• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• 제16권10호
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• pp.1346-1354
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• 2002

The purpose of this work is to study the effects of specularly reflecting wall under the combined radiative and laminar free convective heat transfer in an infinite square duct. An absorbing and emitting gray medium is enclosed by the opaque and diffusely emitting walls. The walls may reflect diffusely or specularly. Boussinesq approximation is used for the buoyancy term. The radiative heat transfer is evaluated using the direct discrete ordinates method. The parameters under considerations are Rayleigh number, conduction to radiation parameter, optical thickness, wall emissivity and reflection mode. The differences caused by the reflection mode on the stream line, and temperature distribution and wall heat fluxes are studied. Some differences are observed for the categories mentioned above if the order of the conduction to radiation parameter is less than order of 10$\^$-3/ fer the range of Rayleigh number studied. The differences at the side wall heat flux distributions are observed as long as the medium is optically thin. As the top wall emissivity decreases, the differences between these two modes are increased. As the optical thickness decreases at the fixed wall emissivity, the differences also increase. The difference of the streamlines or the temperature contours is not as distinct as the side wall heat flux distributions. The specular reflection may alter the fluid motion.

• 대한기계학회논문집
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• 제18권10호
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• pp.2738-2750
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• 1994

The Effects of radiative heat transfer on turbulent flow in a partitioned enclosure is studied numerically. The enclosure is partially divided by a thin, poorly conducting vertical divider projecting from the ceiling of the enclosure. The low Reynolds number $k-{\epsilon}$ model is adopted to calculate the turbulent flow field. The solutions to the radiative transfer equations are obtained by the discrete ordinates method(DOM). This method is based on control volume method and is compatible with the SIMPLER algorithm used to solve the momentum and energy equations. The effects of optical thickness and Planck number on the flow, temperature fields and heat transfer rates are investigated for a moderate Rayleigh number($=10^9$). The changes in buoyant flow fields and temperature distributions due to the variation of baffle length are also analyzed. From the predictions, radiant heat exchange between the baffle and the sidewalls strongly influences the temperature distribution in the baffle and its vicinity and total heat transfer increases as the optical thickness and the baffle length decrease. It is possible to neglect the radiative heat transfer effect when Planck number is over one.

• 대한원격탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한원격탐사학회 2008년도 International Symposium on Remote Sensing
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• pp.430-432
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• 2008

Visible channel calibration method using deep convective clouds (DCCs) is developed. The method has advantages that visible radiance is not sensitive to cloud optical thickness (COT) for deep convective clouds because visible radiance no longer increases when COT exceeds 100. Therefore, once DCCs are chosen appropriately, and then cloud optical properties can be assumed without operational ancillary data for the specification of cloud conditions in radiative transfer model. In this study, it is investigated whether IR measurements can be used for the selection of DCC targets. To construct appropriate threshold value for the selection of DCCs, the statistics of cloud optical properties are collected with MODIS measurements. When MODIS brightness temperature (TB) at 11 ${\mu}$ m is restricted to be less than 190 K, it is shown that more than 85% of selected pixels show COT ${\geq}$ 100. Moreover, effective radius ($r_e$) distribution shows a sharp peak around 20 ${\mu}m$. Based on those MODIS observations, cloud optical properties are assumed as COT = 200 and $r_e$ = 20 ${\mu}m$ for the simulation of MODIS visible (0.646 ${\mu}m$) band radiances over DCC targets.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.631-636
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• 2002

It is necessary to improve mechanical and optical properties in the optical disk substrates as the information storage devices with high storage density using blue laser are being developed. Injection compression molding is regarded as the most suitable process to manufacture optical disk substrates for quality recording and read-out. In the present research, the effects of mold temperature and the insulation layer thickness on gapwise birefringence and the land-groove pattern were investigated. It was found that the values of the birefringence distribution were very sensitive to mold temperature history, and the level of birefringence reduced and, furthermore, the quality of replication was improved due to the insulation layer.

• 한국광학회지
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• 제12권5호
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• pp.394-400
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• 2001

다층 박막에서의 빛의 반사와 흡수 및 열전달 방정식을 수치해석적으로 풀어 광기록매체용 다층 박막의 광학적 특성과 열전달 특성을 알아보고 이 두 특성들을 모두 고려하여 광기록에 적합한 레이저의 출력 및 지속시간, 다층 박막 구조 상수를 제시하였다. 그 결과 레이저는 650 nm 파장을 기준으로 출력 18mW, 지속 시간 60 nm가 적당하였으며 박막 구조 상수는 ZnS-SiO$_2$140nm, Ge-Sb-Te 20 nm, ZnS-SiO$_2$20~30nm, Al-alloy 100~150 nm가 적당하였다.

