• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.1-5
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• 2000

This study was conducted to investigate the growth characteristics of four barley cultivars to NaCl stress of 100mM on 10 March (Tillering stage) and 10 April(Panicle formation stage). Plant grown in Wagner pot(1/5,000 a) with sand culture. Plant height, root length, leaf number and tillering number reduced by NaCl stress and tillering number was shorter than any other character. The reduction of those with NaCl treatment was more severe in 10 March treatment compared to in 10 April it. Leaf, root and straw weight were decreased with NaCl treatment and root weight was more sensitive than any others on 10 March and 10 April treatment. One hundred grain weight (g) in grain component was the most severe in 10 March treatment and panicle number per plant was the most severe in 10 April treatment. The result also varied depending on the cultivars and the time of NaCl stress. In terms of yield component, salt sensitivity was low in order of Bunong, Chalssalbori, Dongbori 1, and Neulssalbori in 10 March and Neulssalbori, Dongbori 1, Bunong and Chalssalbori in 10 April treatment by 100mM NaCl.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.61-66
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• 1986

A small pot experiment, filled with one hundred fifty gram of Cd amended soil, was conducted in order to learn the effect of combined application of lime and organic matter and of calcium silicate on Chinese cabbage(Brassica pekinensis, Var. Seoul, Heungnong, Miho 70 days). Results obtained are as follows: 1. The application of lime without organic matter depressed the growth of cabbage at the first and second harvests, but, at the later part of third harvest the growth was facilitated so as to harvest very good yield. 2. The combined application of lime and organic matter gave not only a good growth of cabbage from the first crop, but also lowered the cadmium content of dry cabbage bellow that of cabbage harvested from the plot applied with slaked lime alone. Those effect of combined application of both materials were lasted untill the third harvest. 3. Although gave little effect on soil pH, calcium silicate raised a normal good cabbage, and depressed the cadmium content of dry cabbage, by 0.21 me per 100g, which is higher than that of slaked lime plot cabbage, but within the range of no harm to cabbage growth. 4. The control and organic matter plots resulted in a remarkable soil pH drop and high cadmium content in dry cabbage, which lead the crop to a death from the second crop. 5. A negative correlation was observed between the contents of cadmium and calcium in dry cabbage crop, but positive correlations between those of cadmium and magnesium or cadmium and potassium. These relations were grown up as the harvesting were proceeding.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.463-472
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• 1990

This research was carried out as a basic survey to provide more effective and improved food service for the soliders of the Armed Forces who are serving to defend the Republic of Korea subjects were selected randomly who were serving in the army for a short-term. Following is the result of a survey regarding the situation of their meals, dietary life, and their food preference of 190 kinds of foodstuffs. As a result of surveying the dietary life of the soldiers, they indicated that there was dissatisfaction in the current Food Service because it lacked tasted and the same kind of meals were being served too frequently with regard to this, many subjects expressed that they were eating out because of the quality of they get from the regular meal service the meals, that is they were eating in restaurants to resolve their dissatisfaction over the quality of the meals. It was also surveyed that in the current meals there is a need to diversify ways in preparing food, increase the number of dishes, and improve the tasts of the food by using improved cooking method. It seemed that the soldiers were satisfied in the quantitative level of the current food service but that there is a need to improve the meals in quality. Following is the result of a survey on the preference of foodstuffs. In case of rice as the stationary food, mixture of five-grain plain white cooked rice showed a higher propensity compared to plain whte boiled rice. This shows that soliders prefer various cereals in their rice. Soliders liked soup made from meat better than vegetable soup or soup made from fish. Especially there was a high performance for beef soup. Soliders liked One-dish meals such as fried rice or boiled rice with asserted mixtures, noodled, and dumplings on the whole-soliders generally liked vegetables and they liked uncooked vegetables better than cooked vegetables. Generally everyone liked beverages and there was a high preference for dessert. Among various rice cakes soliders liked songpyon(rice cake steamed on a layer of pine needles) and injolmi (cake made from glutinous rice). On the other hand, soliders did not like food prepared with fish, biscuits and candy very much. In the way of preparing food, soliders liked food that were fried in deep far rather than food cooked in water. Also they liked pot stem better than soup. As examined in the survey, those surveyed wanted improvement in the quality and diversity of the food rather than increase the number of food and quality. Therefore there is a need for diversified supply and demand of quality of meal service.

