• 한국조명전기설비학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국조명전기설비학회 1996년도 추계학술발표회논문집
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• pp.104-108
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• 1996

This paper deals with the design considerations and characteristics analysis of a SCR rectifier in pulsed over load operation. The Pulse repetition rate is one every 150 seconds and each current pulse width is 10 seconds. Therefore the characteristics of the transformer and SCR rectifier which consist the pulsed DC power supply are different from those of the conventional AC/DC power converters having continuous load. The variations of the DC output voltage drop, PF and THD versus the %Z of the transformer is analyzed through simulations and the experimental results thought to be useful in design high power pulsed DC power suppler.

• 한국광학회지
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.106-112
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• 2022

이중 링 add/drop 필터와 all-pass 지연 필터로 구성된 이차원 optical code division multiple access (OCDMA) 인코더/디코더를 제안하고, 설계 예시 및 수치해석을 통하여 실현 가능성을 확인하였다. 제안된 OCDMA 인코더/디코더의 칩 면적은 지연 도파로를 사용하는 기존 OCDMA 인코더/디코더에 비하여 1/3 정도로 줄어든다. 제안된 소자의 성능을 모델링하기 위하여 고속 푸리에 변환(fast Fourier transform, FFT) 및 전달 행렬 기법을 사용하였다. 정확한 코드로 디코딩된 펄스의 중심에서 자기상관 피크 값은 어긋난 파장 호핑 코드 및 스펙트럼 위상 코드로 디코딩된 경우의 최대 교차상관 레벨에 비하여 3배 이상으로 관측되었다. 이를 통하여 forward error correction (FEC) 한계에 해당하는 10^-3 이하의 비트 에러 오율을 얻을 수 있음을 알 수 있다.

• 성인간호학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.473-482
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• 2013

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of a structured preoperative instruction upon anxiety and postoperative self-care compliance. Methods: A randomized control group pre-post design was used. Sixty subjects undergoing cataract surgery were randomly assigned to one of two groups. The instruction consisted of cataract surgery procedure, sensory information, deep breathing, use of eye drop, and post op self-care regimen and was provided to the experimental group with control group receiving an usual treatment. State anxiety NRS, pulse, BP, and self-care compliance scale developed by Cho & Rho were used. Data were collected at two time periods: on the day of surgery in the clinic and prior to anesthesia in the operating room. The postoperative self-care compliance scores were measured at their second visits to the hospital after surgery. Data were analyzed using Kolmogorov Smirnov test, t-test, and Mann-Whitney U test. Results: There were significant differences between the two groups in the postoperative state anxiety (t=-3.57, p=.001) and the postoperative self-care compliance score (t=3.92, p<.001). There were no significant difference between the two groups in the postoperative blood pressure and pulse rate. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that the structured preoperative instruction could be a nursing intervention for cataract surgery patients.

• Journal of Photoscience
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.33-37
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• 1998

One macroscopic effect in the free-running Er:YAG laser is an accumulation of microscopic effects. Understanding of the exogenous water induced mechanical effect on the dental hard tissue by the Qswitched Er:YAG laser has an important impact on the further understanding of the free-running Er:YAG laser ablation on the dental hard tissue. The Q-switched Er:YAG laser (1-$\mu$s-long pulse width) was used in the recoil pressure measurement with an aid of water-jet system and a pressure transducer. The amplitude of the recoil pressure depends on the tooth surface conditions (dry and wet) and the volume of the water upon it. Wet surfaces yielded higher recoil pressure than that of dry, surface, and as the volume of the exogenous water drop increased, the amplitude of the recoil pressure increased also.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2001년도 봄 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.167-174
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• 2001

Reflection method using ultrasonic source has been attempted to obtain the information about tunnel lining structures composed of lining, shotcrete, water barrier and voids at the back of lining. In this work, two different types of sources, i.e. single-pulse source and sweep source, can be used. Single-pulse source with short time duration has the frequency content whose amplitudes tend to be concentrated around the dominant frequency, whereas sweep source with long time duration denotes a flat distribution of relatively larger amplitude over a broad frequency band, although the peak to peak amplitude of single-pulse source wavelet is equivalent to that of sweep source one. In traditional seismic application, a single-pulse source(weight drop, dynamite) is typically used. However, to investigate the fine structure, as it is the case in the tunnel lining structure, the sweep wavelet can be also a desirable source waveform primarily due to the higher energy over a broad frequency band. For the investigation purposes of sweep source, a physical modeling is a useful tool, especially to study problems of wave propagation in the fine layered media. The main purpose of this work was using a physical modeling technique to explore the applicability of sweep source to the delineation of inner layer boundaries. To this end, a two-dimensional physical model analogous to the lining structure was built and a special ultrasonic sweep source was devised. The measurements were carried out in the sweep frequency range 10 ∼ 60 KHz, as peformed in the regular reflection survey(e.g. roll-along technique). The measured data were further rearranged with a proper software (cross-correlation). The resulting seismograms(raw data) showed quitely similar features to those from a single-pulse source, in which high frequency content of reflection events could be considerably emphasized, as expected. The data were further processed by using a regular data processing system "FOCUS" and the results(stack section) were well associated with the known model structure. In this context, it is worthy to note that in view of measuring condition the sweep source would be applied to benefit the penetration of high frequency energy into the media and to enhance the resolution of reflection events.

