• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.393-406
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to find out women's need and level of knowledge about episiotomy, pain and discomfort related to episiotomy on a cross-sectional survey design. The subjects were 102 postpartal women agreed on oral consent. 34 postpartal women admitted at obstetric ward of H university hospital, 34 postpartal women admitted at 2 Sanhujoriwons, and 34 women within one year afterbirth. They were selected in Seoul, Korea. Data were collected from July, 1 to September 30, 2000, by a structured questionnaire. The instrument used for this study was a questionaire consisted of 5 items of general characteristics, 12 items of obstetric characteristics, 10 items of level of knowledge (Chronbach $\alpha$ .8176), 8 items of need of education(Chronbach $\alpha$ .8836), 3 items of pain (Chronbach $\alpha$ .9252), and 3 items of discomfort (Chronbach $\alpha$ .8092). The data were analyzed by the SPSS/PC+ program using t-test, ANOVA and Scheffe test as a post hoc and Pearson Correlation Coefficient. The results of the study were as follows; 1. 63.2% of respondents had right answer on 6-8 items among 10 items. Only 4.4% of women got right answer on 10 items all. 2. The need of education was high(4.45%) on all items and the range of score was $4.25{\sim}4.64$. 3. The strength of pain was the highest within one week afterbirth(5.93/10) and became lower in 8-14 days afterbirth(2.55). And after 15days of postpartum, the pain level became to the lowest level(1.08). However, pain was delayed until more than one month afterbirth. 4. The level of discomfort was the highest one week afterbirth(6.88/10) and became lower in 8-14 days afterbirth(4.20). And after 15days of postpartum, the discomfort level became to the lowest level(2.47). Universally, the degree of discomfort was higher than pain. 5. There was a strong positive correlation between discomforts and pain ($r=.752^{**}$) and weak positive correlation between discomforts and the level of educational need($r=.308^*$). In conclusion, women have a right to choose whether she will have episiotomy or not according to her decision making based on the comprehensive knowledge of episiotomy before they get episiotomy with consent process and explanation in detail. Women health care providers like nurses have a responsibility to do conscious raising and empowerment for women so that they could lead themselves to choose given medical treatments for women's health and wellbeing and the quality of life in her life cycle.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.124-129
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to examine the association between the symptoms of temporomandibular joint disorders and lumbar diseases in adults when the prevalence rate of osteoarthritis is increasing and to help develop health policies that can improve oral health and health in general. The study used representative data from the 5th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey phase 3 (2012). In total, we analyzed the data of 3,017 individuals aged over 50 years who participated in the health-related survey and underwent radiography of the lumbar joints. PASW statistics ver. 18.0 was used for analysis. This study revealed the following results: 16.1% experienced at least one symptom of temporomandibular joint disorders within the recent single year, 20.6% experienced lower back pain in the recent three months, and 30.6% had lumbar osteoarthritis revealed using radiography of the lumbar joints. Symptoms of temporomandibular joint disorders, lower back pain, and lumbar osteoarthritis were correlated with each other; the respondents who experienced symptoms of temporomandibular joint disorders had 1.70 times (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.30~2.22) higher prevalence of lower back pain and 1.20 times (95% CI, 0.86~1.68) higher prevalence of lumbar osteoarthritis than in those with no such difficulties. The results of this study confirmed that the symptoms of temporomandibular joint disorders affected lumbar diseases in adulthood. Therefore, adequate treatment and prevention of the symptoms of temporomandibular joint disorders in adults is expected to make crucial contributions to decreases in the prevalence rate of lumbar diseases and an improvement in the quality of life.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.331-336
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• 2018

Oral health is an essential requirement for maintaining and promoting health and quality of life while aging. It is known that there is a deep connection with hygienic management of dentures. However, despite the emphasis on the importance of clean management of dentures, there is a lack of quantitative research on denture-related detergents. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to evaluate food stain removal performance of three denture cleansers containing proteolytic enzymes. In addition, this study provides basic data on self-cleaning methods using detergents and suggests ways to improve effective treatment for oral health of elders in domiciliary care. In order to obtain quantitative data concerning food stain removal performance of each proteinase denture cleaner, the test evaluation method proposed by the Korean Consumer Agency, ISO 20795, was used. A total of 18 specimens were discolored for 48 hours in water dissolved with turmeric, and then washed with each denture cleaner for 24 hours. The cleaned denture specimens were measured quantitatively using a spectrophotometer to measure the color values of the denture specimens before the discoloration as well as the color values of the discolored specimens after cleaning with the denture cleanser. The experimental values were analyzed through one-way ANOVA with post-hoc Tukey's test, and statistically significant differences were found among the experimental groups. It was found that C had statistically significant stain removal performance compared with A and B(p<.05). All experiments were conducted for a total of 21 days, from July 3- 23, 2017. This study confirms that denture cleansers is a beneficial self-denture management method for domiciliary seniors. Therefore, it is necessary to extend accessibility for denture cleansers in order to to optimize domiciliary care for elderly oral hygiene and health.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.1121-1134
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• 2017