• The Journal of the Petrological Society of Korea
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.154-165
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• 2008

Rock bowls and pots used in restaurants are one of the popular usages of natural rocks in Korea. Most rock bowls and pots are made of Mg- and Ca-rich amphibolite composed of hornblende, actinolite, tremolite, diopside, plagioclase. Hornblende occurs as prismatic crystal habit, and belongs to Mg-hornblende to tschermakite. Actinolite and tremolite occur as acicular form (aspect ratio $0.10{\sim}0.13$), and ranges 0.65 to 0.90 in Mg/(Mg+Fe) ratio. These acicular actinolite and tremolite are non-asbestos minerals. However to use of rocks containing these minerals as tableware it is needed to regulatory guidelines for stability and utility based on petrological and mineralogical characteristics. Discrepancy of rock occurrence and mineral chemistry between commercial rock bowls and original rocks indicate that most rock bowls are made of uncertain amphibolite in original location. Consequently, there is a potential risk to use inappropriate amphibolites as tableware. Therefore, it is needed to systematically research on geology and biology, and manage commercial rock bowls and pots used in Korean restaurants.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.38-46
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• 2016

Background: Blind and excessive application of fertilizers was found during the cultivation of Panax notoginseng in fields, as well as increase in root rot disease incidence. Methods: Both "3414" application and orthogonal test designs were performed at Shilin county, Yunnan province, China, for NPK (nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium) and mineral fertilizers, respectively. The data were used to construct the one-, two-, and three-factor quadratic regression models. The effect of fertilizer deficiency on root yield loss was also analyzed to confirm the result predicted by these models. A pot culture experiment was performed to observe the incidence rate of root rot disease and to obtain the best range in which the highest yield of root and saponins could be realized. Results: The best application strategy for NPK fertilizer was $0kg/667m^2$, $17.01kg/667m^2$, and $56.87kg/667m^2$, respectively, which can produce the highest root yield of 1,861.90 g (dried root of 100 plants). For mineral fertilizers, calcium and magnesium fertilizers had a significant and positive effect on root yield and the content of four active saponins, respectively. The severity of root rot disease increased with the increase in soil moisture. The best range of soil moisture varied from 0.56 FC (field capacity of water) to 0.59 FC, when the highest yield of root and saponins could be realized as well as the lower incidence rate of root disease. Conclusion: These results indicate that the amount of nitrogen fertilizer used in these fields is excessive and that of potassium fertilizer is deficient. Higher soil moisture is an important factor that increases the severity of the root rot disease.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.21 no.10
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• pp.1275-1286
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• 2012

Coastal marine ecosystem plays important role of spawning and nursery grounds for fisheries resources. Yongil Bay is one of major coastal marine ecosystems, which is located in the southwestern East Sea of Korea. Species composition and abundance of marine organism in the Yongil Bay were investigated by season from March to November 2009. Gill net and pot fisheries were used for survey of pelagic and demersal species composition, and collected 106 species, 67 families, and 7 taxa of fisheries resources from the coastal ecosystem. Species were included 2 species in Ascidiacea, 2 species in Bivalvia, 6 in Cephalopoda, 22 in Crustacea, 5 in Echinodermata, 12 in Gastropoda, and 57 in Pisces. Diversity indices (Shannon index, H') showed seasonal variation with low value of 2.11 in winter, and high value of 2.63 in autumn. Main dominant species were Asterias amurensis, Pleuronectes yokohamae, Siphonalia spadicea fuscolineata, Trachurus japonicas, Sillago japonica, Conger myriaster, Volutharpa ampullaceal, Engraulis japonicus, Asterina pectinifera, and Portunus (Portunus) sanguinolentus that were occupied over 71.5% of total individuals, and 52.9% of wet weight. Seasonal variations of fisheries resources composition were discussed on correlationships with those of environmental factors in the coastal ecosystem of the Yongil Bay in Korea. Those results from this study will provide scientific data and information to develop the ecosystem-based coastal fisheries assessment and management system in Korea.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.127-131
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• 2009