• Corrosion Science and Technology
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.125-129
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• 2014

Shinning spot defects on galvanized steel sheets were studied by optical microscope, scanning electron microscope(SEM), Energy Dispersive Spectrometer (EDS) and Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy Original Position Statistic Distribution Analysis (LIBSOPA) in this study. The research shows that the coating thickness of shinning spot defects which caused by the substrate defect is much lower than normal area, and when skin passed, the shinning spot defect area can not touch with skin pass roll which result in the surface of shinning spot is flat while normal area is rough. The different coating morphologies have different effects on the reflection of light, which cause the shinning spot defects more brighter than normal area.

• Current Optics and Photonics
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• 제2권4호
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• pp.378-382
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• 2018

In most previous investigations of plasmonic and metamaterial applications, the metallic film has been regarded as a perfect electrical conductor. Here we demonstrate the resonance characteristics of THz metamaterials fabricated from metal film that has a finite dielectric constant, using finite-difference time-domain simulations. We found strong redshift and spectral broadening of the resonance as we decrease the metal's plasma frequency in the Drude free-electron model. The frequency shift can be attributed to the effective thinning of the metal film, originating from the increase in penetration depth as the plasma frequency decreases. On the contrary, only peak broadening occurs with an increase in the scattering rate. The metal-thickness dependence confirms that the redshift and spectral broadening occur when the effective metal thickness drops below the skin-depth limit. The electromagnetic field distribution illustrates the reduced field enhancement and reduced funneling effects near the gap area in the case of low plasma frequency, which is associated with reduced charge density in the metal film.

• 한국광학회지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.256-263
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• 2007

SELFOC 소재를 사용하여 높은 수치구경을 가지는 광픽업용 대물렌즈를 설계하였다. SELFOC 소재는 radial gradient-index 분포를 가지며, 이것은 설계에 추가적인 자유도를 제공하므로, 비구면이 아닌 구면만으로 높은 수치구경의 대물렌즈의 설계가 가능하다. 이 연구에서는 quadratic constant와 광축의 굴절률, 광축 두께, 입사동 직경을 변화시키며 rms 스폿 직경 변화를 조사하였으며, Code V를 사용하여 대물렌즈의 최적화와 결상특성을 평가하였다. 이 분석에서는 quadratic constant와 광축의 굴절률이 클수록, 렌즈가 두꺼워질수록, 입사동 직경은 작을수록 더 좋은 특성을 보임을 알 수 있었다. 이 결과를 바탕으로 2매의 구면 SELFOC 렌즈로 구성된 높은 NA의 DVR용 대물렌즈를 설계하였으며, 2가지 형태의 해 Solution I, II가 존재하였다 Solution I은 두 매 모두 양의 굴절능을 가지며 compact한 광학계를 구성하지만, 비축 수차 보정이 Solution II에 비해 부족하였다. Solution II는 음-양의 굴절능으로 조합된 광학계로 비축 수차가 비교적 잘 보정되었지만, 광학계의 전장길이가 길고 렌즈의 직경이 커지는 문제점이 있었다.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2009년도 하계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.378-379
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• 2009

High intensity metal halide discharge lamp performance, specifically the generated luminous flux and light color content, depends critically on the arc tube design. Factors influencing the design and consequent lamp efficacy include : lamp size, geometry, arc tube composition, fill chemistry, electrode design and excitation modes. Shaping of Polycrystalline Alumina(PCA) can be realized by conventional ceramic processes. Several processes are applied nowadays. Well-known in the ceramic high pressure field for decades are the pressing and the extrusion method. Newly developed slurry and precious forming technologies give the one-body seamless tubes, which improve thickness uniformity and lighting performance. Now, we reported some optical properties with different arc tube structures of ceramic metal halide lamps.

• 대한기계학회논문집
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.244-250
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• 1981

The rediant heat tranfer and temperature distribution between infinite parallel gray plates at different temperatures separated by an absorbing and emitting gray gas with or without a sinusoidal heat source in the gas are analyzed by Monte Carlo method. The Monte Carlo result were compared with the numerical solution by Usiskin and Sparrow and the exact solution by Hottel in the case of similar problem limited black walls and gas optical thickness is less than two. For gray walls and large optical thichness the results were compared with modified diffusion approximate solution by Deissler.