• 한국윤활학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국윤활학회 1998년도 제28회 추계학술대회
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• pp.358-364
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• 1998

Lubricational characteristics at the interface between the piston ring and the cylinder liner are considered in this paper. To verify that surface shape and operating conditions of the engine can affect the state of lubrication, the changes of the minimum film thickness and friction force are calculated with various conditions. Oil starvation and open-end boundary condition are used to determine computational boundaries as reported on previous paper for lubrication analysis for the piston ring. From this analysis, it can be found that lubricational characteristics are seriously affected by degree of oil starvation, surface shape and operating conditions.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.62-66
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• 2006

The objective of this thesis is to measure the limit of the real space where wireless Local Area Network (LAN) is used, and to apply this result as reference to set up a real Wireless LAN environment. The organized circumference was composed of Wireless LAN based on IEEE 802.11b of the American standard, and the examination is carried out on the campus. On the real condition of office environment and open space, the ratio of available distance to a signal at each distance was measured and this result was studied as data to embody wireless LAN on the campus. The measurement under an indoor environment was executed under circumstance having two walls and open space, however, was executed respectively under three circumstances: Where no obstacle, where one wall exists, and where two or more walls exist.

• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.103-113
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• 2007

In Korea, open spaces of urban housing do not serve residents as "regular living areas". We carried out research on the "streets" of urban housings in that the meaning of traditional "streets", playing roles which are not only means of passage but also boundary of life, cannot include present meaning of "streets" of the urban housing. This research is to propose the direction of planning Community Streets for the recovery of the public- and communal urban housing's streets, researching the present employment condition of Community Streets that were prepared recently. Working with 3 complexes which have been completed since 2000, We studied the present employment condition and planned signification, according to the conditions of their surroundings, the physical conditions of Community Streets, and the relationship among main apartment buildings, open spaces, and facilities. From this study, We came up with several suggestions that can present the planning line of Community Streets. Therefore this research is to create the Community Streets for the activity of the streets, the recovery of the community, and improvement of ambulatory environment.

• 물과 미래
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.67-76
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• 1988

수심에 대하여 평균을 취한 2차원 연속방정식 및 운동방정식에 Galerkin형 유한요소법이 적용되어 개수로 단면급확대부의 순환현상을 해석하였다. 모형의 타당성실험이행하여진 단순한 수로에서의 파동실험결과, 본 모형이 L2오차 0.5% 이내에서 만족스럽게 수렴학 있으며, 댐파괴시 수면곡선해석에서도 수치해와 정확도가 거의 일치하는매우 양호한 결과가 도출되어 모형의 타당성 및 유용성이 제시된다. 순환흐름 해석시 초기조건으로 주수로부의 흐름을 정의하는 새로운 조건이 도입되어 이용되었고, 측벽경계조건으로는 Neumann 조건 이외에 slip 조건을 취하여 실험한 결과 slip 조건이 no-slip 조건일 때의 강한 경계층을 배제하는 타당한 측별경계조건으로 판단된다. 본 모형을 개수로단면급확대부에 적용한 결과 하상마찰 및 유효전단에 기인된 난류의 영향은 크지 않은 반면 이송가속도는 순환흐름에 지대한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다.

• Ocean Science Journal
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• 제40권4호
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• pp.191-200
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• 2005

In this study an analytical tide model of uniform width with three sub-regions is presented. The three-subregions model takes into account step-like variations in depths in the direction of the channel as a way to examine the $M_2$ tide of the East China Sea (ECS) as well as the Yellow Sea (YS). A modified Proudman radiation condition has been applied at the northern open head, while the sea surface elevation is specified at the southern open boundary. It is seen that, due to the presence of an abrupt change in depth, co-amplitude lines of the $M_2$ tide are splitted to the east and west near the end of the ECS shelf region. Variations in depths, bottom friction and the open head boundary conditions all contribute to the determination of formation of amphidromes as well as overall patterns of $M_2$ tidal distribution. It is seen that increasing water depth and bottom friction in the ECS shelf results in the westward shift of the southern amphidrome. There is however no hint at all of the well-known degenerated tidal pattern being formed. It is inferred that a lateral variation of water depth has to be somehow incorporated to represent the tidal patterns in ECS in a realistic manner. Regarding the radiation factor introduced by Fang et al. (1991), use of a value larger than one, possibly with a phase shift, appears to be a proper way of incorporating the reflected waves from the northern Yellow Sea (NYS).

