• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.111-118
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• 2009

In modern Asia major cities had same problem with lack of affordable housing for families. So they had to concentrate to the mass supply of housing and made some physical counter effects like high density of cities, limitation of parking space. Also people who lived in those cities could suffer from broken traditional community culture. To rebuild traditional community and increase land usage, Block housing is suggested as a new kind of multi-family housing for old town redevelopment. Now some governments are trying to make urban code to give some initiative for new block housing development in old city blocks. They expect this new housing type can help to solve serious problems like lack of parking area, green space and context of block. Also they hope that block housing development can help to increase safety of town and reduce cost of development. The purpose of this study is to review the establishment and development process of Block Housing and to confirm the aspect which has been changed with urban organization together. Also this study tried to find out the intentional characteristics of similarities and differences with comparison of Korea and Japan. And as a result we could find critical physical viewpoint, and provide considerations for future study and plan. Several cases of block housing in Korea and Japan were reviewed for comparative study and Post Occupancy Evaluation (POE) survey was examined to find satisfaction factors and problems which were expected to improved.

• 한국항해항만학회지
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• 제36권5호
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• pp.363-370
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• 2012

최근 국제해사기구에서 추진하고 있는 e-navigation은 선박의 안전운항을 위한 다양한 서비스를 지향하고 있다. 이에 따라, 해양 분야에 다양한 소프트웨어 개발이 기대되고 있으며, 동시에 그 품질의 중요성이 높아지고 있다. 이 논문에서는 소프트웨어의 품질 향상의 실험을 위해, 기존 AIS중개서버 프로그램에 소프트웨어 리팩토링(refactoring) 기법을 적용하였으며, 그 효과를 분석하였다. 리팩토링은 소프트웨어를 소스 코드 수준에서 구조의 복잡성을 줄여서, 이해하기 쉽고 기능 변경이 용이한 상태로 변경하는 기법이다. 이를 통해, 겉으로 보이는 동작의 변화는 없이 내부구조가 변경된다. 리팩토링 적용 효과 분석을 위해서, IEC/ISO 9126 소프트웨어 품질표준의 유지보수성과 관련된 기존 메트릭의 산술적 측정기법을 도입했다.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제30권2A호
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• pp.20-25
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• 2005

본 논문에서는 trace-back 동작 없이 디코딩이 가능한 변형된 레지스터 교환 (MRE) 방식을 블록 디코딩에 적용하여 전송 속도를 높이고 latency를 줄이는 비터비 디코딩 방식을 제안하였다. 변형된 레지스터 교환 방식을 블록 디코딩에 적용함으로써 디코딩 블록의 시작 상태를 결정하기 위해 필요한 동작 사이클을 줄여, 블록 디코딩을 사용하는 기존의 비터비 디코더보다 더 적은 latency를 가지게 되었다. 뿐만 아니라, 메모리를 더 효율적으로 사용할 수 있으면서 하드웨어의 구현에 있어서도 복잡도가 더 감소하게 된다. 또한 시작 상태를 결정하기 위해 필요한 trace-back 동작을 없애고 메모리를 줄여 이에 따른 전력 소모를 줄이는 저전력 동작이 가능하다. 제안된 방식은 같은 하드웨어 복잡도로도 메모리의 감소 또는 latency의 감소에 중점을 둔 설계가 가능하다. 또한, 몇 가지 디자인 파라미터를 변경하여 합성 단계에서 하드웨어 복잡도와 전송 속도를 Dade-off 할 수 있도록 스케일러블한 구조로 설계하였다.

• 반도체디스플레이기술학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.74-78
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• 2019

As software becomes larger and network technology develops, the management of distributed data becomes more popular. Therefore, it is becoming increasingly important to use blockchain technology that can guarantee the integrity of data in various fields by utilizing existing infrastructure. Blockchain is a distributed computing technology that ensures that servers participating in a network maintain and manage data according to specific agreement algorithms and rules to ensure integrity. As smart contracts are applied, not only passwords but also various services to be applied to the code. In order to reinforce existing research on smart contract applied to the blockchain, we proposed a dynamic conditional rule of smart contract that can formalize rules of smart contract by introducing ontology and SWRL and manage rules dynamically in various situations. In the previous research, there is a module that receives the upper rule in the blockchain network, and the rule layer is formed according to this module. However, for every transaction request, it is a lot of resources to check the top rule in a blockchain network, or to provide it to every blockchain network by a reputable organization every time the rule is updated. To solve this problem, we propose to separate the module responsible for the upper rule into an independent server. Since the module responsible for the above rules is separated into servers, the rules underlying the service may be transformed or attacked in the middleware. Therefore, the security mechanism using TLS and PKI is added as an agent in consideration of the security factor. In this way, the benefits of computing resource management and security can be achieved at the same time.

