• 한국경영과학회지
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.1-11
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• 2011

This article examines the impact of electronic commerce on environmental welfare. In particular, we analyze a game model of price competition between offline and online firms when consumption taxes are imposed on both offline and online transactions that produce environmental pollution. We investigate the properties of optimal taxation between offline and online markets and demonstrate that there is an optimal difference between the two taxes, depending upon not only the transaction cost between offline and online consumption, but also the environmental damage cost. We also investigate the effect of tax-free online transactions on tax revenues, and the financial feasibility of the optimal taxation.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.29-47
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• 2007

Owing to the rapid growth of using the Internet, not only click-and-mortar companies but also brick-and-mortar ones have been expanding their distribution channels into online, Moreover, since online channels are more attractive than offline ones in control and maintenance, switching customers into online ones is emerged as one of very important managerial issues in a view of reduction of cost as well as expansion of services. However, the switched customers should be faced by uncertainties which could not have been experienced in offline. Specifically, in online channels, buyers and sellers are separated temporally and spacially and there are always so many kinds of threat for security as well as not enough systems and conventions for them yet. Therefore, trust has been considered as one of the most critical mechanisms for resolution of such uncertainties in online transactions. However, it is not easy to build and maintain the relationships in online since most of them are virtual and indirect generally. Therefore, in order to switch offline customers into online ones, it is very important to make strategies based on identification of the relationship between online transaction and offline trust which has been built in offline business. Generally offline trust, which has been built independent of online, could not include trust for online-dependent activities such as payment security during or after transactions, while most of online trust include it. Therefore, a customer with high offline trust does not always perceive high security and assure safe transactions. Accordingly, while online trust, where technical capabilities for online security is one of main bases, includes control trust implicitly or explicitly, offline trust does not. However. in spite of such clear discrimination and independence between offline trust and perceived security, there can be the significant dependency between these two beliefs. The customers with high offline trust believe that the company would do some activities for online security for customers' safe transactions since it has been believed of doing well for customers' trust. Theoretically, users' perception of security is interpreted as a kind of control trus, which is trust for company's technical control capacities in order to resolve technical uncertainties in online. Therefore, the relationship between two beliefs can be considered as transference from offline trust to another type trust. that is, control trust. The objective of this study is to analyze the effect of offline trust on online transaction uses mediated by perceived security. For this purpose, we suggest a research model based on technology acceptance model (TAM). Reuse intention is adopted as a dependent variable and TAM is modified by adding perceived risk (PR) as well as two beliefs of using Internet banking, perceived usefulness (PU) and perceived ease of use (PEOU). Moreover, perceive security (PS) is adopted as an external variable for PR and PU, while offline trust (OT) is an antecedent of PS. For an empirical test, sampling from 108 visitors to the banks in Daegu, Korea, we analyze our model by partial least square (PLS) approach. In result, our model is shown to explain 51.4% of the variance in reuse intention and all hypothesis are supported statistically. A theoretical implication of this study is to identify a role of PS between offline trust and reuse intention of using online transaction services. According to our result, PS can be considered as a mediation variable for bridging between two different concepts: trust that explains social aspects of customers and companies, and TAM that explains customers' reuse intention.

• 산업경영시스템학회지
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• 제39권3호
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• pp.47-55
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• 2016

The proliferation of the Internet and related technologies has led to a new form of distribution channels, namely online retailers. The conventional offline and the new online retailers have different transaction costs perceived by the consumers in the following perspectives: the accessibility to the product information, the traffic cost and the opportunity cost for the time to visit the store, the delivery time and the possibility of 'touch and feel' to test the quality of the product. In particular, the online retailers have lower distribution cost structure in that they do not have physical stores, which results in lower selling price. Thus they continuously offer price competition against offline retailers using the lower selling cost as competitive weapon. Moreover the emergence of the social commerce is likely to intensify the competition between the online and offline retailers. To survive in this fierce competition, the offline retailers are trying to defend their business interests by sticking to offline transaction in anticipation of increased customer loyalty, customer's preference for 'touch and feel' style shopping, and others. Despite of these efforts, customers who touch and feel a product in an offline store but purchase the product through an online retailer are increasing. To protect such customers, recently, some of the offline retailers began to provide the mobile discount service (MDS) which enables the offline customers to purchase a product at a discounted price through the mobile applications. In business competitions, the price discount strategy is usually considered to secure more market share at the cost of lower profit. In this study, however, we analyze the effect of MDS as a weapon for securing more profit. To do this, we set up a game model between the online and offline retailers which incorporates the effect of the MDS. By numerically analyzing the Nash equilibrium of the game, some managerial implications for using the MDS for more profit are discussed.

