• 제목/요약/키워드: Orchid plants

검색결과 69건 처리시간 0.026초

우리나라 란 바이러스에 관한 연구 (Studies on Virus Diseases of Orchids in Korea)

  • 이현숙;나용준
    • 한국응용곤충학회지
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    • 제15권3호
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    • pp.137-145
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    • 1976
  • 우리나라에서의 바이러스 무감염란 생산에 필요한 기초자료를 얻기 위하여 Cymbidiun mosaic virus와 Tobacco mosaic virus를 중심으로 그 감염상 및 감염된 바이러스의 혈청학적 반응, 검정식물상의 반응, 물이적 성질, 형태등을 조사하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 란에 발생하는 바이러스병의 병징은 크게 1) 모자이크, 2) 괴저줄무늬 모자이크, 3) 괴원륜문, 4) 퇴록륜문 및 5) 괴달반점의 5군으로 분류되었다. 2. 수원근교의 난 재배농장에서 수집한 각종란의 바이러스 이병률을 조사한 결과 CyMV는 $45\%$의 감염율을 나타내었고, TMV는 한개체에서도 검출되지 않았다. 3. CyMV의 검정식물인 Chenopodium amaranticolor, Cassia occidentalis 및 Datura stramonium에 CyMV 병즙액을 접종한지 7-12일 후에 퇴록국부반점이 나타났다. 4. CyMV의 물리적 성질을 Chenopodium amaranticolor를 검정식물로 하여 조사한 결과, 내열성은$75-80^{\circ}C$ 내보존성은 8일, 내포석성은 $10^{-5}-10^{-6}$으로 나타났다. 5. CyMV의 혈정학적 한천내 확산반응에 사용된 0.1M 및 0.01M의 Phosphate, Imidazol 및 Tris 완충간에는 침강대 형성에 차이를 볼 수 없었다. 그러나 이들 완충액의 수소이온농도간에는 침강대 형성에 심한 차이를 나타내어, pH 7.0에서는 침강대가 뚜렷하였고 pH9.0에서는 미약하였다. 6. CyMV를 전자현미경으로 관찰한 결과 크기 460-580mu의 간상입자의 빈도가 제일 높았다.

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난 균근균 처리가 한란과 호접란의 생육에 미치는 영향 (Effects of Orchid Mycorrhizal Fungi on the Growth of Cymbidium kanran and Phalaenopsis)

  • 윤종선;박경려;신세균;김익환;이철희;최관순;이상선
    • 원예과학기술지
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    • 제17권5호
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    • pp.578-580
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    • 1999
  • 춘란 뿌리에서 분리한 Rhizoctonia속 난 균근균 3종이 난의 생장에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위하여 난 균근균을 기내에서 자라는 한란(제주한란${\times}$일본한란 '남국(南國)' 교잡종) 및 호접란 유묘와 2개월간 공동배양한 다음 온실에서 18개월간 재배하면서 식물체와 균근균과의 공생관계를 조사하였다. 기내에서 2개월간 공동배양한 결과 제주한란${\times}$일본한란 '남국(南國)' 교잡종과 호접란 모두 엽장, 엽수, 엽폭 등 지상부와 근수, 근장 등 지하부 및 생체중에 있어서 무처리구와 균근 균 처리구 간에 차이가 없었다. 4개월간 순화 재배한 결과는 제주한란${\times}$일본한란 '남국(南國)' 교잡종의 경우 P1 균(Rhizoctonia repens) 처리구에서 지상부와 지하부의 생육이 가장 양호하였고, 호접란은 무처리구와 균근균 처리간에 차이가 없었다. 온실에서 1년 6개월 동안 재배한 결과 제주한란${\times}$일본한란 '남국(南國)' 교잡종은 무처리구에 비해 P1 균 처리구에서 초장, 신초수, 엽수, 뿌리수 및 생체중이 증가하였으나, P2 균(R. endophytica) 처리구에서는 오히려 감소하였으며, P3 균(R. repens : P1 균과는 다른 균주임) 처리구에서는 차이가 없었다. 호접란의 경우 무처리구에 비해 P1 균 처리구에서 초장과 생체중이 증가하였다. 이상의 결과를 종합해 볼 때, P1 균이 제주한란${\times}$일본한란 '남국(南國)' 교잡종의 생육을 크게 촉진한 것으로 나타났다.

