• Title/Summary/Keyword: Orchards

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Disruption of Chemical Communication of Synanthedon tenuis (Lepidoptera: Sesiidae) by Sex Pheromone Dispensers in Sweet Persimmon Orchards (단감원에서 성페로몬 방출기에 의한 애기유리나방의 화학통신 교란 효과)

  • Chiluwal, Kashinath;Kim, Junheon;Park, Chung Gyoo;Roh, Gwang Hyun
    • Korean journal of applied entomology
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    • v.59 no.4
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    • pp.333-339
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    • 2020
  • Pheromone-based techniques are becoming a viable strategy of insect pest management as facilitated by the exponential increase in numbers of pheromone identifications from many insect pests. This is the report on the efficacy of pheromone-mediated chemical communication disruption (PCD) technique against the Korean population of smaller clearwing moths, Synanthedon tenuis (Butler) (Lepidoptera: Sesiidae) using its female sex pheromone component, (Z, Z)-3, 13-octadecadien-1-ol. The PCD trials were carried out four times during 2016 and 2017 in persimmon orchards located at Suncheon and Jinju Cities in Korea, and the PCD efficacy was expressed as the mean differences in the seasonal catches of S. tenuis males in the PCD and control plots. The seasonal male moth catches in monitoring traps installed in the PCD plots were significantly lower as compared with those installed in the control plots. Consequently, the PCD efficacy in the experimental orchards ranged from 95.2-100% with an average efficacy of 98.8 ± 1.2%, revealing a future possibility of pheromone-based management of S. tenuis.

Occurrence and Distribution of Root-Knot Nematodes in Kiwifruit Orchard (국내 주요 참다래 재배지에 발생하는 뿌리혹선충 종류 및 분포)

  • Heonil Kang;Hwanseok Je;Insoo Choi
    • Research in Plant Disease
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    • v.29 no.1
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    • pp.45-51
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    • 2023
  • The study was conducted to investigate the infestation and distribution of plant-parasitic nematodes on kiwi orchards in Korea. Plant parasitic nematodes genus and densities were investigated at a total of 102 sites in Jeollanam-do, Gyeongsangnam-do, and Jeju-do, which are the main production areas of domestic kiwi orchards. Plant parasitic nematodes detected were of 9 genera, including root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.), spiral nematodes (Helicotylenchus spp.), and needle nematodes (Paratylenchus spp.), and 56% of the 102 plantations were infected with root-knot nematodes. Root-knot nematodes were found to be the most important plant parasitic nematode in domestic kiwi orchards. The average density of root-knot nematodes is 97 per 300 cm3 soil, and there is concern about the kiwi yield reduction. As a result of identifying the root-knot nematode species: M. arenaria, M. hapla, M. incognita, and M. javanica. Among them, M. arenaria is the most dominant. As the plant parasitic nematode infection route in fruit trees is often spread through the transplantation of infected seedlings, attention should be paid to the production of nematode-free plants during the production and supply of kiwifruit plants.

Study on the over-wintering stage of citrus leaf miner Phyllocnistis citrella Stainton(Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) in Jeju, Korea (제주도 노지재배 감귤원 내 귤굴나방 월동태 구명)

  • Soon Hwa Kwon;Kihye Shin;Young Eel Moon;Doog-Soon Kim
    • Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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    • v.39 no.4
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    • pp.542-549
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    • 2021
  • Citrus leafminer (Phyllocnistis citrella) is an economically important pest in citrus orchards. This study was conducted to elucidate the over-wintering stage of P. citrella through experiments on the survival rate of P. citrella at low temperatures and field investigations during the winter season. There was a significant difference in the survival period depending upon the over-wintering stage of P. citrella at low temperatures, and the adults survived longer than the pupae. Evaluation of the survival period after inoculating citrus orchards with P. citrella adults and pupae showed that only the adults survived until mid-March of the following year, but all pupae died in January. This suggests that considering the fact that the germination of spring shoots in Jeju generally begins in mid-March, over-wintering adults are likely to form an early population the next year. However, pupae may not contribute to the formation of the initial population in the early season after wintering in fall shoots that are prone to freezing damage in winter because P. citrella could only survive in pupal chambers formed in fall shoots. Therefore, these results suggest that P. citrella adults that emerge in late autumn can over-winter in citrus orchards in Jeju, Korea.

Effect of Rainfall During the Blossom Infection Risk Period on the Outbreak of Fire Blight Disease in Chungnam province (꽃감염 위험기간 중의 강우가 충남지역 과수 화상병 발병에 미치는 영향)

  • Byungryun Kim;Yun-Jeong Kim;Mi-Kyung Won;Jung-Il Ju;Jun Myoung Yu;Yong-Hwan Lee
    • Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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    • v.25 no.4
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    • pp.302-310
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    • 2023
  • In this study, the extent of the impact of rainfall on the outbreak of fire blight during the blossom infection risk period was explored. In the Chungnam province, the outbreak of fire blight disease began in 2015, and changes in the outbreak's scale were most pronounced between 2020 and 2022, significantly escalating from 63 orchards in 2020 to 170 orchards in 2021, before decreasing to 46 orchards in 2022. In 2022, the number of incidence has decreased and the number of canker symptom in branches has also decreased. It was evaluated that the significant decrease of fire blight disease in 2022 was due to the dry weather during the flowering season. In other words, this yearly fluctuation in fire blight outbreaks was correlated with the presence or absence of rainfall and accumulated precipitation during the blossom infection risk period. This trend was observed across all surveyed regions where apples and pears were cultivated. Among the weather conditions influencing the blossom infection risk period, rainfall notably affected the activation of pathogens from over-wintering cankers and flower infections. In particular, precipitation during the initial 3 days of the blossom infection risk warning was confirmed as a decisive factor in determining the outbreak's scale.

Effect of labor saving by crawler-type truck in steep slope orchards

  • Tsurusaki, T.;Yamashita, J.;Imoto, T.;Satou, K.;Hikita, M.
    • 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 1991.10b
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    • pp.1580-1584
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    • 1991
  • The purpose of the present study is to investigate, from the viewpoint of labor science, the effect of labor saving by crawler-type truck, which has been used for the rationalization of transportation labor in the citrus orchard on steep slops, and to find out how effectively to utilize the crawler-type truck. In order to attain the purpose mentioned above, portable heart rate memory for measuring physical response of laborer was taken, and the experiment was carried out in the citrus orchard on steep slopes in Japan.

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