• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.465-475
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• 1998

The purpose of this study was to investigate the comparative effects of subgingival irrigation using some oral mouth rinses on early healing process of periodontal inflammation. The study population consisted of 13 patients with periodontal inflammation and distributed into 4 groups. Oral hygiene instruction, delicate scaling and root planing were done and then irrigated per 3 days during 2 weeks in situ with 1 of 4 solutions ; normal saline, C31G, Benzotonium chloride and tetracycline. Examination regarding probing pocket depth, plaque index, sulcular bleeding index, gingival index, gingival recession and leukocytes differential count was performed. Evaluation was made at the baseline and 2 weeks after non-surgical periodontal therapy. The results were as follows : 1. Clinical indices including probing pocket depth, plaque index, sulcular bleeding index, gingival index and gingival recession were significantly improved from baseline to 2 weeks. But there was no significant differences among 4 groups. 2. PMNs percent on leukocytes differential count was significantly decreased from baseline to 2 weeks on all groups. Those of tetracycline and C31G were significantly decreased than those of normal saline group. These results suggest that clinical indices were not different, but the decrease of inflammation were significantly different among some mouth rinses.

• 대한소아치과학회지
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• 제51권2호
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• pp.132-139
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• 2024

This study aimed to compare the fluoride-releasing ability and degree of microbial attachment of a newly developed glass-hybrid restorative material (GH) with those of a high-viscosity glass ionomer (HvGIC), resin-modified glass ionomer (RMGI), and composite resin (CR). In addition, the correlation between fluoride-releasing ability and microbial attachment between materials was evaluated. Specimens were prepared in a disc shape and divided into 4 groups according to the materials (GH, HvGIC, RMGI, and CR). The fluoride release experiments were performed in each group (n = 15). The amount of fluoride released was measured on days 1, 3, 7, 14, 28, and 42 after storage. For the microbial attachment experiment, 12 specimens were produced per group using Mutans Streptococci (S.mutans ), a cariogenic microorganism. S. mutans was cultured on the specimens for 24 hours, and the number of bacteria was measured. GH had the highest cumulative fluoride release and showed a significant difference when compared with RMGI (p = 0.001) and CR (p < 0.0001). Microbial attachment was the lowest in GH; however, no significant difference was observed between the materials (p = 0.169). There was no significant correlation between fluoride release from materials and microbial attachment (p > 0.05). From this perspective, remineralization of low-mineralized areas could be expected due to the high fluoride release of GH, and the effect of delaying the progression of dental caries could be predicted from the low cariogenic microbial attachment. Therefore, GH might be a useful restorative material for treating immature permanent teeth with hypomineralized enamel. However, further studies are needed about the degree of remineralization of hypomineralized areas after restoration and the capacity to recharge fluoride.

• 대한소아치과학회지
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• 제39권3호
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• pp.233-241
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• 2012

광역동 치료는 광감각제가 빛에 의해 활성화되면서 발생하는 화학 반응을 이용한 것으로, 치료 원리는 광화학 반응으로 자유 라디칼 및 반응성 산소가 생성되고 이 산물들에 의한 세포 독성으로 항균 효과를 가지게 되는 것이다. 이 연구의 목적은 치과 임상에서 널리 사용되는 광원(할로겐, LED)과 광감각제(erythrosine)를 이용하여, 치아 우식증과 연관된 세균인 Streptococcus mutans에 대한 광역동 치료의 항균 효과를 알아보고, 광감각제의 농도에 따른 광역동 치료의 효과를 평가하기 위함이다. 또한 임상 분리 균주와 표준 균주에 대한 광역동 치료의 효과를 비교해 보았다. 연구 결과, 표준 및 임상 분리 균주 모두 광감각제 처리 후 광조사를 시행한 군에서만 대조군에 비해 S. mutans의 유의한 감소가 나타났다. 또한 광조사를 시행한 군에서 첨가한 광감각제의 농도가 높을수록 S. mutans의 감소가 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 표준 균주와 비교 시 임상 분리 균주에서는 표준 균주와 비슷하거나 약간 낮은 S. mutans의 감소가 나타났고, 이는 통계적으로 유의한 차이는 없었다(p < 0.05). 이상의 결과들로 보아 광감각제로 에리스로신의 사용과 광원으로 치과용 광중합기를 사용한 광역동 치료는 S. mutans 연관 질병에 대한 효과적인 치료 방법이 될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• 대한소아치과학회지
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• 제47권1호
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• pp.70-77
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• 2020

