• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.631-640
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• 2012

Objectives : This study mean to confirm the antibacterial activity of a garlic extract widely culturing in our region and was to determine the effect of dentifrice containing 0.1% extracts of garlic on dental plaque and gingivitis in a double blind and clinical studies in 50 healthy adults aged from 20 to 22 years who provided a consent for their participation. Methods : The antibacterial activity was evaluated using triple distilled water and the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method and the minimal inhibitory concentration(MIC) against various pathogens for periodontal disease, such as P. gingivalis 381(ATCC33277), was estimated. The experimental groups classified according to the concentration of garlic extract used: 10,000ppm(A), 5,000ppm(B), 2,500ppm(C), 1,000ppm(D). Oral examination of subjects was performed through clinical periods and on day of baseline, 6, 12, 19, 25 days plaque index and gingival index were scored by Turesky' modified index and Loe & Silness index. After 12, 19, 25 days use of their respective dentifrices, statistically decreases of plaque index, gingival index were shown in both the experimental and the control group, respectively. Results : There was significant antibacterial activity in the "2,500ppm(C)" group against P. gingivalis 381. Experimental group exhibited significantly the lower plaque levels and the higher levels of gingival health by the use of the dentifrices contained extract of garlic from 6 days compare with control group(p<0.05). The degree of decrease was more significant on gingivitis level of the experimental group than the control group(p<0.05). Conclusions : This findings indicated that the oral products containing a garlic extract is effective in preventing and treating periodontal diseases, and has potential value in inhibiting periopathogens.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.631-637
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• 2013

Objectives : The aim of the study is to propose the fundamental data for further developments of the school dental clinic program through evaluating comprehensive improvements of the indices and the oral health status. Methods : This studied was carried out from December 2010 to September 2012. Subjects were 239 elementary school 4th, 5th, 6th grade students having no school dental clinic and 195 elementary school 4th, 5th, 6th grade students having school dental clinic in Busan. They completed self-reported questionnaires after accepting informed consent. The questionnaire included knowledges, attitudes and practices for oral health recognition and supports of the school dental clinic program. Results : Permanent tooth caries prevention rate revealed 59.0%, 53.3%, and 62.0%. in 4th, 5th, and 6th respectively. Rate of Care Group with fissure sealant permanent teeth showed 80.3%, 88.0%, and 88.9% respectively. Index of Care Group with fissure sealant permanent teeth revealed 2.68, 2.90, and 3.97, respectively. DMFT index of Care Group was 1.11, 1.35, and 1.51, respectively. Active D rate of Care Group resulted in 16.7%, 24.1%, and 16.7%, respectively. Dental health education group showed high awareness level of fluoride and sealant effect for caries prevention. Tooth brushing of three times per day was more effective when using rolling tooth brushing. On the other hand, oral health recognition and oral status in the control group was low. Conclusions : Oral health recognition was closely related to good oral care. Expansion of oral health care business is important to prevent dental caries. Systematic approach for oral health education programs and human resources development is very important to improve oral health care.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.831-841
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• 2020

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the oral health status and oral health behavior and identify the factors related to the oral health status by age-specific groups in vulnerable elderly individuals. Methods: We used data from the 7th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. The differences in the oral health status and oral health behavior by age-specific groups were analyzed using complex sample chi-square tests and a generalized linear model. The relationship between the oral health status and oral health behavior by age-specific groups was analyzed using a complex samples general linear model. Results: The DMFT index of the young-old elderly was 10.65±0.60, and that of the old-old elderly was 12.78±0.72, which was higher. The condition of the mandibular prosthesis was more common in the old-old elderly, and there was a statistically significant difference (p<0.05). The DMFT index in the old-old elderly was found to be higher as the average number of brushings per day decreased, and no oral examination was performed. Conclusions: The vulnerable elderly themselves are interested in maintaining their own health, and the government needs to undertake efforts to reduce the medical blind spots by supporting institutional and environmental conditions so that health care services can be provided to the vulnerable elderly.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.923-938
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• 2011

