• IEMEK Journal of Embedded Systems and Applications
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.198-206
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• 2008

Internet protocol television (IPTV), one of the most emerging services, offers multimedia streaming services with security, reliability, and relevant quality of service (QoS)/quality of experience (QoE). It provides added values to all the involving players and also brings technical and business challenges to them. For IPTV services, we expect to adopt the next generation network (NGN) environment for high quality and the Web technologies for personalization to meet the customer's necessity. Web can provide an open, flexible, and agile platform. Therefore, in this paper, we propose personalized IPTV services based on Web-based open platform in NGN environment and present functional architecture for Web-based personalized IPTV services. Technical issues for deploying the proposed IPTV services using Web are also provided. The objective of this paper is to analyze the critical architectural issues for developing viable and feasible networking platform models for personalized IPTV services.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2000.04b
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• pp.45-47
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• 2000

지리정보시스템 클라이언트는 Open API를 이용한 개방형((Open)구조를 지향하고 있으며 OpenGIS는 다양한 데이터 소스간의 상호운용을 지우 하는 개방형 지리정보시스템의 표준으로 자리를 잡아가고 있다. 따라서 기존의 패쇄환경(Closed Environment)에서 행해졌던 공간 데이터 동시 수정의 연구는 OLE DB와 같은 개방환경(Open Environment)에서 연구될 필요가 있다. 기존의 기법을 OLE DB에 적용할 때 문제점으로 제기되는 것은 첫째, 공간데이터 수정을 위한 변경 제어가 서버측에 위치함으로써 서버에 따라 재작성 되어야 하는 문제가 있고, 둘째, 서버의 데이터를 중복 저장하고 있는 클라이언트 데이터에 대한 일관성 유지를 위해 클라이언트의 변경 내용은 다른 클라이언트에게 통보되어야 하지만 OLE DB의 통보 메커니즘은 Rowset을 공유하는 동일 클라이언트 내에서의 통보만 가능한 구조이다. 본 논문은 공간데이터베이스 서버에 의존적인 서버부분의 기능을 미들웨어에서 구현함으로써 서버 모듈의 재작성 문제를 해결하고 서로 다른 클라이언트간의 변경 전파 프로토콜을 제시하여 서버와 독립적으로 운용할 수 있는 공간데이터 변경을 위한 OLE DB서비스 제공자 프로토콜을 설계하고 구현한 결과를 보인다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2024.05a
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• pp.381-382
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• 2024

Open RAN(Radio Access Network)을 선도적으로 연구하고 있는 O-RAN Alliance에서는 Open RAN의 E2 인터페이스에서 발생 가능한 보안 위협 중 하나로 MitM(Man-in-the-Middle) 공격을 명시하였다. 그러나 이에 대응하기 위한 보안 요구사항으로는 3계층 보안 프로토콜인 IPsec 사용을 명시하고 있으며, 2계층 공격인 ARP(Address Resolution Protocol) 스푸핑에 대한 요구사항은 명시하고 있지 않다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 MitM 공격 중 하나인 ARP 스푸핑으로부터 E2 인터페이스를 보호하기 위해, Near-RT RIC의 ARP 테이블에서 E2 인터페이스로 연결되는 장비에 대한 MAC 주소를 정적으로 설정할 수 있는 xApp을 제안한다.

• Journal of Korean Clinical Nursing Research
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.161-172
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• 2016

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop a nursing protocol for care of hospitalized foreign patients based on necessary nursing care and to evaluate content validity and practical applicability. Methods: A survey was conducted to identify the need for protocol development and to prioritize necessary content to be included in the protocol (N=110). A draft protocol was developed, and 7 experts and 115 nurses evaluated content validity and practical applicability of the protocol. Results: Results of the needs survey showed that all participants agreed there is a need for a protocol. Based on the survey results, a protocol was developed which included: regional culture and healthcare, admission/discharge care, surgical care, pain management, care in diagnostic testing, medication administration, and blood transfusion. Score on the experts' evaluation of content validity of the protocol was $3.66{\pm}0.28$. Practical applicability score was $3.61{\pm}0.29$ in the experts' group and $3.16{\pm}0.11$ in the nurses' group. Total score for validity of the overall content was $29.46{\pm}5.62$. Conclusion: The nursing protocol developed in this study for care of hospitalized foreign patients can contribute to improvement in quality of nursing care for these patients and can also be used as a teaching guideline to educate nurses.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.19 no.7
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• pp.59-70
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• 2014

