• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.69-74
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• 2006

The captive breeding biology of the Oriental white stork (Ciconia boyciana) was studied over 3 breeding periods. Both the male and female participated in nest building, but the male started to build the nest earlier and spent much time. Time used to build the nest was steadily increased to the egg laying. The copulations were observed $30{\pm}10.53$ (n=3) times in a breeding period. Both male and female incubated their eggs but the female spent more time than the male did. The chicks were hatched $32{\pm}1.29$ (n=6) days after egg laying. Not only the male but also the female took part in the rearing chicks. The male spent more time than the female as chicks grew. The results of this study are useful to assess the ecological soundness of the breeding pair and facilitate the breeding environment in captive breeding of the Oriental white stork.

• 한국임상수의학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국임상수의학회 2009년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.269-269
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• 2009

• Proceedings of the National Institute of Ecology of the Republic of Korea
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• 제2권4호
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• pp.293-297
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• 2021

The oriental stork (Ciconia boyciana) is listed as an endangered species internationally. Its resident population has been extirpated in South Korea since 1971. Its predicted historical habitat included forests (54%), rice paddy fields (28%), grasslands (17%), river-streams (less than 1%), and villages (less than 1%) based on pre-extirpation records in a previous study. However, habitat attributes of recently reintroduced oriental storks since 2015 remain unknown. To examine habitat use patterns and home ranges of recently reintroduced oriental storks, 2015-2017 tracking data of 17 individuals were used to analyze their spatial attributes with a Kernel Density Estimate method and breeding status. Their habitat use patterns from peripheral to core areas were highly associated with increasing rice paddy fields (26%) and decreasing forested areas (55%). Scale-dependent home ranges were 51% smaller for breeders than for non-breeders on average. Our study results highlight that the habitat use pattern of reintroduced oriental storks seems to be comparable to the historical pattern where the used area is likely to be more centralized for breeders than for non-breeders in South Korea. Furthermore, the direction of habitat management for oriental storks should focus on biodiversity improvement of rice paddy fields with chemical free cultivation and irrigation.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.191-196
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• 2010

The Oriental White Stork (Ciconia boyciana) and the Crested Ibis (Nipponia nippon) are wetland species listed as "Endangered" on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. The two species were once common on the Korean peninsula, but have experienced a severe population reduction in the past decades. Currently, they are officially extinct in Korea. At present, reintroduction programs to release the birds to the wild are in progress in Korea as well as in Japan. In this study, we surveyed the historic breeding sites of the two species using the literature and face-to-face interviews with local people as a step toward determining appropriate breeding habitats for reintroduction. We found 26 historic breeding sites for the Oriental White Stork in Chungcheong-do and Gyeonggi-do, but did not find any breeding sites for the Crested Ibis. These findings suggest that the Oriental White Stork was resident, while the Crested Ibis was a winter visitor to Korea. Based on these results, we discuss the possibilities for successful reintroduction of the two species in Korea.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제54권5호
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• pp.659-665
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• 2016

We intended to describe a case of chaunocephalosis and morphological characteristics of its causative agent, Chaunocephalus ferox, recovered from an oriental white stork, Ciconia boyciana, in the Republic of Korea. An oriental white stork was referred to the Wildlife Center of Chungbuk in Korea in February 2014 for severe depression with cachexia and it died the next day. At necropsy, the stomach was severely expanded and 7 thick-walled nodules were observed in the upper part of the intestine. Although the stomach was filled with full of foreign materials, the intestine was almost empty. The nodules were globular and total 9 flukes were recovered. They were $8,030-8,091{\mu}m$ in length and $3,318-3,333{\mu}m$ in maximum width. Because the flukes had bulbous forebody with short narrow subcylindrical hindbody, 27 collar spines, and vitelline follicles not reaching to the posterior end, the specimens were identified as being C. ferox. The cyst formation induced thickening of the intestinal wall with narrowing of the lumen that could have contributed to the gastric impaction to the death of the host. This is the first described case of chaunocephalosis and its causative agent C. ferox found from an oriental white stork in Korea.

• 환경생물
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.307-313
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• 2012

The Oriental White Stork (Ciconia boyciana) is a representative wetland species distributed across East Asia. The species has been declined to face the threat of species extinctions with estimation of at about 3000 individuals. In order to re-introduce the endangered storks in the field, we developed a baseline model using the program VORTEX, performed sensitivity test, and finally suggested an ideal model based on results of the sensitivity test. The baseline model predicted 12.5% extinction probability with mean time to first extinction of 82.0 year. Sensitivity test revealed that two demographic variables (first-year mortality and percent of adult female breeding) had the greatest impacts on population persistence. Thus, corrected model improved the population persistence, where the extinction probability decreased to 1.0% in 100 years by changing values of two variables within a range of applicable to the population. Our models for stork re-introduction suggest this population will be stable by improving first-year mortality and adult female fecundity.