Objectives : This study was attempted in order to grasp oral health level according to socio-demographic characteristics in elders in some communities, and to evaluate oral health status and its association. Methods : The subjects in this study were performed with 235 people, who were over 65 years and resided in Daejeon Province, from June 20 to July 10, 2011. An individual interview was held, and they got a dental checkup. As for data analysis, chi-square test, t-test, one-way ANOVA, pearson correlation were utilized. Methods : The subjects in this study were performed with 235 people, who were over 65 years and resided in Daejeon Province, from June 20 to July 10, 2011. An individual interview was held, and they got a dental checkup. As for data analysis, chi-square test, t-test, one-way ANOVA, pearson correlation were utilized. Results : The older age in the whole research subjects and the lower educational level led to the less remaining teeth and the larger missing teeth index. The decayed missing filled teeth index and the decayed missing filled teeth rate were higher in more women and older age and in the lower educational level. Tooth mortality rate was higher in the older age, the lower educational level, and the group of living together with spouse. The maxillary-mandibular fixed-bridge status in the mouth was indicated to be the highest in the full-denture mounting ratio as for elders in over 80 years old. Oral Health Impact Profile(OHIP-14) average score was $56.05{\pm}11.64$ in the whole research subjects The decayed missing filled teeth index and the decayed missing filled teeth rate showed significantly positive correlation with the decayed missing filled teeth rate, tooth mortality rate and showed significantly negative correlation with OHIP-14. Tooth mortality rate showed significantly negative correlation with OHIP-14 Oral Health Impact Profile(OHIP-14) showed significantly positive correlation with its factors. Conclusions : Accordingly, the policy effort is considered to be necessary that implements in elders in order to spend active senescence, and that elders' health and oral-health behavior can be implemented continuously and preventively through classification according to elders' physical function.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.271-277
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• 2013

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of incremental dental care(IDC) program on kindergarten children. Methods : The subjects were 46 kindergarten children aged 6 who wished participation in IDC program during 5 weeks at oral health center in G-college from March to May, 2012. The data of subjects were examined into oral conditions such as toothbrushing method and frequency, modified O'leary plaque index and dental caries activity before and after IDC program. The collected data were analyzed by SPSS statistical package version 19.0. Results : 1. The rolling and fones methods of toothbrushing increased from 10.8% to 91.3% after IDC program(p<.001). The change of toothbrushing frequency showed that over 3 times a day increased from 52.2% to 76.0% after IDC program(p<.01). 2. The modified O'leary plaque index of before toothbrushing education increased from 1st visit(score 32.19) to 5th visit(score 57.14) and after toothbrushing education increased from 1st visit(score 64.45) to 5th visit(score 78.27) during IDC program(p<.001). 3. As a results of dental caries activity test before and after IDC program, it was found that the bacterial numbers in S.mutans and Latobacillus reduced from 0.74, 0.70 to 0.28, 0.41 (p<.01) and the saliva buffering capacity increased from 1.50 to 2.02(p<.001). Conclusions : It is considered very necessary that IDC program should be maintained and extended to dental clinic so as to enhance the oral health state of kindergarten children.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.245-253
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• 2019

Background: This study aimed to analyze correlations between depression, cognitive function, oral health state, ability to perform activities of daily living, oral dryness symptoms, and oral health-related quality of life, and determine factors influencing the latter. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study based on questionnaires completed by 260 participants with suspected dementia, residing in South Korea. Psychiatrists, psychiatric nurses, and dental hygienists visited clinics in the participating regions for examination and questionnaire administration. General characteristics, the geriatric depression scale, ability to perform activities of daily living, cognitive function, oral health state, and oral health-related quality of life were analyzed. Independent t-tests, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis were conducted, identifying factors affecting oral health-related quality of life. Data analysis was performed using SPSS ver. 20.0 (IBM Corp., USA), and the significance was set at p<0.05. Results: Approximately 65.0% of participants were female, 63.5% were in their 70s, and 90.0% had health insurance. About 21.5%, 42.0%, and 36.5% were normal, slightly impaired, and had dementia, respectively. High cognitive impairment was associated with poor oral health. Sex, education levels, marital status, and living arrangements influenced oral health-related quality of life. According to the regression analysis, geriatric depression and oral dryness affected the Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index scores. Conclusion: In conclusion, oral dryness and depression levels among elders influenced oral health-related quality of life. The results showed that to enhance elders' oral health-related quality of life, it is essential to not only improve their oral health state, but also relieve oral health problems, especially oral dryness, and take into consideration their psychological aspects.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.426-433
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• 2013

