• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.540-547
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• 2009

There needs disease-predictable signs in order to enable preventive diagnosis and therapy. Then traditional Chinese medicine applies various medical diagnostic equipments used in western medicine to diagnosing sub-healthy state. But such data are not originated from inherent oriental medicine, and not obtained easily in ordinary clinical practice. This paper is to provide synopsis of the ante-disease diagno-therapeutics partly and to show predictable data based on the facial shapes and signs, especially of gall bladder's versus bladder's body and masculine versus feminine shape. Ante-disease means not only the complete healthy state, but also the state unseen any symptoms in macrographically in the course of outbreak of disease. It contains two stages, first one is the former state of disease and second one is untransmitted state of disease. The patterns of ante-disease consist of latent disease, pre-disease, transmission type like senescent syndrome, abnormal reactive syndrome(變證), syndrome of transmission and transmutation. The classification with gall bladder and bladder type manifests the differences of shape, color and size of each organ in comparison of the universal and standard figures of the human being. On the other hand, the classification with masculine and feminine shape contrasts the innate sexual difference and the shape, characteristics originated from in itself. These two classification theories have their own pathologic types and syndrome types with each disease so that disease-predictable data can be constructed based on such a relationship. In addition, this diagnostic method by facial shapes and signs is able to be applied to whole stages from prenatal to present state of disease even if the cause and inducement are not clear. Ante-disease diagno-theraputic system by Gall Bladder's versus Bladder's Body and Masculine versus Feminine Shape is getting more important in the chronic and internal disease in comparison of the acute and traumatic disease. So this study is able to make up for the limit of diagnosis on ante-disease in the field of oriental medicine clinic.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.332-357
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• 1997

The purpose of study is for the defining the diagnostic criteria of Jung-Pung (中風) which are confused or unclear partially or Oriental Medicine. The results were obstained as follows ; 1. The Diagnosis of Jung-Pung (中風) can be accomplished by the name of disease, symptomatic classification, Byun-Jeung (辨證), stage, assessment of neurological deficit. 2. The various expressive way on the names of Jung-Pung (中風) can be unified as Jung-Pung (中風). 3. The symptomatic classification of Jung-Pung (中風) can be Jung-Kyung-Rak (中經絡) and Jung-Jang-Bu (中臟腑) by unconsciousness. 4. The subclassification of Jung-Kyung-Rak(中經絡) is Kanyangpokhang Punghwa sangyo (肝陽暴亢 風火上擾證), PungDamErHyul BiJoMaecRak (風痰瘀血 痺阻脈絡證), DamYeolBusil PoongDamSangYo (痰熱腑實 風痰上擾證), KiHerhyulEr (氣虛血瘀證), YeumHer PungDong (陰虛風動證) and Jung-Jang-Bu (中臟腑) is PungHwa SangYo CheongGeu (風火上擾淸竅證), DamSeupMongSac ShimSin (痰濕蒙塞心神證), DamYeolNaeFe ShimGeu (痰熱內閉心竅證), WonKiFaeTal ShimSinChakRan(元氣敗脫心神錯亂證) 5. The classification of stages can be divided as stroke stage, convalescent stage, complicated deficit stage. 6. In Oriental Medicine there were few assessment methods of neurological deficit. Therefore we need to develop new assessment system or modification of Western Medicine. The Standardization in the diagnosis of Jung-Pung (中風) has not been well established, even though we had have many clinical experiences. So it is necessary to make a accurate diagnosis that can be done by multiple diagnostic assessment. Therefore the accurate diagnosis of Jung-Pung (中風) can be done by 5 factors, they are the name of diagnosis, symptomatic classification, Byun-Jeung (辨證), stage, the assessment of neurological dificit. And it can be applied in the planning of treatment.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.612-623
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• 2018

Objective: The aim of this research was to investigate the current status and limitations of the clinical use of a pulse tonometry device (PTD). Methods: We searched online medical databases, including Oriental Medicine Advanced Searching Integrated System (OASIS), Research Information Sharing Service (RISS), DataBase Periodical Information Academic (DBpia) and PubMed, for clinical studies of metabolic diseases that used PTD. We selected articles on the clinical application of the PTD but excluded duplicate articles, clinical studies without the PTD, and non-clinical studies. In the first screening, 551 articles were selected. Ultimately, we found 10 articles and classified the articles according to the following diseases: hyperlipidemia, diabetes, overweight and obesity, hypertension, and metabolic disease. Results: Of the 10 selected articles, 4 were focused on hypertension. Two articles were focused on overweight or obesity and two articles were focused on the metabolic disease. Conclusions: This study was the first attempt to conduct a systematic review on clinical studies of metabolic disease using the PTD as a primary outcome. We suggest that the standard of pulse wave parameters and operating procedures for the PTD should be further developed. The results of this study are expected to be used as basic information for the planning and progression of clinical studies of metabolic syndrome using PTD.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.718-724
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• 2008

