• Annals of Clinical Neurophysiology
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.87-92
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• 2011

Background: Tarsal tunnel syndrome (TTS) is an entrapment neuropathy that occurs in the ankle. Previous studies reported that this disease was due to physiologic factors and structural lesions in the ankle or foot. The authors investigated the causative factors of TTS and their frequency via operative findings. The diagnostic value of MRI was also evaluated based on the concordance between the operative findings and the MRI findings. Methods: This study was performed in retrospective by using medical record of the patients who underwent operations with TTS from August 2003 to May 2010. Physical examination, nerve conduction study, and MRI were conducted on patients who visited department of neurology or orthopedic surgery due to pain and sensory abnormality of their ankle and foot. Results: 34 patients underwent the operation. Ganglion accounted for the largest portion of the operative findings. In addition, varicose veins, intrinsic foot muscle hypertrophy, tenosynovitis, and fascia thickening were mainly observed. Of the 34 patients, 33 patients underwent pre-operative MRI, of whom 18 patients showed MRI findings consistent with the operative findings. Conclusions: Space-occupying lesions accounted for the majority of the causative factors in TTS patients who underwent the surgical treatment. In this study, the MRI appeared useful for identifying causes of TTS.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.30 no.12
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• pp.1417-1421
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• 2001

Objective : The purposes of this study are to compare imaging features with operative findings and to determine significance of imaging studies for early detection of craniosynostosis(CS). Methods : Plain radiograph of skull and three-dimensional(3D) CT reconstruction were analyzed in 10 consecutive patients with CS to assess the presence and the extent of synostosis. The radiological findings were investigated and compared with operative findings. Results : The locations of lesion were coronal suture in 6, sagittal suture in 3 and multiple sutures in one patient, and the age ranged 1 to 53 months(mean age : 17.4 months). Reconstructive procedures with or without advancement of supraorbital rim were performed in coronal CS patients and ${\pi}$-procedures or synostectomy were done in sagittal CS patients. Radi-ological abnormalities such as sutural indistinctness or sclerosis, bony ridge, bossing and other bony deformities were nearly consistent with surgical findings. Conclusion : The interpretation of imaging study are very important for early detection of craniosynostosis, especially, the plain radiographs of skull. Also 3D CT imaging is helpful in diagnosis and surgical planing of craniosynostosis. There are no significant differences between imaging features and operative findings in CS patients.

• Korean Journal of Bronchoesophagology
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.159-163
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• 2000

The patient with findings of diffuse infiltrative lung on chest X-ray has various causes; therefore, the prognosis is different and the treatment should be changed according to the cause. We are trying to identify the meaning of operative lung biopsy and to 11nd a more accurate and effective procedure. We reviewed 46 medical records of patients with the findings of diffuse infiltrative lung on chest X-ray who had undergone operative lung biopsy or biopsies for 8 years. The open lung biopsy were done in 22 cases(47.8%) and thoracoscopic lung biopsy in 24 cases(52.2%). There is no significant difference in the rate of diagnosis(p=0.452) and the incidence of complications(p=0.155) between these groups. The number of cases with more than two biopsies are 9(19.6%) and that of one biopsy are 37(80.4%). There are no statistical difference in the rate of diagnosis(p=0.928) and the incidence of complications(p=0.125). The postoperative complications occurred in 8 cases,7 cases of air leak more than 7 days and 1 case of respiratory insufficiency. In the diagnosis and treatment of the patients with findings of infiltrative lung on chest X-ray, the operative lung biopsy is the very necessary course, and shows satisfactory rate of diagnosis with negligible complications.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.71-80
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• 1987

Twenty six patients were operated a total correction of tetralogy of Fallot between Jan., 1984 and July, 1985 at the Dept. of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery, Chonnam University Medical School, and a comparison between the survived group [n = 18] and the dead group [n = B was performed to detect factors influencing laboratory data, cineangiographic findings, operative findings and methods, and pump time. Following results were obtained, 1. There was no significant difference between two groups in the preoperative P.O2 and hematocrit level. 2. The size of the interventricular defect was not related to the operative mortality. 3. There was a significant difference in mortality rate between combined type of stenosis of pulmonary artery, valve and infundibulum and other types of right ventricular outflow tract stenosis. 4. There was a significant difference in mortality rate between the transannular patch reconstruction and other types of operative procedure. 5. There was no significant difference between two groups in total bypass time and aortic time. 6. There was no significant difference between two groups in left ventricular end diastolic volume and right ventricular end diastolic volume. 7. The operative mortality was related to the ratio of the diameter of the pulmonary valve annulus or each pulmonary artery to the ascending or descending aorta in cineangiographic findings, but there was no statistical significance of which probably is due to the lack of the total number of patients.