The objective of this study was to examine whether there is an association of oral health conditions between mothers and their preschool children in Korea. A sample of 823 preschool children and their mothers were selected for this study from the database of the fourth Korean National Health and Nutrition examination Survey. Preschool children were defined as children aged 4, 5, and 6 years old. The subjects were clinically examined for the presence of caries lesions (dft index) and their mother was checked for the presence of dental caries (DMFT index) and periodontal status (CPI). The socio-demographic characteristics and mother's oral health behaviours were considered covariates in this study. Univariate and multivariate analysis was adapted to assess the association of oral health condition between mothers and their preschool children. In univariate analysis, there were significant differences between preschool children's dft index and their mother's age (p=0.005), dental treatment demand for the past one year (p=0.034), and DMFT index (p=0.016). In multivariate analysis, only mother's DMFT index was significantly associated with their children's dft index after adjusting for covariates. In conclusion, the mother's oral health was partly associated with their preschool children's oral health in Korea.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.250-256
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of maternal socioeconomic status, maternal oral health behaviors, and oral health behaviors of children, on the prevalence of early childhood caries in children aged 5 years. The Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data collected between 2007 and 2014 were applied to this study, and the study sample included 824 children who received oral examinations and participated in the health behavior survey. The factor that affected the prevalence of early childhood caries were confirmed by maternal and child factors. The data were analyzed using multiple linear regression. The mothers' age, income level, and job status affected the prevalence of early childhood caries. There was a significant difference in the analysis considering the factors of motherhood and children in the prevalence of early childhood caries according to mother's age, education level, income level, and the child's oral examination. The prevalence of early childhood caries was higher in children who received oral examinations than in those who did not. When the mother's educational level was higher than college education, it was found that the index of child, i.e., there was a difference in the prevalence of early childhood caries according to the mother's educational and income levels. These results indicate that maternal socioeconomic characteristics are correlated with the oral health of children. Therefore, oral health education programs that include mothers for the prevention of early dental caries in children may improve the dental health of children. In addition, specific oral health policies are necessary to address the differences in the oral health between the income groups.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.50 no.4
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• pp.268-277
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• 2020

Purpose: Many home care treatments can be used to promote the health and longevity of dental implants; however, few studies are available to support the concept that self-performed oral hygiene behaviors are an essential tool for improving and maintaining oral health. We investigated age-stratified associations between dental health behaviors related to tooth brushing (TB) and oral hygiene product use in Korean adults with implants. Methods: A total of 1,911 subjects over 19 years of age who had 1 or more implants and who participated in the 2013 to 2015 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were reviewed. Periodontal status was assessed using Community Periodontal Index (CPI) scores, and periodontitis was defined as a CPI greater than or equal to 3. The complex sampling design of the survey was utilized to obtain the variance and individual weight of each analyzed factor. A high CPI was the outcome variable, and the main explanatory variables were oral hygiene behaviors, such as TB, dental floss (DF), interproximal brushing, and mouth rinsing. Results: Almost all individuals with a lower CPI brushed their teeth twice or more per day, in contrast to those with a higher CPI, and were likely to use DF. The adjusted odds ratio of not using DF for a higher CPI was 1.83 (95% confidence interval, 1.35-2.49). Conclusions: TB was implemented more than twice a day by patients with good oral health, and the combination of TB and DF significantly reduced the prevalence of a higher CPI. Self-performed oral hygiene practices combining TB and DF were significantly related to a low prevalence of periodontitis in implant patients.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.1-12
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• 2013

This study aims to measure oral health knowledge and practice level among dental clinic patients, and examine their relationships with decayed, missing and filled teeth (DMF) index and the oral health-related quality of life (QOL). Empirical data have been collected from 311 patients through structured questionnaires and dental examinations conducted in Busan area. According to the analysis of causal relationship, oral health knowledge turned out to have a direct effect on oral health practices, which exerted both direct and indirect effects on DMF index and oral health-related QOL. While DMF index directly affected the oral health-related QOL, oral health knowledge proved to have only an indirect effect on DMF index and oral health-related QOL, mediated by oral health practices. Considering all these findings, effective oral health education and other intervention programs should focus on motivating people to participate in the active practices of desirable oral health behaviors, which will lead to the prevention of oral diseases and the subsequent improvement in the QOL.