In order to classify diseases of oriental medicine in liaison with International Classification of Diseases, there should be intermediation and sharing concepts between the two in addition to proper classification. Classification units were settled for differentiation of diseases or syndromes first. And second, the standard forms of disease classification system were proposed. Third, this classification system was made of serial groupings of syndrome under the traditional disease name. Fourth, the location of disease and the interrelation between different syndromes were depicted with diagram in order to define more clearly. As the results and conclusion, The classification units were composed of 2 categories; topology, organ, meridian, somatic structure, body fluid units for description and various regulatory unit terms of western and traditional medicine for explanation. The mixed classification model of western diseases and traditional syndromes(證) was adopted as a fundamental classification system containing disease by exterior pathogen, systemic internal diseases, psychoneuronal diseases, metabolic diseases, diseases of sense organs, supportive structure diseases, obstetric-gynecology diseases, child diseases, 4-type constitutional diseases. And those were differentiated with generalized, localized, functional, oncogenic, environmental features in detail. The cause, site, condition, dispositions must be expressed in each disease name too. The types of diagnosis using classification system are principal and final diagnosis, principal procedure, main conditions, and these are applied to this Korean classification system equally. For more clarification of differentiation, a plane topological map and three dimensional coordinates were proposed to manifest the location, features and relation of disease itself or each other.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.20 no.3 s.39
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• pp.9-17
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• 1999

Objectives: Recently a renovation of the medical-welfare system to reflect the changes of disease spectrum with the demographic changes of society, the increase in income level, and marked concerns for health promotion has been demanded. In accordance with this, attempts have been made to actively integrate traditional medicine based on symptom-differentiated treatment and Western medicine based on disease treatment so that they can complement each other. China has already tried a complementary medical treatment system integrating traditional Chinese and Western medicine. So, this article reviewed major advances in research on integrated traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine in China. Methods: The authors analyzed data from clinical articles and experimental works in the ' Chinese Journal of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine' Results and conclusions: Each department attempted to integrate Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM) and Western Medicine in treatment of various diseases such as malaria, AIDS, and intoxication (rarely found in Korea clinically). Especially in the departments of surgery, dentistry, radiology, and anesthesiology we could see the frequent use of combined treatment. TCM and Western medicine complemented each other very successfully, and the effect of the combined therapy was superior to that of traditional therapy alone. There were diverse methods for therapy in integrated TCM and Western medicine; bath-Tx, physical-Tx, manipulative-Tx, drug -acupuncture, Tibetan medicine, etc. were available in therapy as well as traditional methods such as acupuncture, moxibustion, and negative- Tx. The way of producing Chinese medications were diversified and formulated; making new prescriptions, compounding various kinds of new medicine called' Zhong Cheng Yao' (中成藥) which were easily made, stored, and taken. 'Diagnosis Criteria', 'The effect of TCM Treatment Criteria' were made by committee and broadly used for objectifying diagnosis, discriminating effects of treatments and treatment development, and developing new medical products.

• Journal of The Association for Neo Medicine
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.55-84
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• 1997

Inferential structure and reality problem is a serious issue to O.M.(oriental medicine). The study will analyze this issue through a philosophical and historical comparative study of W.M.M(Western modern medicine) and O.M. First, I presuppose some basic ideas. The first is the division of the 'the philosophy of medicine' and 'the medicine itself'. Second, there is a 'visibility' that discriminate between 'the abstractive concept' and 'the concrete object' in diagnostic terminology. The third is the separation of disease, the entity and disease, the phenomenon. Finally, the distinction between the cause of disease and the nature of disease. Through these basic concepts, this study will analyze O.M's diagnostic methodology, 'Pattern identification of the S.A.S(sign and symptom)'. The results are follows: 1. O.M's views disease as a phenomenon. So, the S.A.S, which is visible, is the disease itself. Tough the analysis and inference of the S.A.S, 證(zheng) the essence is derived. 2. 證(zheng) can be considered as 'the abstractive concept' reflecting the essence of a disease. 3. 證(zheng) is not arrived through causal sequence reasoning but rather by analogical reasoning. 4. 證(zheng) is 'the non-random correlative combination of S.A.S', pattern. These patterns secure the abstractive deduction in reality. that is, The causality, the positivism, the view of disease as entity, and anatomical knowledge are the traits peculiar to W.M.M. But, these properties can not be applied universally to every medical systems. Also, these properties do not indicate the superiority or inferiority of any medical system. 5. 證(zheng) summarizes the patients condition simultaneously with the S.A.S. However, 證(zheng) doesn't necessarily indicate the knowledge about the actual internal organ. That is, Early in O.M.'s history, the diagnostic terminologies including 證(zheng) were analogical reflections of a naive knowledge of internal organs and external environmental factors. Later, the naive knowledge in 證(zheng) changed int new nature, an abstractive concept. The confusion of the concept of disease, the indiscriminate acceptance of Western anatomical knowledge, and the O.M.'s theoretical evolution et are the challenge facing modern O.M. To find solutions, this study looks at the sequence of the birth of W.M.M. and then compares it's system with the O.M. system. The confusion of the concept of disease, the indiscriminate acceptance of Western anatomical knowledge, and the O.M.'s theoretical evolution et are the challenge facing modern O.M. To find solutions, this study looks at the sequence of the birth of W.M.M. and then compares it's system with the O.M. system. It is recommended that O.M. diagnostics should pay close attention to the ambiguity of the diagnostic methodology in order to further development. At present time, the concept and the system peculiar to O.M. can not be explained by common language. but O.M.'s practitioner can not persist in this manner an: longer. Along with the internal development of O.M., the adjustment of O.M.'s diagnostic terminology needs to be adopted.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.609-614
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• 2004