• Advances in pediatric surgery
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.81-87
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• 1996

Although nonoperative reduction plays a major role in the management of uncomplicated intussusception in the pediatric age group, surgical treatment is still a necessary alternative when nonoperative reduction is unsuccessful. The author analyzed the clinical features of 68 patients requiring operation in order to identify factors which might influence the type of operative management. A nine-year experience at Ewha Womans University Hospital was reviewed, and the findings compared to previous reports. Barium was used for the initial reduction attempt in 33 cases, saline in 35. Manual reduction by milking at operation achieved success in 41 cases(60.3%). Fifteen cases(22.1%) required resection of bowel, and 12 patients(17.6%) were found to have spontaneous and complete reduction of the intussusception at operation. Two cases had pathologic leading points. There were no perforations due to nonoperative reduction. There were no significant differences in demographic data, clinical findings, laboratory data, and anatomic type of intussusception between barium and saline reduction groups. However, a significant number of cases with spontaneous reduction were in saline reduction group(p<0.05). There was a slight chance of spontaneous reduction in infants under 6 month of age(p<0.001). Age under 6 month. body temperature over $38^{\circ}C$, symptom over 24 hours, and ileo-colic and ileo-ileo-colic intussusception contributed significantly to the necessity for bowel resection(p<0.05-0.001). The author believes that the age, body temperature, duration of illness, and anatomic type of intussusception strongly influence operative management.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.456-459
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• 2008

Post-operative recurrence of cystic lesion is a great concern for clinician, patients, and their family, especially in case of odontogenic keratocyst, which has aggressive behavior and high recurrence rate. The purpose of this study was to evaluation clinical characters of OKC, focusing of the recurrence rate and proposed critical follow-up period. 58 cases (aged 9 to 66, 33 males and 25 females) of OKC were reviewed for sex of patients, location, size, operative procedure type, radiographic findings, histopathologic findings, post-operative recurrence time, from 2000 to 2005 at Yonsei Medical Center, were selected. The computerized statistical analysis was carried out with SAS system. 18 of 58 cases (31.03%) were recurred and this study revealed no statistically significant difference in recurrence rate for sex, location, size, radiographic findings, histopatologic findings, operative procedure type, recurrence timing. 3 out of 18 cases (16.7%) showed one or more recurrence. This was statistically significant difference (P=.0264). In this study, 15 of 18 cases (83.3%) were observed recurrence during 4 years after removal of the OKCs, we suggest critical follow-up period during 4 years after operation.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.356-363
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• 1992

We have performed left lung transplantations in 15 dogs for one year and six months from June, 1990 to December, 1991 at the Repartment of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Yonsei University College of medicine, Seoul, Korea. These dogs were sacrificed at from operative day to post-operative 15 days when their general conditions were deteriorated. The gross findings of the transplanted lungs were thrombi in left atrium in three cases, partial occlusion of pulmonary artery or pulmonary veins in three cases, hemorrhage at pulmonary arterial anastomotic site in one case and bronchial anastomotic stenosis in two cases, bronchial anastomotic rupture in one case % no abnormal gross findings in four cases. The microscopic findings of the transplanted lungs were hemorrhagic infarction in one case, perivascular hemorrhage or pulmonary edema in two cases, peribronchial inflammatory cell infiltration & pneumonia in three cases, and alveolar type rejection with infiltration of type II pneumocytes and septal thickening in 3 cases. And also there were no abnormal findings including rejection or inflammatory evidences in six cases. The one among these six dogs survived to 15 days without evidence of rejection or inflammatory reaction & died due to postoperative care accident.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics and Logopedics
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.12-19
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• 2000