The plant protection rate of the marketed microbial products for ginseng cultivation was investigated against Rhizoctoina solani and Pythium sp. in a seedling pot experiment. A significant difference was found among the mean plant protection rates (Pm) of the microbial products, including Tolclofos-methyl (Rhizolex). The best microbial product, C-ISR2, showed a 33% and 33.6% net Pm (total Pm-control Pm) in the two tests against Rhizoctonia solani. In one test with a 58.6% control plot Pm, the total pm was 91.6%, indicating that plant protection can be done only with a microbial product in a well-conditioned field. The net Pm of C-ISR2 against Pythium sp. was 26.4%. The net Pm of a microbial product against a pathogen seems to be fixed. A significant negative linear correlation was found between the Pm and the coefficient of variation (CV) of the protection rate in all the three experiments. This indicates that the protection processes of control, microbial products, and chemical pesticides are in the same system. Pm was only dependent on CV, probably due to each seedling's microenvironment. In the linear correlation equation between the Pm and the CV of the microbial products and the control plot, the intercept of the vertical axis will be the theoretical Pm when CV is zero.

• Journal of the Korean BIBLIA Society for library and Information Science
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.43-66
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• 2020

This study analyzed Korean children's books that include ethnically and racially diverse characters, focusing on representation of ethnic minority and cultural sensitivity. Drawing from fiction recommendations by Happy Morning Reading from 2005 to 2017, only 32 books out of 3,214 books, less than 1%, include people with racially and ethnically diverse background. Among the 32 books, 23 featured educative messages inspired by the belief of social justice; four could be categorized as so-called 'melting pot' books, five depicted stories featuring characters that respect different cultures from their own. The issue tackled in the stories differed with the economical standing of the character's country of origin. When a character or her/his parent is from a developing country, the main issues of the book were racial discrimination, bullying, hostility against foreign-born parents, or harsh experience of migrant workers. On the other hand, when a character or her/his parent is from a developed country, the plots often surround the character's hopes, wishes, or personal worries. Only one book was illustrated by a person with immigration background; the others were all written and illustrated by Koreans with no immigration background.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.38-48
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• 1980

To evaluate Rhizobium meliloti BALSAC, a strain selected from Canada as an acid tolerant one, and ordinary lucerne inoculant in acid condition, lucerne (Medicago sativa L. cv. Wairau) was inoculated and/or pelleted in the laboratory, and grown for two months in an acid soil (Lismore silt loam, pH 5.4) with three levels of lime in the, glasshouse. The results of controlled (noninoculated), nitrogen fertilized, laboratorial and commercial inoculated seeds were compared to give the following conclusions: 1. There was no significant difference in the top and root dry matter yields between two Rhizobium strains. However, Balsac inoculant showed higher single nodule dry matter weight and relatively higher number of larger nodules than the ordinary inoculant. 2. Lime application increased dry matter yields of plants and nodules, and the number of nodules per pot and the increase of nodules on the lateral roots in both inoculants. Lime application also caused an evenly distribution of nodules on the root by showing an increase of nodules mainly on the lateral roots. 3. Fertilizer nitrogen without inoculant slightly increased the nodulation percentage, the nodule dry matter weight per nodule and the relative proportion of larger nodules. 4. Commercially inoculated and pelleted seed showed less consistent results. 5. Relatively larger variations in measuring nodule characteristics was discussed and concluded that extreme cares should be given to reduce the variation.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.87-91
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• 1988

To investigate the effects of paper sludge on the seasonal variations of higher fatty acids in paddy soil, paper sludge was applied to pots at the rate of either 300, 600, 900 or 1,200kg/10a. Fractions of the higher fatty acids in the soil were analyzed. 1. Twenty-one kinds of higher fatty acids in the soil were detected. Among them, lauric, myristic, myristoric, palmitic, palmitoleic, stearic, oleic, linoleic, linolenic and arachidic acids were identified. The fatty acid content in the soil of acids, linolonic, myristic, palmitic, and stearic acid increased in ascending order. 2. The total content of higher fatty acids in the soil was increased as the application of paper sludge increased. The formation of the acids was at its highest point at the effective tillering stage. After WARDS the contents of the acids decreased as time elapsed. A positive correlation was observed between the total contents of both higher and volatile lower fatty acids in the soil.