• The Journal of Information Technology
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.1-14
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• 2006

China has recently (28 August 2004) adopted a new act legalizing the electronic signature. This new act provides electronic signatures with the same legal status as handwritten signatures, and states that on-line certification providers will have to be created in order to ensure the security of on-line operations made using said signatures. This new act is intended to increase Chinese electronic business, and thus to raise the revenue China can expect from said business. And the law grants electronic signatures the same legal effect as handwritten signatures and seals in business transactions, and sets up the market access system for online certification providers to ensure the security of e-commerce. As Internet trade requires a reliable third party to identify the signers, the credibility of online certifying organizations is significant for the transaction security. So, considering the weakness of China's social credibility system, the law regulates that the online signatures certification providers should be approved and administered by governments.

• International Journal of Costume and Fashion
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.32-40
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• 2007

American trendy casual styles can be characterized as fitted to body and rendering sexy and fashionable images and now very popular in Korea. This paper aims to identify diffusion channels of Amreican trendy casual style among Korean market and the characteristics of imitation for American trendy casual styles made by Korean casual brands. American trendy casual style was introduced and diffused mainly through 3 channels: American films and TV dramas, on-line communities, on-line shopping mall speciallized for purchasing American apparel brands. Some of American celebrities became fashion ikons and played critical roles in diffusing American trendy styles. After searching websites and fashion magazines and visiting brand stores, several Korean casual brands imitated the styles of American trendy casual brands and the scope of imitation was vast across items. Imitation was found mainly among T-shirts,jacket, jumper, pants, skirt and accessaries. Also imitation was found in almost every aspects of clothes such as shape, sihlouette, color, prints and stitching, belt, and drawstring.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2001.10a
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• pp.415-418
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• 2001

Korean government regulates the technical specifications for the terminal equipments connecting to public telephone network, while equipments in the market are subjected to the type-approval confirming with the technical specifications. foreseeing the revision of the technical specifications, this paper discussed on technologies considered to be additional to the specifications including ADSL modem and power-line communication equipment.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2003.05a
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• pp.185-189
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• 2003

According to opening Seoul-Busan high speed rail line in 2004, we are studying to offer speedily for the parcel service of high speed rail-combined transport as it does, tender the quality freight services within a one and the same high speed train formation. Therefore, we reviewed for various types of HSR-combined transport and suggested to application methods in Korean high speed rail line. Through these kinds of approaches, we are able to expect the fulfillment of customer needs for high speed rail market segments, the profit maximization of future railway operating companies, and enhancement for cost-effective rail network operation of the mixed traffic on infrastructure cost-reduction in national logistics.

• The Journal of Information Systems
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.55-72
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• 2006

The total market capacities of our domestic on-line shopping malls had reached over one billion wons in 2005. They are also estimated to reach 1.8 billion wons in 2008. In order to reveal some relationships between six antecedent variables and intention-to-use of online shooing malls, this study has extended the original TAM2 model using these variables obtained from (1) perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use from TAM2 model, (2) compatibility from IDT theory, (3) perceived enjoyment from Flow theory, and (4) others (perceived risk and self efficacy). Two statistical packages such as SPSS 12.0 and Lirel 8.70 were used for data analyses. Among these seven proposed hypotheses, six hypotheses were accepted while one hypothesis regarding perceived risk was rejected. As perceived risk hypothesis concerning the intention-to-use was rejected, the perceived risk did not show the support of the intention-to-use.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2007.07a
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• pp.1440-1442
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• 2007

A high-voltage motor has had many problems due to its frequent startup, standstills and occasions of long period operation. As for a solution to the problem, many advanced countries have developed an on-line insulation diagnosis sensor and a same type of system and put them in use. Recently, even in the domestic market, a ceramic coupler has been developed and attempted to be applied in the field. This paper proposes an on-line insulation diagnosis system when operating a high-voltage motor along with the use of a domestic ceramic coupler. The proposed system is composed with a ceramic sensor, a PDMS-HM, and a Remote Monitoring System. As the result of comparing this system with a PDAS, which is an expensive full A/D method, the reliability of the system has been verified, and furthermore, it is in the process of being commercialized.