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서울시내 아파트 실내조경식물이용의 최근변화에 관한 조사연구 (Assessing Studies on the Recent Use and Change of Indoor Landscaping Plants at Apartment Houses in Seoul)

  • 강훈;곽병화;심우경
    • 한국조경학회지
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    • 제18권1호
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    • pp.1-8
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    • 1990
  • 서울시내 아파트 40가구를 대상으로 1986년과 1989년에 실내조경식물을 조사한 결과, 다음과 같다1. 1986년에 비해서 1989년에는 전제실내식물의 종류는 46%, 식물의 수는 68%가 증가되었으며, 가장 많이 재배되는 종류는 '86년에는 동양란 아프리칸 바이올렛, Scindapsus, 선인장, 군자란 '89년에는 동양란, 선인장, Chlorophytum, 군자란, Dracena순이었다. 2. 원예학적 분류방법에 의한 식물의 종류는 '86년, '89년 모두 관엽식물이 가장 많았다. 3. 초장에 따른 식물의 크기는 '86년에는 15~30cm가 제일 많았고, '89년에는 31~80cm가 가장 많았다. 4. 식재용기의 종류는 '86년과 '89년 모두 플라스틱이 가장 많았으며, 자기 분의 경우 '86년에 비해서 '89년에는 매우 증가되었다. 5.식물의 배치형태는 '86년과 '89년에 조사한 모든 아파트에서 마루에 그대로 놓아둔 floor group이 있었으며, 그 비율도 가장 높았고 선반의 경우 '86년에 비해서 '89년에는 매우 많이 이용되었다. 6. Terrarium의 경우 '86년에는 Fittonia와 선인장이 가장 많이 이용되는 소재였으나, '89년에는 Adianrum과 Maranta가 많이 이용되었다. 7. 식물이 가장 많이 배치되는 장소는 '86년, '89년 모두 베란다로 조사한 모두 가구에서 이용하고 있었다. 8.'86년에는 가구당 평균 16개를 보유하고 있었으나 '89년에는 평균 27개를 보유하고 있었다. 9.식물의 생육형태는 대체로 양호한 편이었으며, 실내조경식물의 재배관리에 대한 관심이 증가 하고있었다.

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Fusarium spp.에 의한 호접란과 풍란류에 발생하는 뿌리 및 줄기기부썩음병 (Root and Basal Stem Rot of Moth Orchid (Phalaenopsis spp.), Pung-nan (Neofinetia falcata) and Nadopung-nan (Aerides japonicum) Caused by Fusarium spp.)

  • 김진원;천세철
    • 식물병연구
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    • 제13권1호
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    • pp.6-14
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    • 2007
  • 2005년과 2006년에 걸쳐 경기도 남양주의 호접란(Phalaenopsis spp.), 풍란(Neofinetia falcata), 나도풍란(Aerides japonicum)을 재배하고 있는 온실재배농가에서 뿌리 및 줄기기부 썩음 증상이 발생되었다. 이들 난은 초기에는 시들음 증상을 나타내고 병든 개체의 잎들은 황화되거나 붉게 변하며 낙엽되고 결국 고사하였다. 병든 개체의 뿌리 및 하엽으로부터 59개 Furaium spp.를 분리하여 동정 한 결과 F. oxysporum, F. proliferatum, F. solani 3종으로 동정되었다. 이 중 F. oxysporum, F. proliferatum은 호접란과 풍란류에서 모두 분리되었고, F. solani는 호접란에서만 분리되었다. 병원성실험 결과 이들 3종 모두 병원성이 인정되었다. 비록 F. oxysporum, F. proliferatum, F. solani은 호접란에 대하여 뿌리썩음병원균으로 보고되어 있으나 풍란과 나도풍란에 대해서는 아직 보고된 바 없다. 따라서 본 연구를 통해 F. oxysporum, F. proliferatum에 의한 풍란과 나도풍란의 뿌리 및 줄기썩음병을 처음 보고하는 바이다.

Molecular Characterization and Survey of the Infection Rate of Orchid fleck virus in Commercial Orchids

