• 대한유전성대사질환학회지
• /
• 제13권1호
• /
• pp.43-47
• /
• 2013

Introduction: ALT/AST enzymes are present inside the cells. AST is found in cardiac and skeletal muscle and red blood cells but the ALT is checked mainly in the liver. In general, the rise of these two indicators shows liver damage. The usual measurements of these enzymes are used in liver function tests, but the levels of AST and ALT do not always reflect liver function. Method and Cases: 17 cases of liver dysfunction transiently were evaluated clinically, biochemically, and imaging study of sonogram in pediatric in-patients for 3 years. Result: Most common causes of transient liver dysfunction were infection, especially viral gastroenteritis, and bacterial infection interfering oral food intake. More often occurred in the children who have infant hyperbilirubinemia, positive history of mitochondrial dysfunction or hypoglycemia. Fasting study in one case of hypoglycemia patient showed reversible liver dysfunction during fasting over 20 hours fasting. Discussion: A significant increase in AST and ALT with normal bilirubin can be observed in clinically healthy people during blunt trauma, viral infection, severe pain, metabolic syndrome, fasting or accidental health screening.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
• /
• 제19권5호
• /
• pp.455-463
• /
• 2019

본 연구는 최종대상자는 56명을 대상으로 실험군 29명, 대조군26명을 배정한 후, 실험군에게 구강안면프로그램을 교육하여 저작기능을 향상 시킴으로써 집단 간 구강위생 및 실천 효과를 확인하고자 하였다. 수집한 자료는 프로그램 효과분석은 프로그램 전-후 차이를 알아보기 위해 Wilcoxon signed rank -test를 실시하였다. 실험군의 평균 사후 $9.57{\pm}1.44$점 이었고, 대조군은 사후 평균은 $8.68{\pm}1.46$점으로 실험군의 OHBI가 대조군에 비해 유의하게 높은 것(p<0.05)으로 나타났다. 실험군의 QHI 점수는 평균 사후 $1.00{\pm}.14$점 이었고, 대조군은 사후 평균은 $1.03{\pm}.23$점으로 실험군의 QHI 대조군에 비해 유의하게 낮은 것으로 나타났으나 이는 통계적으로 유의하지는 않았다. 실험군의 프로그램 만족도는 평균점수는 $4.13{\pm}.17$점 이었고 대조군은 $3.94{\pm}.22$점으로 통계적으로 유의한 것으로 조사되었다. 이상과 같은 결과를 바탕으로 구강안면프로그램을 이용한 구강보건교육의 효과는 집단 간 치면세균막 지수, 구강건강행동지수의 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 구강안면운동프로그램을 저작기능의 향상과 구강위생을 위한 도구로 활용할 가치가 있다고 사료된다.

• 대한구순구개열학회지
• /
• 제10권2호
• /
• pp.67-74
• /
• 2007

After Tennison introduced a triangular flap method which, for the first time, preserved the Cupid's bow, Randall gave this method a sound mathematical basis. This method is also called as an inferior triangular cheiloplasty which is characterized by making a small triangular flap from the lateral border of cleft destined to be fitted into an incision on the medial side of cleft. He postulated that the height obtained was equal to the sum of the median of the two triangles used in the cheiloplasty. Using this technique, a 22 month-old male patient with incomplete unilateral cleft lip was corrected primarily. The deviation of the columella and flattening of the nostril on the cleft side were minimal. The operation was done under general anesthesia and patient was healed uneventfully. We tried to improve the symmetry and esthetic feature of philtrum, nostril sill, alar-facial groove, preventing the notch formation on the nostril floor, and to reconstruct the muscle sling in the upper part of lip. The shape of Cupid's bow was restored, and the symmetry of columella was regained as a result. In summary, the inferior triangular cheiloplasty is effective to correct the primary unilateral cleft lip, results in the restoration of favorable anatomy and function.

• 구강회복응용과학지
• /
• 제21권1호
• /
• pp.43-57
• /
• 2005

Temporomandibular disorders have been defined as a collective term embracing a number of clinical problems that involve the temporomandibular joint, the masticatory nuscles, and associated structures. There have been many different contributing factors of TMDs which were traumatic, occlusal, pathophysiological and psychosocial. Among there factors, the effect of occlusion on TMDs have been a controversy for a long time. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of occlusal factors and oral habits on TMDs. In this study, 140 subjects with signs and symptoms of TMDs and diagnosed of TMD in the Orofacial Pain clinic of Yonsei University Dental Hospital though March to July 2004 were selected for the TMDs group and 50 subjects without any signs and symptoms of TMDs as the control group. The subjects were evaluated clinically in TMDs' Occlusal and Prosthodontic Restoration examinations. TMDs' examination was composed of the TMJ pain, sound, locking, temporal or masseter muscle palpation, mandibular movement, oral habits and headache. Occlusal examination was made of overjet, overbite, lost teeth number, nonfunctional interference, midline shift, then pattern of lateral movement and attrition. prosthodontic restoration examination had the existence of restoration, placement, then number of crown or bridge and Satisfiable index which estimated the quality of occlusal state of prosthodontic restorations. Following results were obtained : 1. The prevalence of TMDs was higher in their 20s & 30s, female of the TMD patients group. 2. The clenching frequency in the TMDs group(40.71%) was higher than those in the control group(18.00%), and there was a significant statistical difference(p<0.05). 3. The frequency of Nonfunctional interference in the TMDs group(10.00%) was higher than those in then Control group(2.00%), and there was a significant statistical difference(p<0.05). The result of this study indicated TMDs prevalence was higher in their 20s, 30s, female group of TMDs patients similar to the previous studies. Clenching and nonfunctional interference were estimated as the contributing factors of TMDs.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
• /
• 제26권6호
• /
• pp.636-643
• /
• 2000

