• 펄프종이기술
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• 제31권5호
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• pp.12-17
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• 1999

This study was to evaluate applications of the alkalophilic enzymes from Coprinus cinereus 2249 with old newsprint(ONP). A enzymatic deinking process based on alkalopholic enzymes was investigated . It was found that alkalophilic enzymes could effectively deink old newsprint. When applied on deinking of the old newsprint, it increases the freeness and brightness due to effect of hydrolysis at 0.1% enzyme concentration . Also, the physical properties of deinked pulp were improved.

• 펄프종이기술
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.41-47
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• 2003

Recently, interest in utilization plan of recycling paper have been enhanced. Therefore, this research aimed to develop the manufacture process of cellulose acetate using old newsprint by acetosolv pulping process. And the manufactured cellulose acetate was also analyzed, especially based on chemical properties. The summarized results in this research were as follows; Reaction time, kind and amount of catalyst, and ratio of liquor to material were varied during acetosolv pulping process of old newsprint. Ratio of liquor to material did not give the significant difference in reaction product. Delignification rate was increased with increasing reaction time during acetosolv pulping, but yield and degree of substitution decreased with increasing reaction time. Sulfuric acid are better catalyst than hydrochloric acid in acetosolv pulping process for old newsprint, and optimal addition amount of catalyst was 1% based on reaction material. Delignification, yield, and degree of substitution were influenced by the catalyst and reaction time. Under pulping condition of $120^{\circ}C$ in 1/12 liquor to material ratio and 60min, degree of substitution was about 0.7. The acetylation reaction was not completely caused by these reaction condition. The examination of the FT-IR spectra revealed that absorption band(1200$\textrm{cm}^{-2}$, 1,750$\textrm{cm}^{-1}$) caused by carbonyl group were confirmed.

• 공업화학
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.299-303
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• 1999

경제적, 환경적인 이유로 신문용지를 생산하는데 신문고지가 상당량 재이용되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 국내 외 신문고지의 열화기간에 따른 제반 성질의 변화를 조사하기 위하여 시도하였다. 시료의 백색도, 수율 및 펄프 강도를 고려하면 열화기간이 증가할수록 탈묵성이 호주산 신문고지에서 가장 우수하고, 국내 신문원지를 사용한 신문고지와 일본 신문고지는 비슷하며, 카나다산 신문원지를 사용한 신문고지에서 가장 낮았다. 국내 신문원지를 사용한 신문고지의 경우, 열화기간 90일까지는 약 83%의 수율과 백색도 50% 이상을 나타내지만 그 이후에는 급격히 감소하였다. 또한 국내 신문용지의 경우 수입된 신문용지보다 섬유의 길이는 짧지만 제반 강도적성질은 높았다. 국내 신문용지와 수입 신문용지는 전반적으로 열화기간에 따라 인장강도와 파열강도는 증가하다가 감소하였으며, 인열강도는 점차 증가하였다.

• 펄프종이기술
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.1-9
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• 1999

This study was performed to investigate the deinkability of Korean old newspaper(KONP) and the properties of newsprint made from deinked pulp with some addition of virgin pulp. When the samples of composed of 50% Australian old magazine(AuOMG) and 50% KONP were compared with the samples 50% AuOMG and 50% AuONP, the yield, opacity, strength properties of the former were high, but its brightness was low. When the mixing ratio of AuOMG : AuONP : KONP was 30:20:50, the brightness and strength properties were obtained the similar or better than those obtained samples having other mixing ratio. The brightness and opacity of samples made from deinked pulp with the some addition of TMP and BKP can meet the minium qualifications of brightness and opacity specified by Japanese Industrial Standard. The samples, which DIP, TMP, and KP were mixed with the ratio of the 85:10:5 and 90:5:5, maintained higher brightness and strength comparing to the samples containing higher amount of virgin pulp. Since the newsprint samples made from KONP was not inferior to those from imported old newspaper, the more use of KONP in producing newsprint is recommended.

• 펄프종이기술
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.9-14
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• 2004

The useful fungi which secret extracellular enzymes was selected for deinking agent of old newsprint. Five fungal strains were isolated from a paper mill soil ground. The CMCase, FPase and xylanase activities of fungi on the liquid culture were investigated at optimal growth conditions. The results of this study were as follow: The optimal pH and temperature for culture growth were 4～8 and 27～$35^{\circ}C$, respectively. For screening of extracellular enzymes at optimal culture conditions the optimal culture period were less than 6-7 days. Fusarium pallidoroseum and Aspergiilus niger which shows relatively higher CMCase, FPase and xylanase activities than the other species were selected for further enzymatic deinking research.

• 청정기술
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.195-201
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• 2004

기능성 고분자와 셀룰라아제가 화학적으로 결합된 수식 셀룰라아제를 이용하여 폐신문용지(Old Newsprint, ONP)의 탈묵공정에 적용하였다. 수식 셀룰라아제 중의 셀룰라아제는 섬유의 피브릴화(fibrillation)를 촉진시켜 잉크입자의 박리를 향상시켰으며, 수식 셀룰라아제 중의 수식 고분자가 탈묵공정에서 분리된 잉크입자를 부상제거하는 새로운 탈묵 공정이 완성되었다. 수식 셀룰라아제를 이용한 공정은 극소량의 수식 셀룰라아제의 사용으로 인장강도, 백감도(brightness), 백색도(whiteness)를 포함한 물리적 성질을 기존 탈묵공정에서의 그것보다 향상시켰다. 잉크와 섬유의 결합은 저장 기간이 증가함에 따라 더욱 강해지고, 기존의 방법으로는 잉크입자 제거가 어려운 반면, 수식 셀룰라아제를 이용한 공정은 잉크입자 제거에 매우 탁월한 효과를 나타내었고, 약 1년간의 보존 기간을 가진 폐신문용지의 탈묵 효과를 41% 향상시켰다. 또한 이 공정은 황변현상을 제거했으며, 섬유의 피브릴화를 촉진시켜 재생지의 물리적 성질인 인장강도와 내부결합도를 향상시켰다.

