• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.33 no.7
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• pp.802-808
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• 1996

PbTiO3 thin films were fabricated onto MgO(100) single crystal substrate by reactive D. C magnetron sput-tering of Pb and Ti metal in an oxygen and argon gas mixture. The annealing of the thin films resulted in the decrease of both the c-axis orientation ratio and the lattice parameter. It is well known that the c-axis lattice parameter of thin film is dependent on the Pb/(Pb+Ti)ratio and the residual stress in the film The PbTiO3 thin films with a Pb/(Pb+T) ratio ranging from 0.45 to 0.57 were fabricated and annealed. The structure of the film the c-axis orientation ratio and the lattice parameter were not dependent on the Pb/(Pb+Ti) ratio before and after annealing. These experimental results proved that the decrease of the c-axis lattice parameter under the annealing conditions was due to the relaxation of the intrinsic stress in the film. This relaxation of the intrinsic stress caused the decrease of the c-axis orientation ratio and this phenomenon can be explained by c-axis growth lattice model.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry, and Cartography Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.211-218
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• 2003

The purpose of this study is to analyze the interior orientation, relative orientation, absolute orientation, space intersection, space resection, computing the orientation parameter, 3-dimensional coordinates by using the EXCE for educational purpose.

• Fibers and Polymers
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.206-218
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• 2005

Structural studies of series of 'as spun' and drawn PEEK fibers have been carried out using X-ray diffraction and optical microscopy techniques. The analysis of results suggest that fibers produced at a constant draw ratio with increasing draw temperatures show enhanced orientation and crystalline behaviour. The resolved equatorial and meridional traces provide additional structural parameters in terms of crystallinity, crystallite size, and crystallite thickness. It is concluded that drawing at a temperature below $T_g(i.e.,\;144^{\circ}C)$ results in poorly oriented non-crystalline materials, whereas drawing above $T_g$ results in highly oriented semi crystalline materials. Additional drawing proved to increase the overall orientation with slight improvements in lateral order of the chain molecules. Quantitative analysis revealed that the crystallite size increases with increasing drawing temperature. The results also revealed the increased crystallite size upon additional drawing. Crystalline orientation parameter, $_c$, suggests almost perfect orientation. In all cases, the amorphous orientation is found to be lower than the overall orientation parameter obtained from the optical birefringence. As a result of additional drawing, crystalline orientation was found to increase slightly but the increase in the orientation of non-crystalline material was found to be substantial. An average crystalline density was determined from the orthorhombic unit cell dimensions. It was found to vary as a result of processing conditions. It was also found that the value of the maximum birefringence shows heavy dependence on the chain conformation.

• Journal of Power System Engineering
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.91-98
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• 2014

In this investigation, the effect of crack orientation on spatial randomness of fatigue crack growth rate (FCGR) in friction stir welded (FSWed) 7075-T651 aluminum alloy joints has been statistically analyzed by Weibull distribution. The fatigue crack growth tests are conducted under three different constant stress intensity factor range (SIFR) control at room temperature with R = 0.1 and frequency 10Hz on compact tension (CT) specimen machined at base metal (BM) and weld metal (WM). The experimental fatigue crack growth rate data were obtained for two types of specimens having LT and TL orientations. LT specimens both base metal and weld metal showed higher fatigue crack growth rate as compared to TL specimens. In the lower SIFR region, FCGR were found to be almost 3 times higher in higher SIFR region. The shape parameter of Weibull both LT and TL orientation for FCGR was increased with increasing SIFR, the scale parameter was also increased with increasing SIFR. The smallest value of the shape parameter was shown in weld metal specimens having LT orientation at lower SIFR region.

• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.129-136
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• 2001

The accuracy of GPS applications is heavily dependent on the satellite ephemeris and earth orientation parameter. Specially applications like as the real time monitoring of troposphere and ionosphere require real time or predicted ephemeris arid earth orientation parameter with very high quality. IGS is producing IGS ultra rapid product called IGU for real time applications which includes the information of ephemeris and earth orientation. IGU is being made available twice everyday at 3:00 and 15:00 UTC arid covers 48 hours. The first 24 hours of it are based on actual GPS observations and the second 24 hours extrapolated. We will construct the processing strategy for yielding ultra rapid product and demonstrate the propriety through producing it using 48 hours data of 32 stations.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.30 no.9
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• pp.2087-2092
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• 2009

We performed molecular dynamics simulations on dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine lipid bilayer with 50 mol% halothane. The structural properties, electron density profile, segmental order parameter of acyl chains, headgroup orientation distribution, water dipole orientation distribution, have been examined. Overall the effects of the halothane molecules on structural properties of DMPC lipid bilayer were found to be small. The electron density profiles, the segmental order parameter, the headgroup orientation, the water dipole orientation were not affected significantly by the halothane molecules. Pressure tensor calculations shows that the lateral pressure increases at the hydrocarbon tail region and the headgroup region, and decreases at the water-headgroup interfacial region.