이 연구의 목적은 악궁 전반적으로 조사가 가능한 미백 LED를 이용하여 우식원성 Streptococcus mutans에 대한 광역동 치료의 효과를 알아보기 위한 in vitro 연구이다. S. mutans를 각각 두가지 다른 단계의 상태로 배양하였다. Planktonic 상태와 Hydroxyapatite disk와 CDC biofilm reactor를 5일간 사용하여 동적인 바이오필름 상태를 형성하였다. 20 μM 로 희석한 erythrosine을 5분간 전처리한후 가정용 미백기와 진료실 미백기를 사용하여 각 15분씩 광조사를 시행하였다. 실험 종료 후 각 실험군의 Colony Forming Unit를 측정하였으며 공초점 레이저 현미경를 이용하여 각 조건에 따른 광역동 치료 효과를 비교하였다. 실험 결과 S. mutans에 대한 aPDT효과는 control군과 비교시에 각각 플랑크토닉상태와 동적인 바이오필름 상태에서 모두 통계적으로 유의한 광역동 치료 효과가 나타났다(각각 p = 0.001, p = 0.002). 하지만 동적인 바이오필름 상태에서는 플랑크토닉 상태보다 광역동치료에 내성을 지녀 항미생물 효과가 떨어지는 양상이 관찰되었다. 진료실용 미백 LED와 가정용 미백LED는 유사한 항미생물 효과를 나타냈다. 구강악궁 전반적 조사가 가능한 미백용 LED는 우식의 원인이 되는 S. mutans 바이오필름에 유의한 광역동 치료의 효과를 나타냈으며, 이러한 결과는 치아 우식 예방으로의 광역동 치료의 임상적 적용 가능성을 제시한다.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.831-842
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• 2018

Objectives: This study was conducted to reveal the biological basis of dental plaque and preschool children's dental health status through repetitive and continuous toothbrushing instruction to preschool children, using quantitative criteria, and to emphasize the importance of the role of an oral health manager for the prevention of dental caries. Methods: After IRB approval, toothbrushing instruction and oral microbial specimen collection were conducted with children of preschool age at the Daycare Center attached to D. University, Busan. Specimens from 27 children were characterized by analysis with real-time multi-chain enzymatic polymerization reaction technique at an agency specializing in genetic analysis. Results: In a survey of the children's dental health behaviors, 48.1% responded that the toothbrushing time is 91 to 150 seconds; 66.7% responded that the frequency of toothbrushing is more than three times per day; 81.5% stated that they performed tongue brushing; and 81.5% brushed their teeth. Regarding levels of dental cariogenic bacteria, after children received continuous toothbrushing instruction, there were reductions in both Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sobrinus. Regarding toothbrushing time, the time increased in relation to the presence of instruction. Regarding Quigley Hein Index, the index decreased in the early and middle periods upon addition of instruction, then increased in the middle and later periods. Conclusions: Through persistent and repetitive toothbrushing instruction, healthy behavior can be positively established in children of preschool age; it is necessary to prepare institutional measures so opportunities for dental health education can be consistently provided and maintained. In the future, it will be necessary to conduct a follow-up study to verify the factors affecting toothbrushing time and volume of oral pathogens.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제61권3호
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• pp.282-291
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• 2023

Despite the recent progress in public health measures, malaria remains a troublesome disease that needs to be eradicated. It is essential to develop new antimalarial medications that are reliable and secure. This report evaluated the pharmacokinetics and antimalarial activity of 1,2,6,7-tetraoxaspiro[7.11]nonadecane (N-89) using the rodent malaria parasite Plasmodium berghei in vivo. After a single oral dose (75 mg /kg) of N-89, its pharmacokinetic parameters were measured, and t_1/2 was 0.97 h, T_max was 0.75 h, and bioavailability was 7.01%. A plasma concentration of 8.1 ng/ml of N-89 was maintained for 8 h but could not be detected at 10 h. The dose inhibiting 50% of parasite growth (ED₅₀) and ED₉₀ values of oral N-89 obtained following a 4-day suppressive test were 20 and 40 mg/kg, respectively. Based on the plasma concentration of N-89, we evaluated the antimalarial activity and cure effects of oral N-89 at a dose of 75 mg/kg 3 times daily for 3 consecutive days in mice harboring more than 0.5% parasitemia. In all the N-89-treated groups, the parasites were eliminated on day 5 post-treatment, and all mice recovered without a parasite recurrence for 30 days. Additionally, administering oral N-89 at a low dose of 50 mg/kg was sufficient to cure mice from day 6 without parasite recurrence. This work was the first to investigate the pharmacokinetic characteristics and antimalarial activity of N-89 as an oral drug. In the future, the following steps should be focused on developing N-89 for malaria treatments; its administration schedule and metabolic pathways should be investigated.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제27권12호
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• pp.2237-2240
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• 2017