• 정보보호학회논문지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.869-882
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• 2012

웹 서비스의 증가와 자동화된 공격 도구의 발달로 최근 대부분의 악성코드 유포 경로는 웹 서비스를 통하여 이루어지고 있다. 또한 웹의 기본 언어인 자바스크립트를 이용한 난독화 기법을 통해 악성코드 은닉 사이트의 URL이나 공격 코드를 숨기기 때문에, 기존 패턴 매칭 기반의 네트워크 보안 솔루션으로는 탐지에 한계가 존재하게 된다. 이를 해결하기 위하여 사용자의 웹브라우저에서 악성 자바스크립트를 탐지하기 위한 여러 방안이 제시되었지만, 최근 APT공격과 같이 특정 기업이나 조직 네트워크에 침투하기 위한 고도화된 공격에 대응하기에는 한계가 존재한다. 이런 유형의 공격에 대응하기 위해, 외부에서 유입되는 트래픽에 대해 난독화된 악성코드가 웹을 통해 유입되는지 일괄적인 탐지가 필요하며, 기존 패턴 매칭 기반 솔루션에서 탐지율의 한계를 극복하기 위해 난독화된 자바스크립트를 복호화 하여 숨겨진 악성코드를 탐지할 수 있는 새로운 방법이 필요하다. 본 논문에서는 오픈소스인 Jsunpack-n[1] 을 개량하여 자바스크립트의 함수 오버라이딩 기법과 별도의 자바스크립트 인터프리터를 통해 악성코드에 적용된 난독화 기법에 상관없이 숨겨진 악성코드를 자동적으로 탐지할 수 있는 도구를 제안한다.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.206-216
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• 2022

This study sought to examine the sustainability criteria found in the global sourcing practices of global fashion retailers. Sustainable supply chain management, with a particular focus on the sustainability criteria of global sourcing, was analyzed. This qualitative study was based on a focus group interview and corporate social responsibility (CSR) annual reports. Eight master categories, 18 middle categories, and 37 bottom categories were extracted. The key categories and their middle categories were as follows: (1) Social compliance (working conditions, employment, safety); (2) Environment concerns (environmental pollution management, eco-friendly production, supply chain environment); (3) Energy efficiency (energy saving program, store environment); (4) Consumer protection (restricted substances management, consumer product safety improvement); (5) Management system (code of conduct, triangle audit system); (6) Community social activities (local community service, voluntary activities, charitable activities); (7) External stakeholder engagement (media & non-governmental organization management, maintenance of relationship with local authority); (8) Brand protection (respect for companies' intellectual property). The findings of this study offer academically significant insights into the sustainability criteria that can be encountered by companies under diverse global sourcing scenarios, revealing that global sourcing by fashion retailers is not merely a means of reducing costs, but a way of generating new jobs and making a social contribution to developing countries. The study's findings also have practical significance, offering guidelines for general CSR activities in the global sourcing process.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제36권5호
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• pp.155-162
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• 2022

Even after testing negative for COVID-19, some patients continue to struggle with a variety of symptoms such as fatigue, shortness of breath, gastrointestinal problems and neurological problems. The World Health Organization (WHO) defined long COVID (Post COVID-19 conditions) as "A disease occurs in individuals with a history of probable or confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection, usually 3 months from the onset of COVID-19 with symptoms that last for at least 2 months, that cannot be explained by an alternative diagnosis." As a possible pathological mechanism of long COVID, three hypotheses are proposed: the persistence of the infectious state due to the residual virus, the persistent inflammatory response, and the autoimmune response. The main symptoms of long COVID are shortness of breath (dyspnea), abdominal pain and dyspepsia, fatigue, cognitive problems (brain fog), anosmia and dysgeusia, and chest pain, palpitations and tachycardia. In the Chinese guidelines, COVID-19 patients were divided into mild, moderate, severe, and recovery, and prescriptions with effective therapeutic effects were summarized to encourage combined treatment of chinese and western medicine. Globally, only symptomatic therapy is recommended for long COVID, but a specific treatment has not yet been proposed. Recently, morbidity code for post COVID-19 conditions was created, and it is planned to announce guidelines for long COVID treatment and management in the first half of 2023. In line with this trend, the Korean medical community needs to make efforts to prepare treatment guidelines for patients with long COVID.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제41권1호
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• pp.65-70
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• 2022