• 한국환경교육학회지:환경교육
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.82-96
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• 2010

Currently, biodiversity conservation is regarded as one of the most important environmental issues in the 21st century. However, The educational approaches on biodiversity conservation is not actively developed. This study was conducted to develop the educational program on biodiversity conservation related with endangered species conservation for improving elementary and middle school girl students' knowledge on biodiversity, inspiring the value and importance of biodiversity, and improving the attitude toward the conservation of biodiversity. Because the biodiversity loss of wetlands such as rice-fields, rivers, marshes has made the breeding population of Oriental White Stork(Ciconia boyciana) endangered in Korea, this subject was very effective for students to learn the cause and effect of biodiversity loss realistically. The education program was conducted to 68 local elementary and middle girl students from 2007 to 2009 and consists of three main activities such as feeding on storks in captivity, sampling living organisms in rice-fields, and designing the future stork living village. The results didn't show a positive effect on improving the knowledge on the biodiversity, but a positive effect on improving the attitude toward the conservation of biodiversity. And the number of taxa that students noticed in rice-fields has increased significantly. In conclusion, this educational program promoted students to concern about and take up a positive attitude on the biodiversity conservation issue.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제26권6호
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• pp.659-662
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• 2009

한국교원대학교 황새복원센터에서는 한국내 야생 황새 복원을 위해 인공적인 황새 사육을 진행중이다. 세 마리의 황새가 식욕부진과 침울을 보여 충북대학교 동물의료센터에 진료 의뢰되었다. 두 마리는 내원 전 사망하였으며, 한 마리는 내원 후 수액요법을 실시하였으나 1일 후 사망하였다. 부검시 salmon-color의 피하 및 내장지방이 전체 황새에서 관찰되었다. 간 표면의 다발성 국소 괴사병소도 확인되었다. 근육위 내강에는 많은 양의 풀과 자갈이 뭉쳐져 큰 덩어리를 형성하고 있었으며, 유문부는 이것에 의해 폐색되어 있었다. 수액요법을 받은 황새의 소장 분절은 유착되어 있었다. 조직병리학적 검사상 염증을 동반하지 않은 괴사병변이 전체 황새의 간, 근육위, 장에서 관찰되었다. 간에서는 담즙정체도 관찰되었다. 이 검사 결과들에 기초하여 황새들은 이식증에 의한 사낭 경색증으로 최종 진단되었다.

• 한국조류학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.112-116
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• 2018

감전사는 야생 조류의 사망에 영향을 끼치는 중요한 요인 중 하나이다. 예산군에서는 2015년부터 총 30마리의 황새(Ciconia boyciana)를 야생으로 복귀시켰지만 2마리가 전봇대에서 감전으로 사망하였다. 감전으로 인한 사망을 줄이기 위해서 사육 황새 8마리를 대상으로 전봇대를 횃대로 사용하는 것을 감소시키기 위한 실험을 수행하였다. 2017년 3월부터 5월까지 흔한 2가지 형태의 전봇대에 조류퇴치용 스파이크와 와이어를 조합하여 설치한 후 황새의 이용 현황을 확인하였다. 실험 결과 스파이크 또는 스파이크와 와이어를 조합한 전봇대에는 황새의 횃대 사용이 유의미하게 줄어든 것을 관찰할 수 있었다. 본 연구를 통해 전봇대 상부에 조류퇴치용 스파이크 설치가 황새의 전봇대 이용을 줄일 수 있다는 것을 확인할 수 있었다.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.149-155
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• 2012

Rice paddy fields have been recognized as an alternative habitat for avian wetland foragers, and fish-rice farms have become a new tool in improving the abundance of aquatic animals. However, the use of the habitats by avian foragers, particularly by oriental storks ($Ciconia$ $boyciana$), was not well understood. In the present study, we investigated how a fish-rice farm influenced the abundance of aquatic animals and documented the foraging behavior of the two captive bred oriental storks in a closed semi-natural paddy field. Our results showed that the fish refuge pond (water depth 40 cm) had a higher abundance of fish whereas the areas planted with rice (water depth 20 cm) had more tadpoles and some aquatic insects. The two captive bred oriental storks captured mostly fish and aquatic insects in the rice-planted area and mostly fish in the fish refuge pond. The two oriental storks had higher foraging success and spent more time for foraging in the rice-planted area than in the fish refuge pond. This result suggests that the oriental storks might prefer foraging in the area with fish, aquatic insects, and amphibians under a greater success rate presumably due to shallow water depth in the paddy fields with a fish-rice farm.