In the present study, we investigated the effect of tyndallized HY7712 (tHY7712) on the expression of Th cell specific transcription factors and cytokines in whole-body ${\gamma}$-irradiated mice. Oral administration of tHY7712 strongly recovered the ${\gamma}$-irradiation-suppressed expression of helper T (Th) cell- and regulatory T cell-related transcription factors and cytokines, such as T-bet, Foxp3, IFN-${\gamma}$, TNF-${\alpha}$, and IL-10, and suppressed Th2 cell-associated transcription factor and cytokine GATA3 and IL-5, respectively. Furthermore, compared with the control, tHY7712 treatment also restored ${\gamma}$-irradiation-impaired natural killer and cytotoxic T cell activities against YAC-1 tumor cells to 97.8% and 98.6%, respectively.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.65-76
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• 2018

Although there has been a steady increase in the prevalence of food allergies worldwide in recent decades, no effective therapeutic strategies have been developed. Modulation of the gut microbiota composition and/or function through probiotics has been highlighted as a promising target for protection against food allergies. In this study, we aimed to investigate the allergy-reducing effects of a probiotic mixture (P5: Lactococcus lactis KF140, Pediococcus pentosaceus KF159, Lactobacillus pentosus KF340, Lactobacillus paracasei 698, and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens 26N) in mice with ovalbumin (OVA)-induced food allergy. Administration of P5 significantly suppressed the oral OVA challenge-induced anaphylactic response and rectal temperature decline, and reduced diarrhea symptoms. Moreover, P5 also significantly inhibited the secretion of IgE, Th2 cytokines (interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5, IL-10, and IL-13), and Th17 cytokines (IL-17), which were increased in mice with OVA-induced food allergy, and induced generation of CD4+Foxp3+ regulatory T cells. These results revealed that P5 may have applications as a preventive agent against food allergy.

• 생약학회지
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• 제37권2호통권145호
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• pp.85-91
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• 2006

The present study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of evening primrose oil (EPO) on the male sexual functions. EPO (daily 0.5 ml/mouse) was orally intubated for 28 consecutive days to experimental ICR mice, and same vol. of vehicle to control mice. On the 14th and 28th experimental day, the testis weight, number of complete intromissions and mating, serum testosterone and cGMP levels, prostaglandin leveIs of penile corpus cavernosum smooth muscle cells, and NO-productive activity of endothelial cells were determined. The weight of body and testis, the number of complete intromissions during the 3hour period were somewhat increased in EPO treated mice than those of control. The number of sperm-positive females and testosterone level in serum were increased in experimental groups. The serum cGMP level was significantly increased but the NO production of ionomycin-stimulated HUVEC cells was not affected when EPO was added into cultures. These results suggest that oral administration of EPO enhanced the sexual functions of male mice, and EPO could be developed as a tonic improving sexual functions.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.107-117
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• 2005

Oral supplementation of minerals mixture of potassium bromide and nickel sulphate on $CSR_2,\;CSR_4\;and\;CSR_2{\times}CSR_4$ crossbreed races with different concentrations (70, 110 and $160\;{\mu}g/ml$) were fed to the fifth instar larvae. Two of the four normal feeds per day was substituted with treated leaves fed to silkworm at fifth instar larvae. The controls were fed with the leaves sprayed with distilled water and normal leaves. The $CSR_4$ race treated larvae showed a significant increase in silkgland weight, cocooning percentage, female cocoon weight, male cocoon weight, male cocoon shell weight, male cocoon shell ratio, filament length, filament weight, denier, fecundity, number of eggs per ovariole and length of the ovariole when compared with those of the corresponding parameters of the carrier control, whereas in $CSR_2\;and\;CSR_2{\times}CSR_4$ crossbreed races showed a significant increase in larva1 weight and other parameters similar to that of $CSR_4$ race. The results suggested that the silkgland showed good response to minerals mixture of potassium bromide and nickel sulphate only in $CSR_4$ race when compared with those of other two races of the silkworm, B. mori.