This paper propose a new wireless multi-hop routing protocol that takes the hierarchical mesh of the hybrid WMN into account. WMN that is possible to provide various applications of wireless networks still has many open issues that should be solved despite the studies carried out over a decade. Especially, in routing protocol area, a problem degrading the routing efficiency by applying one of the routing protocols, which are designed for the MANET, to the hybrid WMN be solved above all. For the improvement of the routing performance, both good routing protocol and metric are essential. However, the recent studies are only concentrated in routing metric by use of the cross-layer design. Therefore, this paper is dedicated to the routing protocol that is essential for the performance of the routing but needed more studies. The proposed protocol in this paper is reactive, and designed to reorganize the hybrid WMN with several pseudo domains, and carry out domain-based route decision. By the simulation result for the performance analysis of the proposed protocol, the average delay for the route decision was decreased by 43% compared to AODV that is the typical reactive protocol.

• Journal of Korea Game Society
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.21-28
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• 2006

This study focused on design and implementation of Mobile 3D Bluetooth Engine based on OpenGL-ES. In Mobile 3D network game so far, there is a form the mainstream of wireless internet game using WAP and VM. But, VM game are popular because of an excessive communication expense problem for this mobile network game that occur when connect to wireless internet as point out to problem by it, that is, stand-alone game are very popular. This study introduce a mobile 3D Bluetooth Engine which is based on mobile 3D standard using OpenGL-ES to solve a mobile network game generally that occurs when connect to take pleasure a wireless internet from some people into a short distance.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.4 no.5
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• pp.87-96
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• 2003

The additional mechanism is required to set up a secure connection among the communication subjects in the internet environment. Each entity should transfer and receive the encrypted and hashed data to guarantee the data integrity. Also, the mutual authentication procedure should be processed using a secure communication protocol. Although the OpenSSL which implements the TLS is using by many developers and its stability and performance are proved, it has a difficulty in using because of its large size. So, this paper designs and implements the secure communication which the users can use easily by modification works of OpenSSL library API. We proved the real application results using the client/server case which supports a secure communication using the implemented API.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
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• v.47 no.7
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• pp.118-127
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• 2010

Current TCP/IP-based Internet architecture has been used for over 30 years, however it will confront with fundamental problems due to new protocol extension limitation since communication environments will change drastically and various user requirements will be emerging in near future. To solve these problems, major countries have started Future Internet researches based on clean slate approach and they will deploy large-scale testbed to experiment and verify new functions. OpenFlow switch technology has been proposed as a new experimental technology for independent protocol that can utilized the legacy network devices and does not interfere with the production Internet traffic. Korea also started Future Internet testbed project called FIRST and OpenFlow switch with NetFPGA card will be used to deploy this testbed. To interconnect distributed testbed using OpenFlow switches, logical tunnel should be established by encapsulating MAC frame inside a unicast IP packet between OpenFlow switches because OpenFlow switches are not directly connected. In this paper, we have implemented a NetFPGA-based that performs MAC in IP tunneling between various OpenFlow switch sites implemented in domestic research network KOREN. The performance evaluation shows that the NetFPGA-based capsulator reveals better performance than the software-based tunneling and it can be utilized as a testbed for experimentation of Future Internet technologies.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2008.05a
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• pp.295-297
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• 2008

Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) has become the call control protocol of choice for Voice over IP (VoIP) networks because of its open and extensible nature. However, the integrity of call signaling between sites is of utmost importance, and SIP is vulnerable to attackers when left unprotected. Currently a hop-by-hop security model is prevalent, wherein intermediaries forward a request towards the destination user agent server (UAS) without a user agent client (UAC) knowing whether or not the intermediary behaved in a trusted manner. This paper presents an integrated security model for SIP-based VoIP network by combining hop-by-hop security and end-to-end security.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.168-172
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• 2010

The Network-based handover still has problems such as the transmission delays and the packet losses in the case of macro mobility, though technological advances have been made in the wireless and mobile communication. For end-to-end handover, the link bandwidth has been reduced in the wireless network due to its burst errors and congestion control. To overcome such problems, we propose a new scheme of the macro handover according to the protocol layer. The proposed macro handover is implemented on the network layer to partially substitute wired signaling for wireless signaling, to flexibly employ buffers, and on the transport layer to postpone its retransmission time. We have performed extensive simulation using ns-2 and the result shows that our proposed scheme outperforms the other existing schemes in terms of transmission delay, packet loss, and data transfer rate during the handovers.