• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.232-240
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• 1985

Preoperative and postoperative psychiatric evaluation were done for 51 patients who were undergoing open-heart surgery. The incidence of postoperative psychopathological complications following open-heart surgery was 27.5%. This rate is comparable to that of previous studies. Neurotic reactions occurred in eight patients, delirium in five, and acute psychotic reaction in one. Of those variables which were previously suggested to influence the high incidence, the demographic factors and the severity of preoperative illness were correlated with postoperative psychopathologic dysfunctions. No somatic variable associated with intraoperative or postoperative procedures has been proven to correlate. By preoperative psychiatric evaluations, the patients could be divided into three groups: the Anxiety group, the Denial group, and the Adjusted group. The most important psychological finding was that in patients who demonstrated a high degree of preoperative anxiety or who could not express preoperative anxiety, postoperative psychological complications developed more frequently. With these findings, the preoperative psychiatric interview was recommended for prevention and reduction of postoperative psychiatric complications.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.534-536
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• 1985

In a review of our cases presenting with urethral strictures, we noted a high incidence following open heart surgery. In an attempt to elucidate factors predisposing to the occurrence of urethral stricture, we studied the following data; preoperative laboratory study, aortic clamp time, dosage of heparin and protamine, degree of hypothermia, platelet count, and blood pressure. No significant differences were found between the stricture group and the non-stricture group. Of 33 patients admitted in our hospital with urethral stricture, 8 had suffered after open heart surgery. We believe that the urethral catheter is at least partly responsible for stricture formation. Associated factor, for example urethral ischemia, may be contributory.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.282-293
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• 1993

From Sep. 1985 to Dec. 1992, total 1000 cases of open heart surgery [OHS] were performed in the department of Thoracic & Cardiovascular Surgery, Pusan Paik Hospital, College Of Medicine, Inje University.Among the total 1,000 cases of OHS, there were 823 cases with congenital heart diseases [CHD] and 177 cases with acquired heart diseases [AHD]. The age distribution was 9 days [4.0 kg] to 49 years in CHD and 11 to 64 years in AHD, In the 823 cases of CHD, there were 763 acyanotic cases and 60 cyanotic cases. The CHD cases consisted of 520 VSD [63.2 %], 177 ASD [21.5 %], 60 TOF[7.3 %], 27 PS [3.3 %], 17 ECD [2.1%], 7 Valsalva sinus rupture [0.9 %], 4 TGA [0.5 %], 3 Ebstein`s anomaly [0.4%], 3 DORV[0.4%], and others. The corrective operations were applied for congenital heart disease with the result of 2. 8 % hospital mortality. In the 177 AHD, 168 cases were valvular heart diseases, 7 cases were cardiac tumors and one LA thrombus and one annuloaortic ectasia. In the 168 valvular heart diseases, there were 115 single valve replacement cases [16 AVR, 99 MVR], 20 cases of double valve replacement[AVR & MVR], 15 cases of MVR with TVA, and 10 cases of AVR, MVR with TVA. The total implanted prosthetic valves were 199`. In MVR, 66 of St. Jude Medical valves, 78 ofCarpentier-Edward valves, and 5 of Ionescu-Shiley valves were used. In AVR, 38 of St. Jude Medical valves and 12 of Carpentier-Edward valves were used.The hospital operation mortality rate of congenital acyanotic, cyanotic, and acquired heart diseases were 1.6%, 18.3 % and 3.4% respectively. The overall mortality rate was 2.9 % [29/1000].

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.193-194
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• 2000

A 45-year-old woman was diagnosed as having chylothorax after a mitral valve replacement for mitral stenosis. direct injury of lymphatics in thymus a ramification of thoracic duct was presumed to be responsibe for this complication. Four weeks of conservative treatment failed and surgical treatment was performed, We report a case of surgical treatment for chlyothorax after and open heart surgery.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.75-82
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• 1983

This report is concerned to our experience of 10 cases of open heart surgery under the extracorporeal circulation at the Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Capital Armed Forces General Hospital during the period between May, 1982 and February, 1983. 1. Six cases were male and two cases were female. Age was varied from 21 years to 50 years and mean age was 34 years. 2. The cases included 2 Ventricular Septal Defects, 1 Atrial Septal Defect, I Tetralogy of Fallot and 6 acquired valvular heart diseases. 3. The surgical managements were 3 primary repairs for Ventricular Septal Defects and Atrial Septal Defect, I total correction for Tetralogy of Fallot and 6 mitral valve replacements with bovine xenograft by Ionescu-Shiley combining 3 Tricuspid annuloplasties [ De Vega method ] and 1 deauricularization of left atrial appendage for acquired valvular heart diseases. 4. The average cardiopulmonary bypass time was 37 minutes for acyanotic congenital heart diseases and 92 minutes for cyanotic heart disease and acquired valvular heart diseases. And the average aortic cross clamping time was 19 minutes for the former and 70 minutes for the latter. 5. Postoperatively, there were 1 hemolytic anemia, 1 congestive heart failure, 1 hemolytic jaundice and 1 thermal burn as complications, but there was no operative mortality. 6. All patients received valve replacement were recommended anticoagulation with Persantin and Aspirin.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.394-404
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• 1980

