• 경영정보학연구
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.1-19
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• 2013

아이폰3로 촉발된 스마트 혁명은 시간과 장소에 구애 받지 않고 똑똑하게 일하는 스마트워킹 시대를 열어가고 있다. 기업은 스마트워킹을 통해 정보를 실시간 처리하고, 신속한 의사결정과 적시 대응을 함으로써 기업의 생산성과 성과를 향상시킬 수 있다. 그러나 스마트워킹은 이러한 기회 이면에 취약한 보안문제를 지니고 있다. 스마트워킹 이전에는 단지 기업 내에서만 정보를 볼 수 있었다. 그러나 스마트워킹이 가능해지면서 유출, 해킹 등을 통해 정보가 종전보다 쉽게 기업 외부로 노출될 수 있게 되었다. 따라서 모바일 보안은 기업 비밀을 중시하는 사기업은 물론 사회 기반구조를 담당하는 공공기관에게 있어서 다루어야 할 매우 중요한 이슈가 되고 있다. 본 연구는 공공기관의 모바일 정보보안에 초점을 맞추고 있다. 공공기관이 스마트워크를 실행하기 위해서는 국가정보원의 모바일 정보보안규칙을 준수해야 한다. 이 보안규칙은 모바일 단말 보안, 모바일 단말과 무선망간 보안, 모바일 플랫폼과 업무망간 보안으로 구성되어 있다. 지금까지 공공기관은 이러한 보안규칙을 준수하기 위해 기업 소유의 모바일 단말기에 MDM(Mobile Device Management) 솔루션을 설치 운영해 왔다. 모바일 단말기에 MDM 솔루션이 설치되면 그 단말기는 Wi-Fi, 카메라, 화면캡쳐 등이 차단되어 이러한 기능을 사용할 수 없게 된다. 지금까지는 기업 소유의 모바일 단말기만 보안규칙을 적용하여 모바일 정보시스템을 사용해왔기 때문에 별 문제가 없었다. 그러나 기업은 스마트워킹의 효과를 높이기 위해 개인 소유의 모바일 단말기까지 모바일 정보시스템의 이용범위를 확산시키려하고 있다. 바로 이러한 상황에서 문제가 발생하고 있다. 개인 소유의 모바일 기기에 종전과 같은 보안규칙을 적용하면 개인은 기기 사용에 제한을 받기 때문이다. 즉, 개인 소유의 스마트폰에 MDM 솔루션을 설치하면 Wi-Fi, 카메라, 화면캡쳐 기능을 사용할 수 없게 되기 때문이다. 그 누구도 자신이 소유한 기기의 기능을 제한받으면서까지 모바일 정보시스템을 사용하려 하지 않기 때문에 지금까지의 모바일 정보보안 방식으로는 폭넓은 스마트워킹을 구현할 수 없게 된다. 따라서 개인 소유의 모바일 단말기에까지 스마트워킹을 구현하기 위해서는 모바일 정보시스템이 실행될 때에만 MDM 솔루션이 실행되도록 함으로써 개인의 자유로운 모바일 기기 사용을 보장해야 하고, 모바일 정보시스템 각각의 보안 요구 등급에 맞게 신축적으로 단말기 기능을 차단할 필요가 있다. 본 논문에서는 K사에서 바로 이러한 필요성을 충족시킨 구현 사례를 연구하여 제시하였다. 대부분의 정보시스템은 기업에 의해 개발되고 기업 소유의 기기에 설치되어 운영된다. 그러나 모바일 정보시스템은 이와 다르게 기업에 의해 개발되고 개인 소유의 모바일 기기에 설치되어 운영될 수 있다. 본 연구는 기업에게는 모바일 정보시스템에 대한 보안 목표를 충족시켜 주고 개인에게는 시스템 사용에 따른 제한을 최소화함으로써 BYOD(Bring Your Own Device) 시대에 최적의 해결 방안을 제시할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다. 본 연구결과는 스마트워크를 추진하고자 하는 공공기관은 물론 기업비밀에 민감한 사기업의 모바일 정보보호 문제를 해결함으로써 스마트워킹 확산에 기여할 것으로 본다.