• 한국분무공학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.43-52
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• 2005

The effect of fuel injection spray on engine performance has been known as one of the major concerns for improving fuel economy and reducing emissions. In general, reducing the spray droplet size could prevent HC emission in gasoline engine. As far as PFI (Port Fuel Injection) gasoline engine is concerned, the mixture of air and fuel may not be uniform under a certain condition, because breakup and production of spray droplets are made in a short distance between the fuel injector and intake valve. This study, by constituting PFI gasoline spray system, was performed to study the transient spray characteristics and dynamic behavior of droplets from 2hole 2spray type injector used in DOHC gasoline engine. Mean droplet size and optical concentration in accordance with various conditions were measured by LDPA and CCD camera. Through this study, the variation of drop size and optical concentration could be used for understanding the behavior of unsteady spray was declared and the existing the small droplets between each pulse spray could be estimated caused to the development of wall film was conformed.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.64-74
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• 2005

The effect of fuel injection spray on engine performance has been known as one of the major concerns for improving fuel economy and reducing emissions. In general, reducing the spray droplet size could prevent HC emission in gasoline engine. As far as PFI gasoline engine is concerned, the mixture of air and fuel may not be uniform under a certain condition, because breakup and production of spray droplets are made in a short distance between the fuel injector and intake valve. This study, by constituting PFI gasoline spray system, was performed to study the transient spray characteristics and dynamic behavior of droplets from two-holes two-sprays type injector used in DOHC gasoline engine. Mean droplet size and optical concentration in accordance with various conditions were measured by LDPA and CCD camera. Through this study, the variation of drop size and optical concentration could be used for understanding the behavior of unsteady spray was declared and the existing the small droplets between each pulse spray could be estimated caused to the development of wall film was conformed.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제26권8호
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• pp.1095-1101
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• 2002

An experimental apparatus was prepared to investigate thermal and hydrodynamic characteristics of regenerator at cryogenic temperature under pulsating pressure condition. The regenerator was pressurized and depressurized by a compressor with various operating frequencies. Cold end of the regenerator was maintained around 100 K by means of a liquid nitrogen heat exchanger. Instantaneous gas temperature and mass flow rate were measured at both ends of the regenerator during the whole pressure cycle. Pulsating pressure drop across the regenerator was also measured to see if it could be predicted by a friction factor at steady flow condition. The operating frequency of pressure cycle was varied between 3 and 60 Hz, which are typical operating frequencies of Gifford-McMahon, pulse tube, and Stilting cryocoolers. First, the measured friction factor for typical wire screen mesh regenerator was nearly same as steady flow friction factor for maximum oscillating Reynolds number up to 100 at less than 9 Hz. For 60 Hz operations, however, the discrepancy between oscillating flow friction factor and steady flow one was noticeable if Reynolds number was higher than 50. Second, the ineffectiveness of regenerator was directly calculated from experimental data when the cold-end was maintained around 100 K and the warm-end around 293 K, which simulates an actual operating condition of cryogenic regenerator. Influence of the operating frequency on ineffectiveness was discussed at low frequency range.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.231-236
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• 1999

Q-switch된 Er:YAG 레이저를 이용해서 치아표면에 뿜어준 외부의 물로 인해 유도된 열 및 역학적인 효과를 이해하는 것은 free-running Er:YAG 레이저에 의한 절삭효과를 이해하는데 대단히 중요하다. 이는 (파장 하나의 길이가 250 $\mu\textrm{s}$인) free-running 레이저에 의한 한 거 대효과가 본 실험에서 이용한 (파장 하나의 길이가 1 $\mu\textrm{s}$인) Q-switch된 레이저에 의한 미소효과들의 축적이기 때문이다. 치아표면에 물이 있을 때 Q-Switch된 레이저에 의한 절삭률은 그렇치 않은 때에 비해 증가되었다. 치아표면에 물을 뿜어주는 횟수는 절삭률에 영향을 미쳐서 저에너지에서는 더디게 물을 뿜어줄때 놀은 절삭률을 얻었다. 반동압력의 세기는 치아표면 조건에 의존하는데. 표면이 젖을수록 그리고 뿜어준 물의 양이 증가 할 수록, 반동압력의 세기 또한 증가하였다. 이 연구로부터 우리는 1-$\mu\textrm{s}$-길이의 pulsed 레이저에 의해 유도된 열 및 역학적인 효과가 외부에 물이 있을 때 free-running Er:YAG 레이저에 의한 절삭을 이해하는데 중요한 정보를 제공해 준다는 것을 알았다.

• 한국농림기상학회지
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.211-217
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• 2004

본 연구는 12회에 걸친 실내 검정과 태풍의 영향권에 들었을 당시 강우량의 정확한 관측을 통해서 중량식 전도형 우량계에 대해서 다음과 같은 결과를 도출할 수 있었다 중량식 전도형 우량계는 0.1mm 이하의 분해능으로 연속적인 강우의 측정이 가능하며, WMO의 권고 기준인 0.2mm 관측을 충분히 만족시켜 강우 계측기로써 사용하는데 문제가 없었다. 1mm 전도형 bucket로 매 1분마다 100mm/h 이상의 강우 강도를 관측할 수 있어 수자원 관리와 이용 분야연구에 많은 도움을 줄 수 있다. 정밀하고 세밀한 강우 관측으로 레이다나 위성을 이용한 강우의 원격 탐사에 관련한 연구에 필요로 하는 지상 정보를 제공할 수 있어, 수문과 관련한 연구 분야의 발달과 연구 영역의 확장을 도모할 수 있다. 두 개의 신호선을 이용하여 우량을 관측하는 중량식 전도형 우량계는 원격지에서 우량계의 고장 유무를 알 수 있어 자동 관측 장비관리의 애로 사항을 해결할 수 있고, 결측과 오차를 줄여 고품질의 관측 자료 생산이 가능하게 된다. 우량관측 장비의 국산화 개발과 테스트를 할 수 있는 독자적인 기술을 확보하였으며, 나아가 새로운 장비를 개발할 수 있는 기초를 마련하였다.