• Journal of Distribution Research
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.93-115
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• 2012

This study empirically examines the impact of changes in market shares among retailing types on the price index. The retailing type is classified into 6 groups: department store, big mart, super market, convenient store, specialty merchant, and on-line store. The market shares of retailing types are calculated by the ratio of each retailing type monthly sales to total monthly retailing sales in which total retailing sales is the sum of each retailing type sales. We employed several price indices: consumer price index (CPI), CPI for living necessaries, and fresh food price index. In addition, this study used fundamental price indices based on 25 product families as well as 42 representative products. The empirical model also included several variables in order to control for the macroeconomic effects and those variables are the exchange rate, M1, an oil price, and the industrial production index. The data is monthly time-series data spanning over the period from January 2000 to December 2010. In order to test for the stability of data series, we conducted ADF test and PP test in which the model and length of lag were determined by the relevant previous literature and based on the AIC. The empirical results indicate that changes in market shares among retailing types have impacts on the price index. Table A shows that impacts differ as to which price index to use and which product families and products to use. For department store, it lowers the price of food and non-alcoholic beverages, home appliances, fresh food, fresh and vegetables, but it keeps the price high for fresh fruit. The big mart retailing type has a positive impact on the price of food, nut has a negative effect on clothing and foot wear, non-food, and fresh fruit. For super market, it has a positive impact on food and non-alcoholic beverages, fresh food, fresh shellfishes, but increases the price of CPI for living necessaries and non-food. The specialty merchant retailing type increases the price level of CPI for living necessaries and fresh fruit. For on-line store type, it keeps the price high for CPI for living necessaries and non-food as well as fresh fruit. For the analysis based on 25 product families shows that changes in market shares among retailing types also have different effects on the price index. Table B summarizes the different results. The 42 representative product level analysis is summerized in Table C and it indicates that changes in market shares among retailing types have different effects on the price index. The study offers the theoretical and practical implication to these findings and also suggests the direction for the further analysis.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2005.05a
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• pp.1097-1100
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• 2005

This study explored the ridership pattern between Seoul and Busan after the introduction of KTX in 2004. Since the KTX opening, average daily passengers on the Kyungbu lines have increased. These figures clearly indicate that the transportation network is becoming railroad-centric. However, the operation. of the KTX will leave many existing Saemaul and Mugunghwa train sets idle, which will be put into operation for areas, not covered by the KTX. Statistics show that the railroad ridership is clarified the distinction between train service levels. So, our paper studied the change of market share by service levels between Seoul-Busan line which is a long distance route.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.464-470
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• 2018

With the introduction of the e-learning since 2000, the place of the education has not been limited to off-line, but the range of it has become broader in online. The e-learning market has evolved steadily over time. With the advent of the term "Edu-tech", which means a combination of education and technology, various IT technologies have incorporated education. Particularly, the Korean education market collects patterns by computerizing the learning history in classes taught according to curriculums. Because of that environment, various personalized learning services have been developed which maximize the effect of the learning. These services have qualitative differences depending on how many data is accumulated and algorithms are developed for the precise analysis. The purpose of this study is to recognize and data-ize OMR marking by the most suitable method to convert analog data into digital data without harming the Korean education system.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers A
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• v.55 no.3
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• pp.123-127
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• 2006

The recent movement to deregulated and competitive electricity market requires new concepts in applying dispatch algorithms to system operation and planning. As power systems tend to be operated more closely to their ultimate ratings, the role of Contingency Constrained Optimal Power Flow is changed and the importance for security enhancement will be more increased in the new and competitive electricity market. This paper presents a contingency constrained optimal power flow (CCOPF) algorithm. The proposed algorithm maintains the nodal voltage levels and transmission line's power flow within the specified limits before and after a contingency. A case study demonstrates the proposed algorithm with the IEEE-14RTS under N-1 contingency criterion.