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to analyze the factors affecting the self-perceived halitosis of adults and to utilize them as basic data for the development of prevention and management program to reduce of self-perceived halitosis. Methods: A questionnaire survey of 301 adults in their 20s and 50s living in Gwangju and Jeonnam selected by convenience sampling from July 1, 2017 to August 31, 2017 was conducted to investigate oral health status and behavior, fatigue and perceived stress. Statistical analysis was performed using frequency analysis, independent t-test, one way ANOVA, Pearson's correlation analysis, and multiple regression analysis. Results: The degree of self-perceived halitosis was higher in married (2.51) and unemployed (2.71), with tongue brushing (2.68), intention to participate in halitosis education (2.57), taking medication (2.73), coated tongue (2.82) and there was both otolaryngology and gastrointestinal disease (2.72) and periodontal disease (2.89) (p<0.05). Fatigue (${\beta}=0.237$), periodontal disease (${\beta}=0.196$), and coated tongue (${\beta}=0.237$) affect the self-perceived halitosis (p<0.001). Conclusions: The self-perceived halitosis in adults was correlated with fatigue and perceived stress. Also fatigue, periodontal disease, coated tongue factors were analyzed as factors influencing self-perceived halitosis. Additional studies such as prevention and management of periodontal disease and coated tongue, which is a factor of self-perceived halitosis in adults, and development of programs to reduce self-perceived halitosis for fatigue management, which is an external factor, are necessary.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.283-296
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• 2006

Along with the development of scientific technologies, health care has been growing remarkably, and as the social life quality improves with increasing interest in health, the demand for medical service is rapidly increasing. However, medical accident and medical dispute also are rapidly increasing due to various factors such as, increasing sense of people's right, lack of understanding in the nature of medical practice, over expectation on medical technique, commercialize medical supply system, moral degeneracy and unawareness of medical jurisprudence by doctors, widespread trend of mutual distrust, and lack of systematized device for solution of medical dispute. This study analysed 30 cases of civil suit in the year between 1994 to 2004, which were selected among the medical dispute cases in dental field with the judgement collected from organizations related to dentistry and department of oral medicine, Yonsei university dental hospital. The following results were drawn from the analyses: 1. The distribution of year showed rapid increase of medical dispute after the year 2000. 2. In the types of medical dispute, suit associated with tooth extraction took 36.7% of all. 3. As for the cause of medical dispute, uncomfortable feeling and dissatisfaction with the treatment showed 36.7%, death and permanent damage showed 16.7% each. 4. Winning the suit, compulsory mediation and recommendation for settlement took 60.0% of judgement result for the plaintiff. 5. For the type of medical organization in relation to medical dispute, 60.0% was found to be the private dental clinics, and 30.0% was university dental hospitals. 6. For the level of trial, dispute that progressed above 2 or 3 trials was of 30.0%. 7. For the amount of claim for damage, the claim amounting between 50 million to 100 million won was of 36.7%, and that of more than 100 million won was 13.3%, and in case of the judgement amount, the amount ranging from 10 million to 30 million won was of 40.0%, and that of more than 100 million won was of 6.7%. 8. For the number of dentist involved in the suit, 26.7% was of 2 or more dentists. 9. For the amount of time spent until the judgement, 46.7% took 11 to 20 months, and 36.7% took 21 to 30 months. 10. For medical malpractice, 46.7% was judged to be guilty, and 70% of the cases had undergone medical judgement or verification of the case by specialists during the process of the suit. 11. In the lost cases of doctors(18 cases), 72.2% was due to violence of carefulness in practice and 16.7% was due to missing of explanation to patient. Medical disputes occurring in the field of dentistry are usually of relatively less risky cases. Hence, the importance of explanation to patient is emphasized, and since the levels of patient satisfaction are subjective, improvement of the relationship between the patient and the dentist and recovery of autonomy within the group dentist are essential in addition to the reduction of technical malpractice. Moreover, management measure against the medical dispute should be set up through complement of the current doctors and hospitals medical malpractice insurance which is being conducted irrationally, and establishment of system in which education as well as consultation for medical disputes lead by the group of dental clinicians and academic scholars are accessible.