  • Kim, Sung-Ryul;Yoon, Ju-Yoon;Choi, Gug-Sun;Chang, Moo-Ung;Choi, Jang-Kyung;Chung, Bong-Nam
    • The Plant Pathology Journal
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    • 제26권2호
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    • pp.130-138
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    • 2010
  • Orchid fleck virus (OFV) is an unassigned plant virus in the family Rhabdoviridae. OFV was isolated from Cymbidium sp. showing oval necrotic lesions on their leaves in Korea, and designated as OFV-NHHS1. The complete nucleotide sequence of the RNA1 (6,413 nt) (GenBank accession no. AB516442) and RNA2 (6,001 nt) (GenBank accession no. AB516441) was determined in this study. RNA1 and RNA2 contained five and one ORF respectively. RNA1 encodes nucleocapsid (N) of 49 kDa, ORF2 of 26 kDa, ORF3 of 38 kDa, ORF4 of 20 kDa and glycoprotein (G) of 61 kDa proteins, whereas RNA2 encodes a single polymerase of 212 kDa. OFV-NHHS1 shared extremely high similarity of 98.6-100% and 98.9-99.6% in nucleotidle and amino acid sequences with a Japanese isolate, OFV-so, respectively. However, the N, G and L of OFV-NHHS1 revealed 6.9-19.3%, 7.3-12.0%, and 13.4-26.6% identities to those of 29 Rhabdoviruses, respectively. To survey the infection rate of OFV in commercial orchids in Korea, 51 Cymbidium sp., 10 Phalaenopsis sp., 22 Oncidium sp. and 21 Dendrobium sp. plants that showed typical viral symptoms were collected. RT-PCR with specific primers for detection of Cymbidium mosaic virus (CymMV), ORSV and OFV showed high infection rate by ORSV alone and double infection by ORSV and CymMV. One of the orchids tested was infected with OFV. This is the first report of the complete nucleotide sequences of OFV isolated in Korea.

Cloning and Characterization of a PI-like MADS-Box Gene in Phalaenopsis Orchid

  • Guo, Bin;Hexige, Saiyin;Zhang, Tian;Pittman, Jon K.;Chen, Donghong;Ming, Feng
    • BMB Reports
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    • 제40권6호
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    • pp.845-852
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    • 2007
  • The highly evolved flowers of orchids have colorful sepals and fused columns that offer an opportunity to discover new genes involved in floral development in monocotyledon species. In this investigation, we cloned and characterized the homologous PISTALLATA-like (PI-like) gene PhPI15 ($\underline{Ph}alaenopsis$ $\underline{PI}$ STILLATA # $\underline{15}$), from the Phalaenopsis hybrid cultivar. The protein sequence encoded by PhPI15 contains a typical PI-motif. Its sequence also formed a subclade with other monocot PI-type genes in phylogenetic analysis. Southern analysis showed that PhPI15 was present in the Phalaenopsis orchid genome as a single copy. Furthermore, it was expressed in all the whorls of the Phalaenopsis flower, while no expression was detected in vegetative organs. The flowers of transgenic tobacco plants ectopically expressing PhPI15 showed male-sterile phenotypes. Thus, as a Class-B MADS-box gene, PhPI15 specifies floral organ identity in orchids.

Effects of NaOCl treatment on in vitro germination of seeds of a rare endemic plant, Oreorchis coreana Finet

  • Bae, Kee-Hwa;Ko, Myoung Suk;Lee, Mi Hyun;Kim, Nam Young;Song, Jae Mo;Song, Gwanpil
    • Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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    • 제40권1호
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    • pp.43-48
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    • 2013
  • Oreorchis coreana Finet is threatened globally by over-collection from its natural habitats for horticultural purposes. Its rarity in nature makes this plant one of the most endangered species in Korea. In this study, we investigated the effects of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) on orchid seed viability and seed germination. An in vitro bioassay swelling test using immature seeds was compared with a standard chemical procedure using triphenyl tetrazolium chloride (TTC) to test seed viability. In general, the bioassay was more appropriate for estimating embryo viability after a prolonged pre-treatment (more than 1 h) in 1% NaOCl, a surface sterilant often used to enhance germination of seeds of terrestrial plants. Therefore, an efficient method for investigating in vitro swelling of immature seeds is urgently needed. We established a method for determining the viability and swelling of O. coreana seeds via in vitro examination of immature seeds. Treatment of immature seeds with 1% NaOCl for 10 min greatly enhanced the extent of swelling of immature zygote embryos when compared to untreated seeds. These data obtained here appear to be comparable to viability and swelling that occurs in O. coreana seeds via asymbiotic germination.

Ex-situ conservation and cytotoxic activity assessment of native medicinal orchid: Coelogyne stricta

  • Thapa, Bir Bahadur;Thakuri, Laxmi Sen;Joshi, Pusp Raj;Chand, Krishna;Rajbahak, Sabari;Sah, Anil Kumar;Shrestha, Resha;Paudel, Mukti Ram;Park, So Young;Pant, Bijaya
    • Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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    • 제47권4호
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    • pp.330-336
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    • 2020
  • Ex-situ conservation of the ornamental and medicinal orchid, Coelogyne stricta, was performed by mass propagation using seed culture. Propagation stages were optimized using full- and half-strength solidified MS medium with different phytohormones. Maximum seed germination (88 ± 0.5% over 6 weeks of culture) was achieved on half-strength MS medium supplemented with 15% coconut water. Maximum shoot numbers were found on full-strength MS medium supplemented with 1 mg/L BAP, 2 mg/L Kinetin, and 10% coconut water, while the longest root was developed on full-strength MS medium with 1.5 mg/L IBA. A 2:1:1 combination of coco-peat, pine bark, and sphagnum moss was found to be a suitable potting mixture resulting in 80% seedling survivability. The cytotoxic activity of extracts of both wild plants and in vitro-developed protocorms was determined using an MTT (3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay on a cervical cancer cell line. The wild plant extract inhibited the growth of 41.99% of cells, showing that this extract has moderate cytotoxic activity toward cervical cancer cells.