Facial asymmetry is the most frequent disease in craniofacial deformities. And the primary causing area of that is mostly placing in mandible. That is to say, it is known that primarily, mandible grows excessively or deficiently, and other facial region involving maxilla undergoes compensatory growth secondarily, so asymmetric face develops. In facial asymmetry, the surgical correction of undergrowth is more difficult than that of overgrowth and the reason of it is the postoperative relapse caused by stress of surrounding soft tissues. It means the stress of surrounding soft tissues occurring after bone lengthening and reducing above stress is the same meaning with reducing postoperative relapse. Among various areas, mandibular ramus is the most difficult area to lengthen vertically and maintain its length. The reason of it is considered by many authors as the stress of surrounding pterygomasseteric sling which is enveloping lower border of mandible and interrupting elongation of ramal height. So we applied two different surgical procedures in which pterygomasseteric slings have different stress respectively to monkeys which have similar masticatory function and anatomy to human being and compared relapse by radiographic film and observed periodically the histochemical change of masseteric muscle fiber. So we could see the following results. The relapse was less in EVRO group in which we separated pterygomasseric sling in inferior border and didn't approximate muscle sling after vertical lengthening to minimize the stress of soft tissues than IVRO group in which we elongated ramal height preserving pterygomassetric sling. Of course, we could see a problem in EVRO group such as bone resorption in inferior border caused by uncovering the periosteum of inferior border. But we expect that such problem will be solved by developing periosteum substitutes for covering the exposed bone and minimizing the surgical trauma. In histochemical study of masseteric muscle fiber, the fiber constituents of EVRO group in which we minimized soft tissue stress was changed immediately after operation and maintained it for 1 year, whereas that of IVRO group in which we preserved soft tissue stress was changed in more portion after operation and recovered it by 1 year. By the histochemical results, we can see that the recovery of fiber constituents reflect the recovery of muscle stress and it is closely related with relapse phenomenon.

• 대한구순구개열학회지
• /
• 제9권2호
• /
• pp.93-100
• /
• 2006

본 증례에서는 2명의 불완전, 그리고 완전구순열 환자를 Delaire의 개념에 의하여 수술을 시행 하였다. 불완전 구순열 교정은 코 교정 후 좌우 비대칭을 해소할 수 있었으나 완전구순구개열의 환아에서는 코의 비대칭성을 회복하기 위해 동시 수술을 시행하였으나 좌우 비대칭성은 수술 후에도 관찰할 수 있었다. 본 증례의 경우 환자의 경제적 그리고 사회적 이유로 인해 수술이 지연된 환자로 수술에 난이도는 비교적 높지 않았던 경우로 비강전정부위와 비익부위, 그리고 구륜근 등의 피부 하방에 비정상적으로 배열된 근육의 박리와 재위치를 이루어주었던 경우였다. 술 후 평가를 위한, 심미, 발음, 기능과 정서적 발달 정도를 검사하여야 하나 지리적 관계로 재평가가 어려운 점이 예상된다.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
• /
• 제31권2호
• /
• pp.155-165
• /
• 2006

본 연구는 단국대학교 치과대학 부속병원 구강내과에 내원한 측두하악장애 환자를 포함한 구강안면동통 환자들을 대상으로 치료의 결과와 예후를 평가하기 위하여, 2002년 1월부터 2004년 12월까지 3년간 (치아질환을 제외한) 구강안면동통 환자 6300명 중에서 진료기록부 상에서 경과기록을 확인할 수 있는 환자들을, 측두하악장애, 신경병성동통장애, 연조직질환 및 이 중 둘 이상을 질환을 동시에 가지고 있는 복합질환으로 나누어 치료기간, 치료유형 및 치료효과를 비교하여 다음의 결과를 얻었다. 1. 평균 진료기간은 신경병성 동통장애에서 가장 길었고 연조직질환, 복합 질환, 관절장애, 근육-관절 복합장애, 근육장애의 순이었다. 2. 사용된 치료방법을 비교하면 약물요법은 연조직질환과 신경병성 동통장애에서, 장치요법은 관절장애군에서, 물리치료는 근육장애군에서 사용빈도가 높았다. 3. 진단분류별 물리치료의 사용경향은 근육장애군은 EAST와 초단파요법의 사용빈도가 높았고, 관절장애군은 초음파 치료, 신경병성 동통 장애와 연조직 질환은 저출력 레이저 요법이 많이 사용되었다. 4. 통증에 대한 치료결과는 통증이 지속되는 경향이 신경병성 동통장애에서 가장 높았으며, 완화되거나 완전 소실되는 경향은 측두하악장애에서 높았다. 5. 측두하악장애 환자에서 근육장애, 정복성 관절원판장애, 비정복성 관절원판 장애 및 근육-관절 복합장애 세분하여 치료 후 개구량의 변화를 조사하였을 때는 진단군 간에 유의한 차이를 볼 수 없었으나 개구량 측정방법간에는 무통성 최대개구량이 치료 후 가장 증가하였고, 환자 스스로가 벌리는 능동적 최대개구량은 비정복성관절원판장애에서 가장 증가하였다. 이상의 결과로 볼 때, 구강안면통증 영역에서 현재 시행하고 있는 치료법들은 측두하악장애에서는 동통조절 및 기능개선에 좋은 결과를 보여주고 있으므로 그 예후가 좋은 반면, 연조직질환이나 신경계 질환 같은 기타의 구강안면통증은 길고 지속적인 치료를 요구하는 어려운 질환이라고 할 수 있겠다.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
• /
• 제10권1호
• /
• pp.19-24
• /
• 2002