• 펄프종이기술
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.25-37
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• 2005

This study was carried out to examine the optimal cultural condition in enzyme activities of CMCase, FPase and xylanase in selected strains which secret extracellular enzymes for using deinking agent to old newsprint. The results of this study were as follow: The production of enzyme by Bacillus pumilus I was maximal as grown on the medium, containing of rice bran+xylan $2.0\%$, peptone $0.8\%,\;K_2HPO_4\;0.1\%\;and\;CaCl_2\;0.06\%$ at pH 8.0 and $28^{\circ}C$ for 72 hours. Optimal cultural condition of B. subtilis I was avicel+xylan $3.5\%,\;urea\;0.4\%,\;K_3PO_4\;0.1\%\;and\;CaCl_2\;0.015\%$ at pH 9.0 and $28^{\circ}C$ for 36 hours. The maximal enzyme production was observed in the medium, containing of avicel+xylan $3.5\%,\;urea\;1.6\%\;and\; K_2HPO_4\;0.125\%$ with pH 9.0 when B. pumilus II was cultured at $28^{\circ}C$ for 60 hours. The production of enzyme by B. subtilis IT was maximal as grown on the medium, containing of xylan $2.0\%,\;yeast\; extract\;0.6\%,\;K_2HPO_4\;0.1\%\;and\;ZnSO_4\;0.04\%$ at pH 8.0 and $34^{\circ}C$ for 36 hours. The activities of FPase and xylanase in tested 4 strains were not much different with Thermomonospora fusca.

• 펄프종이기술
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.38-46
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• 2005

This study was focused on the optimum culture condition in CMCase, FPase and xylanase activities of two fungal strains that secret extracellular enzymes for using enzymatic deinking agent to old newsprint. The results of this study were as follows. When Fusarium pallidoroseum was grown on the medium, containing of rice bran+xylan $2.0\%,\;peptone\;0.6\%,\;KH_2PO_4\;0.075\%\;and\;MnSO_4\;0.06\%\;with\;pH\;9.0,\;at\;29^{\circ}C$ for 6 days, the quantitative degree of extracellular enzyme production was the highest. Optimum culture condition for Aspergillus niger was pH 5.0, $27^{\circ}C$ incubating temperature and 7 days incubation period on liquid medium, containing of CMC+xylan $2.5\%,\;yeast\;extract\;0.4\%,\;K_3PO_4\;0.05\%\;and\;CaCl_2+FeSO_4\;0.08\%$. Aspergillus niger was fairly higher FPase and xylanase activities than Trichoderma reesei ATCC 28217.

• 펄프종이기술
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• 제47권4호
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• pp.88-95
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• 2015

The main sources of recovered paper for newsprint are old newsprint (ONP) and old magazine (OMG). Recently, a lot of advertisement flyers are flowing into bales of ONP and portion of OMG is increasing in recovered paper because the consumption level of coated paper increases. In this study, nonionic surfactant and fatty acid were used as the de-inking agent for froth-flotation process of mixed recovered paper to investigate the effect of increased mixing ratio of OMG. De-inking efficiency of nonionic surfactant decreased as the mixing ratio of OMG increased; ink removal efficiency of froth-flotation is poor, however, the reject ratio increases due to ash from OMG. In comparison with nonionic surfactant, the ash from OMG had a little effect on reject ratio and optical properties of fatty acid applied flotation accept. If nonionic surfactant and fatty acid are added to pulper and flotation cell sequentially, excessive ash from OMG may not give an adverse effect on de-inking efficiency of mixed recovered paper.

• 펄프종이기술
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• 제47권6호
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• pp.164-169
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• 2015

Nowadays blending ratio of OMG (old magazine) in recovered paper used for manufacturing newspaper have been increased. When large amount of OMG is consumed in newsprint mill, brightness can be improved by inorganic pigments of coating layer. On the other hand decrease in yield of deinking process will be encountered because the pigments can be removed as reject of froth flotation process. Therefore selection of the optimal deinking agent is an important. Non-ionic surfactant have been used widely in newsprint mill. Non-ionic surfactant has amphoteric characteristics. Hydrophilic group is ethylene and propylene oxide that can induce hydrogen bonding with water molecules. In this regard, cloud point is an important parameter in order to control efficiency of deinking process because hydration of the hydrophobic group can be varied according to temperature of a system. In this study, deinking properties of ONP at high blending ratio of OMG was analyzed according to cloud points of non-ionic surfactants. $L^*$, $a^*$, $b^*$, brightness and effective residual ink concentration did not affected by the change of cloud points. Especially, flotation reject decreased significantly according to increase in cloud point of the non-ionic surfactant. Consequently, when a nonionic surfactant having a cloud point higher than the temperature of the system is used, properties of the deinked pulp can be maintained and yield of deinking process can be improved.