BACKGROUND: The Geomunoreum Lava Tube System (GLTS) is both vast and culturally valuable. The Jeju Volcanic Island and Lava Tubes, which are partly composed of the GLTS, have been declared as a United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) World Heritage Site. Exploration of the caves is strictly regulated to conserve these vulnerable environments. Photographs provide limited information and do not describe the entire environment comprehensively. Therefore, we created several illustrations of the lava tubes to display their environmental features. METHODS AND RESULTS: We explored six lava caves (upstream and downstream) in the GLTS and photographed their geological features and yellow walls, the colors of which are influenced by microbial mats. We compared the hex codes of the wall colors using the Clip Studio v1.10.5 software and created illustrations that accurately represent the scale and features of the caves. CONCLUSION(S): Upstream and downstream caves of the GLTS differ in scale and volcanic features. We illustrated various characteristics of the caves including lava cave features, vegetation, and microbial mats. We also described the internal and external cave environments.

• Genomics & Informatics
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.4.1-4.18
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• 2023

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an inflammatory and infectious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 virus with a complex pathophysiology. While COVID-19 vaccines and boosters are available, treatment of the disease is primarily supportive and symptomatic. Several research have suggested the potential of herbal medicines as an adjunctive treatment for the disease. A popular herbal medicine approved in the Philippines for the treatment of acute respiratory disease is Vitex negundo L. In fact, the Department of Science and Technology of the Philippines has funded a clinical trial to establish its potential as an adjunctive treatment for COVID-19. Here, we utilized network pharmacology and molecular docking in determining pivotal targets of Vitex negundo compounds against COVID-19. The results showed that significant targets of Vitex negundo compounds in COVID-19 are CSB, SERPINE1, and PLG which code for cathepsin B, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, and plasminogen, respectively. Molecular docking revealed that α-terpinyl acetate and geranyl acetate have good binding affinity in cathepsin B; 6,7,4-trimethoxyflavanone, 5,6,7,8,3',4',5'-heptamethoxyflavone, artemetin, demethylnobiletin, gardenin A, geranyl acetate in plasminogen; and 7,8,4-trimethoxyflavanone in plasminogen activator inhibitor-1. While the results are promising, these are bound to the limitations of computational methods and further experimentation are needed to completely establish the molecular mechanisms of Vitex negundo against COVID-19.

• 대한조선학회논문집
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• 제60권4호
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• pp.213-221
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• 2023

The demand for Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) carriers and LNG-fueled ships has significantly increased in recent years due to the sulfur-oxide emission regulations by the International Maritime Organization (IMO). The main goal of this paper is to introduce the process for the Engineering Critical Assessment (ECA) of IMO independent type-B cargo tanks made from 9% nickel alloy. A methodology proposed by the British Standard was used to conduct ECA for any structure with initial flaws. Based on this standard, a Matlab code was developed to perform ECA. Coarse mesh Finite Element Analysis (FEA) was performed on an independent type-B LNG cargo tank with a capacity of 15,000 m³. The location with the highest development of maximum principal stress was identified at the bottom of the cargo tank. Fine mesh FEA was performed to obtain the stress range required for ECA. The dynamic cargo tank loads used for FEA were determined using some ship rules presented by Det Norske Veritas. As a result of performing a 20-year long-term crack propagation analysis with a semi-elliptical surface crack, the fracture-to-yield ratio exceeded the Fracture Assessment Line (FAL) and some structural reinforcement was necessary. Performing a 15-day short-term crack propagation analysis, the fracture-to-yield ratio remained within the FAL, and no significant LNG leaks were expected. This paper is believed to provide a guide for performing ECA of LNG cargo tanks in the future by providing the basic theory and application sample necessary to perform ECA.