Background and Objectives : Dysphonia may be secondary to many different type of benign vocal cord lesions such as vocal polyp, vocal nodule, Reinke's edema, and intracordal cyst. Diagnosis and treatment of intracordal cysts are more difficult than other benign vocal cord lesions. But postoperative voice analysis of intracordal cyst have rarely been reported in the literature. The purpose of this study is to analyze aerodynamic and acoustic results and videostroboscopic findings before and after laryngomicrosurgery. Materials and Methods : We reviewed the pre and post-operative voice analysis results and videostroboscopic findings of 15 surgically treated patients of intracordal cysts at Severance hospital from Jun. 1997 to Nov. 1999 retrospectively. They were diagnosed with videostroboscopic findings, surgical findings, and pathologic reports. Their pre and post-operative speech were analyzed with MDVP(Multi Dimension Voice Analysis Program) of CSL(Computerized Speech Lab) and Aerophone II. Their pre and post-operative mucosal wave of true vocal cord was analyzed with videostroboscopy. In order to compare this results with normal group, 10 of normal persons were evaluated with same methods. Results : After the operation, mucosal wave of true vocal cord was improved in all patients. Postoperative acoustic and aerodynamic results were improved in almost parameters, but they did not reach the normal value. Conclusions : Videostroboscopy was essential in diagnosing intracordal cysts. By comparing the acoustic and aerodynamic results and video-stroboscopic findings before and after the laryngomicrosurgery, postoperative vocal function was defined more accurately and objectively. Almost parameters may be useful in assessing the quantitative changes in vocal quality before and after the laryngomicrosurgery.

• Quality Improvement in Health Care
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.90-104
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• 2000

Background : This study was designed to assess the effects of information on the satisfaction of parents and families whose children underwent elective surgery in the Pediatric Operating Room. Methods : We measured parent and family satisfaction with information given before and after offering informational interventions. The data were collected from 510 patients parents and families whose children had undergone elective surgery in the Pediatric Operating Room of Seoul National University Hospital in Seoul. South Korea. The data collection ran from May 3. 1999 to May 30. 1999 and from September 6, 1999 to September 30, 1999. The research instrument consisted of four categories (pre-operative period, intra-operative period, post-operative period, others) and 24 questionnaires. SPSS was used to analyze the data. Results : The major findings of this study are summarized as follows: 1. Before surgery, the satisfaction with the following was increased: the explanations of the necessary preparation for the surgery (6.0%), the time the patient would enter the operating room (20.6%), the operative procedure (2.0%), and the use of the waiting room (10.0%). 2. During the operation, the satisfaction with the situation board (15.1%), public announcements in the waiting room (8.4%), and the answering of the families questions (12.2%) was increased. however, the satisfaction with the surgeons explanations of the surgical outcomes decreased by 8.3%, even though the frequency of these explanations increased by 5%. 3. After surgery, the satisfaction with the following was increased: the explanations of patient's status of recovery(10.3%) the time the patient would be moved from the recovery room (17.6%), how the patient would be transferred to the ward (19.2%), and post-operative care (6.3%). Conclusion : Based upon the above findings, we concluded that pre-, intra-, and post-operative informational interventions were effective in increasing the satisfaction of the parents and families of children undergoing elective surgery.

• Advances in pediatric surgery
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.17-22
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• 2014

The aim of this study was to identify the risk factor related to the need for operative treatment and avoid unnecessary non-operative management for intussusception in children. We retrospectively reviewed medical records of patient treated for intussusception at our institution between January 2006 and January 2013. Clinical features such as gender, age, seasonal variation, symptoms and signs, treatment results were analyzed. Univariate and multivariate analyses including a chi-square test for categorical variables and logistic regression analysis were performed. During the study period, 356 patients were treated for intussusception. 328 (92.1%) was treated successfully by the non-operative pneumoreduction, and 28 (7.9%) required operative management. On univariate analysis, risk factors which were related to the need for operative treatment were age, vomiting, bloody stool, lethargy, and symptoms duration. A logistic regression analysis in order to assess for independent predictors of operative treatment was performed. Age (<6 vs ${\geq}12$ months) (OR 4.713, 95% CI 1.198~18.539, p=0.027) and symptoms duration longer than 48 hours (OR 4.534, 95% CI 1.846~11.137, p=0.001) were significantly associated with a requirement for operative treatment. We conclude that younger age and a longer duration of symptoms (${\geq}48$ hours) are the independent risk factor related to the need for operative treatment for intussusception. Early surgical intervention or transfer to a hospital with pediatric surgical capabilities should be considered for patients with these findings.