• Journal of the Korea Computer Graphics Society
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 2011

We present a new technique for constructing a sweep surface using two-parameter motion. Firstly, a new rational B-spline motion with two parameters is introduced, which is obtained by extending its orientation curve and scaling curve to surface counterparts. A sweep surface is then defined by a single vertex v under the two-parameter motion and allows to represent different u-directional iso-curves depending on parameter ${\upsilon}$. Efficient techniques for modeling and editing the surface are achieved by intuitively controlling the two-parameter motion. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our technique with experimental results on modeling and editing a 3D propeller model.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Railway
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.163-168
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• 2003

This paper considers the sound radiation characteristics of a cracked rectangular vibrating plate, varying the orientation angle of a line crack. The vibration response of the cracked vibrating plate is obtained by using ANSYS, the acoustic theory based on the lumped parameter model is used to calculate radiated sound power. The radiated sound powers are computed with varying the orientation angle of the crack: i.e, 0$^{\circ}$, 45$^{\circ}$, and 90$^{\circ}$. It is found that characteristics of the radiated sound power are very closely related to the crack orientation, vibration mode and crack location.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.92-99
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• 2021

In this research, it was investigated the competence of Korean salesmen in the insurance business(B2C, consumer goods marketing) and information communication industry(B2B, industrial goods marketing) at the individual level rather than the organizational level. The salesperson's Guanxi ability means the salesperson's ability to create, maintain, develop the Guanxi ability. Namely, it was investigated whether the Korean salesman's Guanxi ability is the effective and persuasive concept in explaining the sales performance(company performance, business performance). The purpose of this paper was to verify which variables, among Guanxi ability and customer orientation, better explain the sales performance of salespeople. The Western concept of marketing that is closest to Guanxi is the concept of the customer-orientation that is based on the theory of relationship exchange. Confucian culture in the East is the construct concept, Guanxi is the measurement. The relational exchange theory in the West is the construct concept, customer orientation is the measurement. As the result of the analysis, we found that the Guanxi proved a greater correlation with sales performance than customer orientation. In the information technology industry, there was a big difference compared to insurance industry, whereas Guanxi and customer orientation had a similar level of correlation with sales performance. In the case of the insurance industry, we found that the Guanxi and sales performance were significant but the customer orientation and sales performance were not. This means that sales performance can be accurately and sufficiently explained only by adding the Guanxi ability in addition to customer orientation. The result of analyzing the mediating effect of the Guanxi ability between customer orientation and company performance, customer orientation was significant with Guanxi, and customer orientation and company performance were also significant. But, when the Guanxi was used as the parameter, the Guanxi was significant with company performance, but the customer orientation was not. Even when the dependent variable was business performance, when the Guanxi was used as the parameter, we found that the Guanxi was significant with the business performance, but the customer orientation was not. Namely, it proved Guanxi ability and customer orientation are completely independent concepts. In addition, we found that the information technology industry, unlike the insurance industry, mediated the Guanxi ability between customer orientation and sales performance. We confirmed that in the future, salespeople should not only rely on rational methods to maintain and reinforce customer relationships, but must consider the emotional factors through empathy with customers.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Technology Engineers
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.327-333
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• 2015

As industrial robots come into wider use, their control techniques are being developed along with enhancements in their performance. Specially, the dynamic performance of a 6-axis articulated industrial robot is greatly changed according to the position and orientation of the robot. This means that the PI parameter tuning of the robot and orientation of the robot. This mconsidering the dynamic characteristics of robot mechanism. In this study, $LabView^{(R)}$ programming was applied to automatically conduct parameter scheduling for various robot motions. Using forward and inverse kinematics of RS2, we can divide the working envelope of RS2 into 24 subspaces. We then conduct the gain-tuning according to each subspace. Finally, we program the actual gain scheduling, in which the optimized gain-tuning for each subspace to be passed should be changed for various robot motions using $LabView^{(R)}$.