Multiple Sclerosis(MS) is an acquired, demyelinating disease of the central nervous system. Clinically, it is characterized by episodes of focal disorder of the optic nerves, spinal cord, and brain, which remit to varying extent and recur over a period of many years. The average age at diagnosis is 30, typically starting between the ages of 15 and 50. Women are affected at least twice as often as men. It is more common in persons of northern European heritage and those living furthest from the equator. The diagnosis of MS is based on a history of multiple attacks of neurologic lesions over time that affect different parts of the central nervous system. A case of MS was confronted. The patient was treated with Cheongsimyonjaum-gami(淸心蓮字飮加味), YangMyung channel(陽明) and had significant improvement was seen.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.14-27
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• 2002

Objective : The aim of this study is to reveal the meaning of Shi-Dong-Bing and Suo-Sheng-Bing through investigating the origin of Shi-Dong-Bing and Suo-Sheng-Bing. Methods : We analyzed and compared the meridian symptoms of "ju Bi Shi Yi Mai Jiu Jing, "Ju Bi", "Yin Yang Shi Yi Mai Jiu Jing" and "Lin Shu Jing Mai". Results : Suo-Sheng-Bing seems to have been originated from the meridian symptoms of "Ju Bi" and Shi-Dong-Bing is different from the meridian symptoms of "Ju Bi". therefore two meridian symptoms differ in the source of formation and they seems to be different concerning recognition system for disease. Conclusion : Shi-Dong-Bing is the meridian symptoms, in case of feeling abnormal beat by pulse diagnosis, and this pulse diagnosis method is comparative pulse diagnosis method that compare all the pulse point of every meridians. Suo-Sheng-Bing seems to be the meridian symptoms describing the disease of somatic surface with making reference to meridian-circulating positions, afterward have been increased to the related internal organ's disease.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.837-845
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• 2010

It has been shown that bilateral decrease of point H4,5,6 in Ryodoraku test is related with gastric dysmotility. This suggested that the system of Kyung-Rak related with anatomical gastric disease may not be the Stomach Meridian, in the view that the system of Kyung-Rak is similar to that of Ryodoraku, and which was not consistent with classical contents of Kyung-Rak principle. Therefore, this paper was done to investigate whether bilateral decrease of point H4,5,6 is a general sign of common gastric disease in Ryodoraku test and to study its relation between Kyung-Rak principle and autonomic nervous system as a mediator explaining Ryodoraku response. As shown in the results of this study, different electrical response of Ryodoraku between patients with dyspepsia of gastric dysmotility and gastric ulcer revealed discrepancy of location indicating anatomical stomach between Kyung-Rak principle and Ryodoraku and instability of explanation of autonomic nerve theory to Ryodoraku. Thus, it presented the possibility that artificial application of Kyung-Rak principle against Ryodoraku may destroy its originality in the clinical field. To correctly use Ryodoraku in the diagnosis or evaluation of disease, Ryodoraku test should be used according to Nakatani's suggestion and clinical indication of which is limited to the diseases complicated with dysfunction of the autonomic nervous system.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.10-17
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• 2011

Background: Vibration response imaging (VRI) is a new technology that records energy generated by airflow during the respiration cycle. Analysis of lung sound using VRI may overcome the limitations of auscultation. Objectives: To set a VRI standard for healthy Koreans, we conducted a clinical assessment to evaluate breath sound images and quantification in healthy subjects and compared the findings with reported breath sound characteristics. Methods: Recordings were performed using the VRIxp. Eighty subjects took a deep breath four times during a 12-second interval while sitting upright. The quantitative aspect was analyzed using the VRI quantitative lung data (QLD) for total left lung, total right lung and for six lung regions: left upper lung (LUL), left middle lung (LML), left lower lung (LLL), right upper lung (RUL), right middle lung (RML), right lower lung (RLL). The qualitative aspect was provided through image assessments by three reviewers. Results: In all regions the left lung had significantly higher QLD than the right lung (P<0.005, paired t-test). The inter-rater agreement was 0.78. 84% of the images were found normal by the final assessment. Among the 16% (n=13) of images with abnormal final assessment, the most common flawed features were dynamic image (77%, n=10) and maximum energy frame (MEF) shape (77%, n=10). No significant differences were found between males and females for QLD but there were significant differences in qualitative aspects including dynamic images, MEF shape, and missing LLL. Conclusion: The characteristics of healthy Koreans are similar to those of Western subjects reported previously. VRI is easy to use and objective, and so is helpful to diagnose patients with respiratory diseases and to monitor the progress of diseases after medical treatments.