• 지능정보연구
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.119-128
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• 2011

최근 사용자 정보와 주변 환경의 정보를 수집할 수 있는 센서의 기술과 휴대 디바이스의 성능이 매우 발달되어 왔다. 이러한 기술 발달로 인해 사용자는 매우 다양한 콘텐츠를 이용할 수 있게 되었다. 그러나 사용자가 휴대한 디바이스의 특성에 따라 이용할 수 있는 콘텐츠가 제한적이다. 이것을 해결하기 위해 하나의 콘텐츠를 여러 디바이스에서 사용하기 위한 연구가 활발히 진행 중이다. 본 연구에서는 사용자 주변의 센서를 통한 다양한 정보를 수집하여 사용자의 상황에 맞는 특정 콘텐츠를 선정하고, 선정된 콘텐츠를 사용자가 휴대한 디바이스 특성에 맞게 변환하여 서비스를 제공하는 시스템을 제안한다.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.13-40
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• 1972

Much has teed changed in the field of hospital administration in the It wake of the rapid development of sciences, techniques ana systematic hospital management. However, we still have a long way to go in organization, in the quality of hospital employees and hospital equipment and facilities, and in financial support in order to achieve proper hospital management. The above factors greatly effect the ability of hospitals to fulfill their obligation in patient care and nursing services. The purpose of this study is to determine the optimal methods of standardization and quality nursing so as to improve present nursing services through investigations and analyses of various problems concerning nursing administration. This study has been undertaken during the six month period from October 1971 to March 1972. The 41 comprehensive hospitals have been selected iron amongst the 139 in the whole country. These have been categorized according-to the specific purposes of their establishment, such as 7 university hospitals, 18 national or public hospitals, 12 religious hospitals and 4 enterprise ones. The following conclusions have been acquired thus far from information obtained through interviews with nursing directors who are in charge of the nursing administration in each hospital, and further investigations concerning the purposes of establishment, the organization, personnel arrangements, working conditions, practices of service, and budgets of the nursing service department. 1. The nursing administration along with its activities in this country has been uncritical1y adopted from that of the developed countries. It is necessary for us to re-establish a new medical and nursing system which is adequate for our social environments through continuous study and research. 2. The survey shows that the 7 university hospitals were chiefly concerned with education, medical care and research; the 18 national or public hospitals with medical care, public health and charity work; the 2 religious hospitals with medical care, charity and missionary works; and the 4 enterprise hospitals with public health, medical care and charity works. In general, the main purposes of the hospitals were those of charity organizations in the pursuit of medical care, education and public benefits. 3. The survey shows that in general hospital facilities rate 64 per cent and medical care 60 per-cent against a 100 per cent optimum basis in accordance with the medical treatment law and approved criteria for training hospitals. In these respects, university hospitals have achieved the highest standards, followed by religious ones, enterprise ones, and national or public ones in that order. 4. The ages of nursing directors range from 30 to 50. The level of education achieved by most of the directors is that of graduation from a nursing technical high school and a three year nursing junior college; a very few have graduated from college or have taken graduate courses. 5. As for the career tenure of nurses in the hospitals: one-third of the nurses, or 38 per cent, have worked less than one year; those in the category of one year to two represent 24 pet cent. This means that a total of 62 per cent of the career nurses have been practicing their profession for less than two years. Career nurses with over 5 years experience number only 16 per cent: therefore the efficiency of nursing services has been rated very low. 6. As for the standard of education of the nurses: 62 per cent of them have taken a three year course of nursing in junior colleges, and 22 per cent in nursing technical high schools. College graduate nurses come up to only 15 per cent; and those with graduate course only 0.4 per cent. This indicates that most of the nurses are front nursing technical high schools and three year nursing junior colleges. Accordingly, it is advisable that nursing services be divided according to their functions, such as professional, technical nurses and nurse's aides. 7. The survey also shows that the purpose of nursing service administration in the hospitals has been regulated in writing in 74 per cent of the hospitals and not regulated in writing in 26 per cent of the hospitals. The general purposes of nursing are as follows: patient care, assistance in medical care and education. The main purpose of these nursing services is to establish proper operational and personnel management which focus on in-service education. 8. The nursing service departments belong to the medical departments in almost 60 per cent of the hospitals. Even though the nursing service department is formally separated, about 24 per cent of the hospitals regard it as a functional unit in the medical department. Only 5 per cent of the hospitals keep the department as a separate one. To the contrary, approximately 12 per cent of the hospitals have not established a nursing service department at all but surbodinate it to the other department. In this respect, it is required that a new hospital organization be made to acknowledge the independent function of the nursing department. In 76 per cent of the hospitals they have advisory committees under the nursing department, such as a dormitory self·regulating committee, an in-service education committee and a nursing procedure and policy committee. 