During the period of June 1976 October 1980 131 cases of Open heart Surgery was performed at the National Medical Center in Seoul under the extracorpocal circulation. 77 cases were congenital heart disease and 54 were acquired heart disease. The age of the patients ranged between 2$\frac{1}{2}$ and 51 years. For all patients partial hemodilution technique and moderte hypothermia was used during extracorporeal circulation and cardioplegia was done for myocardial protection since April 1978. 41 of congenital cases were non-cyanotic group and 1 case died. 36 of congenital cases were cyanotic group and revealed very high mortiality rate (16 death, 39%). 53 of acquired cases were cases of valvular heart disease, 34 mitral (3 death), 1 aortic, 4 mitral with aortic 12 mitral with tricuspid (3 death), 2 triple valves (2 death), and revealed mortality rate of 15.1% (8 death). 1 of acquired cases were left atrial myxoma. There were 25 cases of operative death and over all motality rate was 19.1%.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.24 no.8
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• pp.741-750
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• 1991

Between April, 1986 and July, 1991, 477 patients underwent open heart surgery with hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass. There were 242 patients [50.7%] of acyanotic congenital anomalies, 34 patients [7.1%] of cyanotic congenital anomalies, and 187 patients [39.2%] of acquired heart diseases, 8 patients [1.7%] of coronary artery diseases, and 6 patients [1.3%] of mixed anomalies. Among the 276 congenital cardiac anomalies, 147 patients [53.3%] were male and 129 patients [46.7%] were female, ranged in age from 2 years to 58 years. Among the 187 acquired heart diseases, 72 patients [38.5%] were male and 115 patients [61.5%] were female, ranged in age from 10 years to 68 years. The common congenital defect were VSD and ASD in acyanotic cardiac patients, and TOF in cyanotic cardiac patients. Among the 187 acquired heart diseases, 180 patients underwent operation for cardiac valvular diseases, 4 patients were resected left atrial myxoma, and 3 patients underwent operation for aortic regurgitation with ascending aortic aneurysm. The operative mortality rate was 1.2% in acyanotic cardiac patients, 11.8% in cyanotic cardiac patients, and 6.9% in acquired cardiac patients, with overall mortality rate 4.2%.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.75-78
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• 1985

From April, 1984 to January, 1985, 57 cases of cardiovascular surgeries were performed at Yeung Nam University Hospital consisting 31 cases of open heart surgery and 26 cases of ligating patent ductus arteriosus. Among 31 cases of open heart surgery, all cases are congenital acyanotic heart disease except a case of rheumatic aortic valvular heart diseases taken aortic valve replacement with Bjrk-Shiley 25mm. Only 2 cases of transient hemoglobinuria were complicated. A case of surgical mortality was present died of acute respiratory failure and intractable arrhythmia, which resulting 3.2% of mortality rate.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.17-22
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• 1992

The alterations in serum and urine potassium were studied in twenty two patients who underwent open heart surgery using extracorporeal circulation from June 1990 to August 1990 at the Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, School of Medicine, Kei-myung University. There were fifteen cases congenital heart disease and seven acquired heart disease. The serum and urine potassium levels were measured pre-, intra- and postoperatively until seventh postoperative day using ionic selective electrode measuring method. After general anesthesia, the serum potassium level decreased significantly but slowly increased during.cardiopulmonary bypass and returned preoperative level after operation. The urine potassium level decreased slowly from general anesthesia to cardiopulmonary bypass weaning but returned preoperative level following operation. During cardiopulmonary bypass, serum and urine potassium levels in diuretic group were lower than that of non diuretic group. There was no remarkable difference in the serum potassium level between single RA cannulation group and bicaval cannulation group preoperatively, but the serum potassium level in single RA cannulation group was much higher than that of bicaval cannulation group. There was no significant difference in the urine potassium level between single RA can-nulation group and bicaval cannulation group postoperatively.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.562-572
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• 1989

The changes of serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase [SGOT], serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase [SGPT], serum lactic dehydrogenase [LDH] and serum creatine phosphokinase [CPK] were examined during and after the open heart surgery. In the total of 52 patients with heart diseases including 40 cases of congenital heart anomalies and 12 cases of acquired valvular heart diseases who undergone open heart surgery under cardiopulmonary bypass. The results obtained are as follows: 1. The average value of SGOT before surgery was 30.27 [ 18:86 units. The enzyme was reached to the maximum of 139.88 [ 89.43 units on the 1st day after the operation [p< 0.05], the enzyme activity was gradually decreased from the 3rd day after the operation, returned to the normal range on the 7th day after the operation. 2. The average value of SGPT before surgery was 14.36 [ 7.45 units. The enzyme was reached to the maximum of 34.67 [ 27.64 units on the 2nd day after the operation, but it was valueless statistically, the enzyme activity was gradually decreased from the 3rd day after the operation, returned to the normal range on the 5th day after the operation. 3. The average value of LDH before surgery was 263.07 * 86.66 units. The enzyme was reached to the maximum of 662.29 * 303.60 units on the 2nd day after the operation [p < 0.05], the enzyme activity was gradually decreased from the 5th day after the operation, returned to the normal range on the 7th day after the operation. 4. The average value of CPK before surgery was 141.35 * 43.44 units. The enzyme was reached to the maximum of 377.42 [ 222.02 units on the 1st day after the operation [p < 0.05], the enzyme activity was gradually decreased from the 5th day after the operation, returned to the normal range on the 7th day after the operation. 5. In the relationships of the serum enzymes and duration of the extracorporeal circulation, the values on the group over 90 minute of the extracorporeal circulation were increased than on the group below 90 minute of the extracorporeal circulation, but it was valueless statistically.