Identifying N sources that affect N uptake and assimilation in Vanda hybrid using 15N tracers

  • Panjama, Kanokwan;Ohyama, Takuji;Ohtake, Norikuni;Sato, Takashi;Potapohn, Nuttha;Sueyoshi, Kuni;Ruamrungsri, Soraya
    • Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology : HEB
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    • 제59권6호
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    • pp.805-813
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    • 2018
  • Vanda is an aerial tropical orchid native to Thailand and nitrogen (N) fertilizer is mainly used to promote its growth and quality. However, little is known about the characteristics of N absorption and assimilation in Vanda. The objective of this study was to determine the appropriate source of N for Vanda cultivation. In this experiment, shoots and roots of Vanda 'Ratchaburi Fuchs-Katsura' were sprayed weekly with 100 ml of $^{15}N$ tracer solution (1) 10 mM of $^{15}NO_3{^-}$, (2) 5 mM of $^{15}NO_3{^-}$ plus 5 mM of $NH_4{^+}$, (3) 5 mM of $NO_3{^-}$ plus 5 mM of $^{15}NH_4{^+}$ and (4) 10 mM of $^{15}NH_4{^+}$. The results indicated that plants fed with a combined N fertilizer gave the highest of $^{15}N$ use efficiency ( $^{15}NUE$) of about 21.8%, 30 days after the first feeding (DAF), compared with those fed sole sources of $^{15}NO_3{^-}$ (21.0%) and $^{15}NH_4{^+}$ (16.6%). However, a sole nitrate fertilizer or combination fertilizer did not significantly affect the total N and labelled N content. Alanine was a major amino acid found in leaves and roots at 7 DAF, whereas glutamine was mainly found in stems. At 30 DAF, tyrosine and alanine became major components in the leaves, and glutamine decreased in stems when plants were fed with a single $^{15}NH_4{^+}$ source.

Vegetative Growth Characteristics of Phalaenopsis and Doritaenopsis Plants under Different Artificial Lighting Sources

  • Lee, Hyo Beom;An, Seong Kwang;Lee, Seung Youn;Kim, Ki Sun
    • 원예과학기술지
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    • 제35권1호
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    • pp.21-29
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    • 2017
  • This study was conducted to determine the effects of artificial lighting sources on vegetative growth of Phalaenopsis and Doritaenopsis (an intergeneric hybrid of Doritis and Phalaenopsis) orchids. One - month - old plants were cultivated under fluorescent lamps, cool - white light - emitting diodes (LEDs), or warm - white LEDs at 80 and $160{\mu}mol{\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}s^{-1}$. The blue (400 - 500 nm) : green (500 - 600 nm) : red (600 - 700 nm) : far - red (700 - 800 nm) ratios of the fluorescent lamps, cool-white LEDs, and warm-white LEDs were 1 : 1.3 : 0.8 : 0.1, 1 : 1.3 : 0.6 : 0.1, and 1 : 2.7 : 2.3 : 0.4, respectively. Each light treatment was maintained for 16 weeks in a closed plant-production system maintained at $28^{\circ}C$ with a 12 h photoperiod. The longest leaf span, as well as the leaf length and width of the uppermost mature leaf, were observed in plants treated with warm-white LEDs. Plants grown under fluorescent lamps had longer and wider leaves with a greater leaf span than plants grown under cool-white LEDs, while the maximum quantum efficiency of photosystem II was higher under cool-white LEDs. The vegetative responses affected by different lighting sources were similar at both 80 and $160{\mu}mol{\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}s^{-1}$. Leaf span and root biomass were increased by the higher light intensity in both cultivars, while the relative chlorophyll content was decreased. These results indicate that relatively high intensity light can promote vegetative growth of young Phalaenopsis plants, and that warm - white LEDs, which contain a high red-light ratio, are a better lighting source for the growth of these plants than the cool-white LEDs or fluorescent lamps. These results could therefore be useful in the selection of artificial lighting to maximize vegetative growth of Phalaenopsis plants in a closed plant - production system.