9. Personnel arrangement and working conditions of nurses 1) The ratio of nurses to patients is as follows: In university hospitals, 1 to 2.9 for hospitalized patients and 1 to 4.0 for out-patients; in religious hospitals, 1 to 2.3 for hospitalized patients and 1 to 5.4 for out-patients. Grouped together this indicates that one nurse covers 2.2 hospitalized patients and 4.3 out-patients on a daily basis. The current medical treatment law stipulates that one nurse should care for 2.5 hospitalized patients or 30.0 out-patients. Therefore the statistics indicate that nursing services are being peformed with an insufficient number of nurses to cover out-patients. The current law concerns the minimum number of nurses and disregards the required number of nurses for operation rooms, recovery rooms, delivery rooms, new-born baby rooms, central supply rooms and emergency rooms. Accordingly, tile medical treatment law has been requested to be amended. 2) The ratio of doctors to nurses: In university hospitals, the ratio is 1 to 1.1; in national of public hospitals, 1 to 0.8; in religious hospitals 1 to 0.5; and in private hospitals 1 to 0.7. The average ratio is 1 to 0.8; generally the ideal ratio is 3 to 1. Since the number of doctors working in hospitals has been recently increasing, the nursing services have consequently teen overloaded, sacrificing the services to the patients. 3) The ratio of nurses to clerical staff is 1 to 0.4. However, the ideal ratio is 5 to 1, that is, 1 to 0.2. This means that clerical personnel far outnumber the nursing staff. 4) The ratio of nurses to nurse's-aides; The average 2.5 to 1 indicates that most of the nursing service are delegated to nurse's-aides owing to the shortage of registered nurses. This is the main cause of the deterioration in the quality of nursing services. It is a real problem in the guest for better nursing services that certain hospitals employ a disproportionate number of nurse's-aides in order to meet financial requirements. 5) As for the working conditions, most of hospitals employ a three-shift day with 8 hours of duty each. However, certain hospitals still use two shifts a day. 6) As for the working environment, most of the hospitals lack welfare and hygienic facilities. 7) The salary basis is the highest in the private university hospitals, with enterprise hospitals next and religious hospitals and national or public ones lowest. 8) Method of employment is made through paper screening, and further that the appointment of nurses is conditional upon the favorable opinion of the nursing directors. 9) The unemployment ratio for one year in 1971 averaged 29 per cent. The reasons for unemployment indicate that the highest is because of marriage up to 40 per cent, and next is because of overseas employment. This high unemployment ratio further causes the deterioration of efficiency in nursing services and supplementary activities. The hospital authorities concerned should take this matter into a jeep consideration in order to reduce unemployment. 10) The importance of in-service education is well recognized and established. 1% has been noted that on the-job nurses. training has been most active, with nursing directors taking charge of the orientation programs of newly employed nurses. However, it is most necessary that a comprehensive study be made of instructors, contents and methods of education with a separate section for in-service education. 10. Nursing services'activities 1) Division of services and job descriptions are urgently required. 81 per rent of the hospitals keep written regulations of services in accordance with nursing service manuals. 19 per cent of the hospitals do not keep written regulations. Most of hospitals delegate to the nursing directors or certain supervisors the power of stipulating service regulations. In 21 per cent of the total hospitals they have policy committees, standardization committees and advisory committees to proceed with the stipulation of regulations. 2) Approximately 81 per cent of the hospitals have service channels in which directors, supervisors, head nurses and staff nurses perform their appropriate services according to the service plans and make up the service reports. In approximately 19 per cent of the hospitals the staff perform their nursing services without utilizing the above channels. 3) In the performance of nursing services, a ward manual is considered the most important one to be utilized in about 32 percent of hospitals. 25 per cent of hospitals indicate they use a kardex; 17 per cent use ward-rounding, and others take advantage of work sheets or coordination with other departments through conferences. 4) In about 78 per cent of hospitals they have records which indicate the status of personnel, and in 22 per cent they have not. 5) It has been advised that morale among nurses may be increased, ensuring more efficient services, by their being able to exchange opinions and views with each other. 6) The satisfactory performance of nursing services rely on the following factors to the degree indicated: approximately 32 per cent to the systematic nursing activities and services; 27 per cent to the head nurses ability for nursing diagnosis; 22 per cent to an effective supervisory system; 16 per cent to the hospital facilities and proper supply, and 3 per cent to effective in·service education. This means that nurses, supervisors, head nurses and directors play the most important roles in the performance of nursing services. 11. About 87 per cent of the hospitals do not have separate budgets for their nursing departments, and only 13 per cent of the hospitals have separate budgets. It is recommended that the planning and execution of the nursing administration be delegated to the pertinent administrators in order to bring about improved proved performances and activities in nursing services.