개나리, 수수꽃다리, 일본(日本)잎갈나무, 리기다소나무의 순위(順位)이며 특(特)히 무궁화와 은행나무는 아황산(亞黃酸)가스에 대(對)하여 강(强)하고 리기다소나무와 일본잎갈나무는 약(弱)하며 수수꽃다리와 개나리는 그 중간(中間)에 속한다. 2) 엽중(葉中) 유황함량(硫黃含量)은 접촉(接觸)가스의 농도증가(濃度增加)에 따라서 증가(增加)하며 수종별(樹種別)로는 침엽수종(針葉樹種)이 활엽수종(濶葉樹種)에 비(比)해서 함량(含量)이 적은 경향(傾向)이나 침엽수종중(針葉樹種中)에서도 은행나무는 그 함량(含量)이 활엽수(濶葉樹)와 비등(比等)하게 높다. 3) 수목(樹木)의 생장초기엽(生長初期葉)(6월접촉(月接觸))은 1ppm을 한계(限界)로 하는 각농도(各濃度)에서 모든 수종(樹種)에서 엽내(葉內) S함량(含量)이 가스농도(濃度)에 정비례적(正比例的)인 증가경향(增加傾向)을 보이나 농도간(濃度間)의 격차(隔差)는 그리 크지 않았다. 4) 생장후기엽(生長後期葉)(10월(月) 접촉(接觸))은 모든 수종(樹種)에서 전체적(全體的)으로 생장초기엽(生長初期葉)보다 엽내(葉內) S함량(含量)이 많아지며 또한 각농도(各濃度)에 있어서 모든 수종(樹種)의 엽내(葉內) S함량(含量)의 농도(濃度)에 따른 격차(隔差)가 심(甚)한 동시에 가스농도(濃度)에 따라서 정비례적(正比例的)인 증가(增加)를 보이지 않고 S흡수농도(吸收濃度)에 한계(限界)가 있음을 나타낸다. 즉(即) 활엽수종(濶葉樹種)인 수수꽃다리, 무궁화, 개나리의 S흡수한계농도(吸收限界濃度)는 0.6mg/L부근이다. 따라서 S흡수한계농도(吸收限界濃度) 구명(究明)에는 성숙엽(成熟葉)을 재료(材料)로 사용(使用)함이 가(可)함을 말해준다. 5) 무궁화, 수수꽃다리, 개나리는 부정아(不定芽) 발생(發生)에 의(依)한 맹아재생력(萠芽再生力)이 강(强)해서 전체엽(全體葉)이 피해(被害)를 받아도 회복(回復)되는 힘이 강(强)하다. 6) 연반(煙斑)의 색조(色調)는 수종(樹種)에 따라 상이(相異)하며 은행나무는 선명(鮮明)한 황갈색(黃褐色), 무궁화는 백색(白色), 수수꽃다리는 오갈색(汚褐色), 리기다소나무는 선명(鮮明)한 황갈색(黃褐色) 또는 적갈색(赤葛色)을 보인다. 7) 엽부위별(葉部位別) 감수성(感受性)은 엽록(葉緣)이 감수성(感受性) 부위(部位)였고 주맥(主脈)의 부착점(附着點)의 엽신부(葉身部) 즉(即) 엽저부분(葉底部分)이 현저(顯著)한 내성(耐性)을 띠운다. 또한 은행나무와 일본잎갈나무에 있어서는 신엽(新葉)이 성숙엽(成熟葉)(2년생엽(年生葉))에 비(比)해서 내성(耐性)이 더 강(强)하다. 2. 서울시내(市內) 각처소(各處所)의 조경수목(造景樹木)의 엽내유황(葉內硫黃) 함량(含量)과 대기오염(大氣汚染) 1)서울시내(市內) 각처소(各處所)의 조경수목(造景樹木)의 엽내(葉內) 유황함량(硫黃含量)은 비오염지(非汚染地)의 대조엽(對照葉)에 비(比)하여 보다 현저(顯著)히 큰 수치(數値)를 나타내며 각(各) 수종(樹種)의 유황(硫黃) 흡수능(吸收能)은 그 대조수목(對照樹木)의 비오염지(非汚染地)에서의 엽내(葉內) 유황함유도(硫黃含有度)에 비례(比例)하여 크며 능수버들, 은행나무, 가중나무, 양버즘나무, 미류나무등(等)이 그 흡수능(吸收能)이 높았다. 2) 엽중(葉中) 유황함량(硫黃含量)의 순위(順位)를 종합(綜合)하면 함량(含量)이 가장 많은 처소(處所)가 서울역전(驛前), 아현동(阿峴洞)고개, 이화여대(梨花女大) 입구(入口)등이며, 동숭동(東崇洞), 동대문(東大門), 을지로(乙支路) 입구(入口), 서대문(西大門)등이 그 중간(中間)이며 덕수궁(德壽宮), 경복궁(景福宮), 창덕궁(昌德宮), 창경원(昌慶苑), 혜화동(惠化洞) 로타리 등이 가장 적은 처소(處所)이다.