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제41권8호
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• pp.553-561
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• 2017

본 연구에서는 산업용 가열 설비에 대한 연소 유동장과 복합 열전달 해석을 위하여 오픈소스 기반의 3차원 해석 시스템을 구축하고 실제 운전 중인 재가열로에 대한 해석을 통해 유용성을 확인하였다. 효율적인 가열로 전용 해석 체계를 위하여 오픈소스 OpenFOAM 라이브러리를 적용함으로써 다양한 해석 기능들을 추가로 개발할 수 있는 확장성과 상용 프로그램 도입에 비하여 경제성 측면에서도 장점들을 가지고 있다. 개발된 프로그램을 활용하여 실제 연속 아연 도금 강판 생산 공정 내의 수평형 소둔로에 대한 해석을 수행하였다. 해석 결과로부터 대상 가열 설비의 가열 성능은 고온 연소 기체에 의한 대류 보다는 복사 열전달 효과가 지배적이며, 이송되는 강판 표면으로 유입되는 복사 열전달량은 총 열전달량의 76% 수준으로 분석되었다. 현 가열로 전용 해석 시스템은 핵심적인 가열 설비 해석 기능을 포함하고 있지만, 다양한 연소 조건에 적용 가능한 난류 연소 모델과 가열로 벽면 열경계에 대한 추가적인 연구가 필요함을 확인하였다.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.445-460
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• 2011

The objective of this study was to construct and assess the applicability of the EFDC model for Saemangeum Reservoir as a 3D hydrodynamic and water quality modeling tool that is necessary for the effective management of water quality and establishment of conservation measures. The model grids for both reservoir system only and reservoir-ocean system were created using the most recent survey data to compare the effects of different downstream boundary conditions. The model was applied for the simulations of temperature, salinity, water quality variables including chemical oxygen demand (COD), chlorophyll-a (Chl-a), phosphorus and nitrogen species and algal biomass, and validated using the field data obtained in 2008. Although the model reasonably represented the temporal and spatial variations of the state variables in the reservoir with limited boundary forcing data, the salinity level was underestimated in the middle and upstream of the reservoir when the flow data were used at downstream boundaries; Sinsi and Garyuk Gates. In turn, the error caused to increase the bias of water quality simulations, and inaccurate simulation of density flow regime of river inflow during flood events. It is likely because of the loss of momentum of sea water intrusion at downstream boundaries. In contrast to flow boundary conditions, the mixing between sea water and freshwater was well reproduced when open water boundary condition was applied. Thus, it is required to improve the downstream boundary conditions that can accommodate the real operations of the sluice gates.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지하수토양환경학회 2006년도 총회 및 춘계학술발표회
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• pp.398-401
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• 2006

Two landfills of this study containing municipal wastes without any bottom liner and leachate treatment system have different landfill age, waste volume and most importantly different hydrogeologic settings. The one (Cheonan) is situated in an open flat area while the other (Wonju) is located in a valley. In the interior of the landfills, typical anaerobic conditions revealed by low DO and ${NO_3}^-$ concentrations, negative ORP values, high $NH_3$, alkalinity and $Cl^-$ concentrations were observed. Generally higher levels of contaminants were detected in the dry season while those were greatly lowered in the wet season. Significantly large decrease of Cl concentration in the wet season indicates that the dilution or mixing is one of dominant attenuation mechanisms of leachate. But detailed variation behaviors in the two landfills are largely different and they were most dependent on permeability of surface and subsurface layers. The intermediately permeable surface of 1.he landfills receives part of direct rainfall infiltration but most rainwater is lost to fast runoff. The practically impermeable surface of clayey silt (paddy field) at immediately adjacent to the Cheonan landfill boundary prevented direct rainwater infiltration and hence redox condition of the groundwaters were largely affected by that of the upper landfill and the less permeable materials beneath the paddy fields prohibited dispersion of the landfill leachate into downgradient area. In the Wonju landfill, there exist three different permeability divisions, the landfill region, the sandy open field and the paddy field. Roles of the landfill and paddy regions are very similar to those at the Cheonan. The very permeable sandy field receiving a large amount of rainwater infiltration plays a key role in controlling redox condition of the downgradient area and contaminant migration.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제17권8호
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• pp.165-171
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• 2000

In this study the 4-way spool valve characteristics are clearly defined and clearly defined and proposed new type of spool valve. This paper presents governing equations of the flow through clearances between sleeve and spool as a model of orifice flow for null characteristics analysis and programmed analysis software of it. This software is possible to basically analysis that not only which case of open center closed center or critical center but _ -displacement of spool lab position boundary region and spool opening of the valve and to estimate the pressure variation in the spool and external leak flow variation. We are convinced that the scale of load pressure difference is changed as lab condition of valve and this scale is changed with boundary point on the annular clearance. It is vary useful to designer and user of spool valve with this design data and analysis software.

• 한국추진공학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.33-45
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• 2019

본 연구에서는 좌, 우로 배치된 대칭형 핀틀 노즐의 고도 변화와 핀틀 위치 변화에 따른 특성을 파악하기 위해 수치해석을 수행하였다. 핀틀 노즐 형상은 선행연구를 수행한 직선형 핀틀 노즐을 사용하였고, 연소실 경계조건은 추진제 연소특성을 고려하였다. 해석을 수행할 유동해석 프로그램으로 사각노즐, 핀틀 노즐, 고고도 조건의 검증해석을 수행하여 적절한 해석기법을 설정하였다. 핀틀 위치는 full close, half open, full open 의 3가지 서로 다른 노즐 목 크기조건을 설정하였고, 고도는 0, 5, 20 km 조건을 설정하였다. 각 조건별 추력과 핀틀의 구동하중, 정적 안정성을 비교하여 연구를 수행하였다.