The effects of a newly synthesized $H^+/K^+$ ATPase inhibitor,1-(2-methyl-4-methoxypheny)-4-[(3-hy-droxypropyl)amino] -6-methyl-2,3-dihydropyrrolo (3,2-c) quinoline (DBM-819) , on the central nervous system, isolated smooth muscle, cardiovascular and digestive systems and renal function were investigated in various experimental animals. Oral administration of DBM-819 had no effect on the central nervous system except body temperature of mice slightly decreased at doses of 15 and 50 mg／kg. DBM-819 produced a moderate analgesic effect in acetic acid-induced writhing test in mice at 50 mg／kg (p.o.). In conscious rats, DBM-819 (15 and 50 mg／kg, p.o.) showed a slight increase in blood pressure and a small decrease in heart rate. DBM-819 had an significant effect on agonist-induced contraction of guinea pig ileum at $1.5{\times}10^{-5}g/ml.$ No significant effect of DBM-819 (5 and 15 mg／kg, i.p) on urinary volume or urinary excretion of $Na^+,\;K^+$ and Cl- was observed in rats. DBM-819 had no significant effect on intestinal transport of a semisolid meal in mice at 15 and 50 mg／kg (p.o.). These findings suggest that DBM-819 exerts no significant pharmacological effects on the central nervous system and renal function at 15 mg／kg (p.o.), but produces some effects on the smooth muscle and circulatory system.

• 대한기관식도과학회지
• /
• 제19권1호
• /
• pp.19-24
• /
• 2013

Objective The objective was to evaluate changes in swallow safety and dietary status after the transcutaneous injection of botulinum toxin into the upper esophageal sphincter in a series of outpatients with dysphagia. Methods Patients who were at risk for aspiration and who had an unsuccessful trial of swallowing therapy were admitted to the study. All patients showed significant pooling of fluids in the pyriform sinus. All patients were treated in the office; none had previous esophageal dilatation. The upper border of the cricoid cartilage was identified using standard electromyogram procedures and botulinum toxin was injected. Outcomes were assessed using the penetration-aspiration scale, NIH swallowiwng safety score, patients' short-term and long-term subjective impressions of their ability to swallow, and change in dietary status. Results Ten patients underwent an instrumental evaluation of swallowing function. Of the 10 patients, 9 showed an overall improvement in their ability to take an oral diet safely. The penetration-aspiration scale, NIH swallowiwng safety score, patients' short-term and long-term subjective impressions of their ability to swallow, and change in dietary status were significantly improved after office-based botox injection. Conclusion Office-based EMG guided botox injection to the cricopharyngeus muscle is a simple, safe, and effective tool for dysphagia patients. Injection of Botox in the office should be considered when the dysphagia pattern is aspiration after swallow.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
• /
• 제16권3호
• /
• pp.273-280
• /
• 1994

The Magnetic Resonance Imaging has been used widely to evaluate the disk position without any interruption of the TMJ structures, and the Dynamic MRI presenting computed serial imaging or the video-recorded simulation images is thought to be very effective to evaluate the disk position under function. This is to study the correlation between the clinical diagnosis and the findings of Dynamic MRI for the diagnosis of internal derangement of the temporomandibular joints. 30 joints(15 patients) were examined clinically, and the movement of TMJ meniscus was reviewed in the dynamic MRI. The comparative results are as follows : 1. All internal derangements of TMJ disk displacement without reduction were consistent with MRI findings. 2. 5 joints (50%) of disk displacements with reduction could not be confirmed by MRI findings. 3. The disk displacements in MRI were found in 55% of painful joints, 50% of clicking joints, and 70% of the joints with restricted movement. 4. The reliability of MRI for the diagnosis of TMD was evaluated as 77% ; 24 of 30 joints who presented with clinical diagnosis of TMD. 5. MRI is very reliable to diagnose the disk displacement without reduction, but it is rather not so effective to diagnose the early derangement or muscle disorders.