• Macromolecular Research
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.290-292
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• 2004

Multimode channel waveguides were fabricated using a direct UV patterning technology from thick films deposited by the one-step dip-coating of an organic/inorganic hybrid material (ORMOCER(equation omitted). The core size of the covered ridge waveguide was 43${\times}$51 $\mu\textrm{m}$$^2$; the waveguides can be readily prepared for multimode applications by direct UV patterning. The waveguides exhibited smooth surface profiles and a low optical loss of 0.07 ㏈/cm at the most important wavelength (850nm) used for optical interconnects.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 1999.06a
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• pp.315-318
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• 1999

As low-cost optical waveguides of optical interconnects, we fabricate multimode optical waveguides using a molding process The core size of a optical waveguide is 47 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ $\times$ 41 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$. We use the photoresist AZ9260 as a master, polydimethyl-siloxane (PDMS) as a mold. In transferring process to polymeric material, we employ a modified micro-transfer molding process. All processes are simple and low-cost.

• Macromolecular Research
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.474-477
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• 2004

We present simple, low-cost methods for the fabrication of polymeric waveguides that have large core sizes for use as optical interconnects. We have used both hot embossing and micro-contact printing techniques for the fabrication of multimode waveguides using the same materials. Rectangular and large-core (60${\times}$60 $\mu\textrm{m}$$^2$) channels were readily prepared when using these methods. The dimensions of the embossed and printed channels were the same as those of the pattern on the original master. The polymeric waveguides that we fabricated with large core sizes exhibited a low propagation loss of 0.1 dB/cm at 850 nm, which indicates that hot embossing and micro-contact printing are suitable techniques for the fabrication of optical waveguides having large-core.

• The Korean Journal of Ceramics
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.89-94
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• 1996

Aluminum and zinc titanium silicate sol-gel films were fabricated for application of waveguide and the effect of additions of ZnO and $Al_2O_3$ to binary titanium silicate films was investigated. During firing, the films are densified as they shrunk and their refractive index increases in the range of 1.58-1.83 depending on the film composition. The attenuation of the waveguides is not sensitive to changes in composition except for zinc titanium silicate waveguides which have substantially higher attenuation. However, the increase in the attenuation with aging of the waveguides depend upon the composition of waveuides. The addition $Al_2O_3$ or the reduced $SiO_2$ content in the composition appears to slow the deterioration of the waveguides due to the formation of more stable bonds and increased acidity on the film surface. Also, the wavelength dependence of the attenuation of the waveguides varies with composition. The attenuation of the waveguides except for the $65SiO_2{\cdot}35TiO_2$ composition are not Rayleigh scatter limited, suggesting the absorption loss of the waveguides due to the effects of residual carbon and structural defects in the films.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics A
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• v.33A no.5
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• pp.149-154
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• 1996

We propose the concept of incident angle of complex number and analyze planar optical waveguides by applying the concept. The incident angle of complex number is concerned with the modeling of prism-gap-waveguide structures. It is shown that, when optical waveguides are analyzed by use of the transfer matrix method, the proposed concept enable us to find solutions faster and more accurately than ghatak's method which introduces the leaky structure.

• Electrical & Electronic Materials
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.298-303
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• 1996

A double diffusion technique is developed to enhance the effective mode index of optical waveguides in $LiTaO_3$. It consists of Zn diffusion from the vapor phase at relatively low temperatures (750->$800^{\circ}C$), into waveguides initially produced by Ti indiffusion at higher temperature (1150->$1200^{\circ}C$). Both X- and Z-cut substrates are investigated. A model that combines profiles of both diffusion is formulated to calculate the expected effective index values for planar waveguides. Good agreement is found between experimental results and model predictions which assume that the initial Ti profile is not affected by the lower temperature Zn diffusion. Effective index enhancements as high as 0.005 and 0.003 are obtained by this method for the fundamental extraordinary and ordinary modes, respectively.

• Korean Journal of Optics and Photonics
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.373-378
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• 1995

Bending losses of bent optical waveguides are calculated by virtue of the finite difference-beam p propagation method in the cylindrical coordinate system. In order to minimize the radiating losses of bent optical waveguides, we apply the trench structure to the bent waveguides and perform the a analysis to keep track of: 1) the influence of curvature radius on the bending loss without the trench, 2) the influence of curvature radius and refractive index difference on the bending loss with the trench, 3) the influence of the trench width on the bending loss.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics D
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• v.35D no.1
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• pp.84-93
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• 1998

Planar graded index optical waveguides have been formed by Ag$^{+}$ ion exchange in the BK7 optical glass. The experimental results of diffusion and modal characteristics of Ag$^{+}$-Na$^{+}$ exchanged BK7 glass waveguides are presented. Measurements of the mode indices have been measured. We found the relations between the process and device parameters such as the diffusion depth and the square root of the diffusion time, diffusion coefficient and diffusion temperature, and diffusion ion concentration and surface index change. A theoretical gaussian function refractive index profile matched best with the measured data for all the guided modes. The empirical relations between the process and the device parameters are derived and subsequently used to formulate a systematic procedure for fabricating singlemode and multimode waveguides.uides.

• Proceedings of the Optical Society of Korea Conference
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• 2008.02a
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• pp.125-126
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• 2008

We investigate characteristics of gold and silver metal strip waveguides based on long range surface plasmon polaritons (LRSPPs) along thin metal strips embedded in a polymer for practical applications at the wavelengths of 1.31 and 1.55 um. Guiding properties of the metal strip waveguides are theoretically and experimentally evaluated. In addition, surrounding technologies such as the development of TM-mode laser, coupling properties, as well as high-speed digital signal transporting experiments will be explained for board-to-board optical interconnections by using the LRSPP waveguides.

• Proceedings of the Optical Society of Korea Conference
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• 2006.07a
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• pp.41-42
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• 2006

An idea for extension of propagation range of surface plasmon-polaritons(SPP), which are guided on metal-strip waveguides, is suggested. Slight modification in refractive indices and/or separation gaps can increase two orders of magnitude in propagation distance of SPPs. Dispersion relations of extended long-range SPP modes excited on vertically coupled SPP waveguides are discussed in detail.