• 한국유통학회지:유통연구
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.25-45
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• 2004

본 연구에서는 제품구매과정의 각 단계에서 발생되는 거래비용이 온라인과 오프라인 구매에서 어떻게 다른지를 살펴보기 위하여 제품유형, 구매의사결정단계, 그리고 거래비용을 연계하는 모형을 통합적으로 제시하였다. 구체적으로, 구매의사결정의 각 단계에서 발생하는 거래비용에 기초하여, 소비자가 인지하게 되는 오프라인과 온라인에서의 거래비용의 차이를 살펴보고, 그 차이가 제품유형에 따라 다르다는 것을 비교하였다. 제품구매단계별 거래비용으로는 탐색비용, 비교비용, 제품성능에 대한 위험비용, 그리고 구매 후 서비스 위험비용을 고려하였으며 온오프라인구매의 거래비용 차이를 제품유형별로 분석하기 위하여 FCB 틀에서 제시하는 4가지 제품유형을 도입하였다. 연구결과, 총 24개의 가설 중 19개가 채택되어 온라인과 오프라인 구매의 거래비용의 차이와 제품유형에 따는 차이에 대한 가설이 대부분 지지되는 것으로 나타났다. 반면, 기각된 가설 중 4개는 비유의적이었으며 1개만이 가설과 반대되는 결과를 보였다.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.226-247
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• 2024

Most studies on recommender systems to evaluate recommendation performances focus on offline evaluation methods utilizing past customer transaction records. However, evaluating recommendation performance through real-world stimulation becomes challenging. Moreover, such methods cannot evaluate the duration of the recommendation effect. This study measures the personalized recommendation (stimulus) effect when the product recommendation to customers leads to actual purchases and evaluates the duration of the stimulus personalized recommendation effect leading to purchases. The results revealed a 4.58% improvement in recommendation performance in the online environment compared with that in the offline environment. Furthermore, there is little difference in recommendation performance in offline experiments by period, whereas the recommendation performance declines with time in online experiments.

• 감성과학
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.41-54
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• 2016

온라인 상거래가 일상의 한 행위로 자리 잡은 요즈음 오프라인 채널과 온라인 채널 간의 간극이 점점 좁혀지고 있다. 즉, 종전에는 오프라인 상에서의 소비자 구매행위와 온라인상에서의 소비자 구매행위가 판이하게 달랐으나 온라인상에서의 다양한 상거래가 보편화되면서 이제는 온라인상에서의 구매행위에 대한 연구가 활발하게 이뤄지고 있다. 그러나, 아직도 오프라인상에서의 신뢰가 온라인 구매행위에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구가 피상적인 수준에 머물러왔다. 이에 본 연구에서는 기존 연구의 한계를 극복하기 위하여 개인이 느끼는 뉴로티시즘 성향이 온라인상에서 사용자가 느끼는 불확실성, 거래비용, 그리고 만족 및 지속구매의도에 미치는 조절효과를 체계적으로 분석하고자 한다. 406부의 유효한 설문지를 토대로 분석한 결과, 사용자가 느끼는 거래비용은 온라인쇼핑 지속구매의도에 부의 효과를 미치고 있지만, 만족에는 통계적으로 유의한 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 사용자가 가지고 있는 뉴로티시즘 성향은 온라인쇼핑 지속구매의도와 그 영향 요인들 간의 모든 관계에서 유의한 조절효과를 보이고 있는 것으로 나타났다.

• 지식경영연구
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.61-78
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• 2020

Recently, in the global financial transaction field, global transactions using computer systems and server hubs between foreign exchanges beyond the one-dimensional offline transactions and two-dimensional online transactions have been actively conducted. In the previous research by Lee Hyung-wook and Lee Min-jae (2018), as the globalization has accelerated following the development of digital technology and the expansion of ubiquitous communication network, the role of companies, the attribute of economic value creation and economic structure are being reorganized. It is said that O2O (Online to Offline) transactions are increasing due to the development. As a result, a new financial transaction paradigm is emerging that solves the inconveniences of existing financial services and enhances speed and convenience. Considering the global network trend and the rapidly developing and evolving digital bank environment, the necessity of utilizing the business platform model is emerging. However, despite this necessity, there are very limited cases in which such an attempt has been applied in practice. Accordingly, this study seeks to explore the business platform of the new financial transaction system. Specifically, the case study systematically examines the actual implementation of a unique network connection model with Koscom's global investment bank, which is currently in charge of the domestic financial transaction system, and improves ICT innovation performance and process through this. I would like to suggest a solution. In particular, this study analyzed a variety of business model construction and use cases by pursuing a platform connection with digital banks, which has recently been increasingly in demand. Therefore, this study intends to pursue the original and long-term profitability of the company by utilizing ICT innovation and platform business model, and also analyzes the convenience and excellence of trading for institutional and individual investors using the platform of digital bank. The implications of this study are significant in that it explores and explores the actual cases of ICT innovation and additional digital bank platform-connected business models based on this, and suggests a unique and preemptive business strategy of the company in the future.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.109-119
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• 2013

본 논문은 e-비즈니스에 따른 거래비용의 변화를 파악하고, 이를 바탕으로 한 적용분야로 에너지 및 환경 문제, 그리고 글로컬 전략에 대한 개념적인 측면을 경제학적 관점에서 살펴보았다. 먼저, 오프라인 거래와 온라인 거래 간에 발생하는 경제적 비용의 차이를 고려하여 두 채널간의 거래비용을 서로 다른 세 가지 경제학적 관점에서 비교함으로써 소비자와 판매자간에 발생하는 거래비용의 상충관계를 적시하였다. 둘째, 지속가능성의 관점에서 에너지 및 환경사업에 영향을 미치는 e-비즈니스의 역할을 파악하기 위해 물류시스템, 제품설계 프로세스, 그리고 에너지 절감에 대한 고려사항을 검토하였다. 이를 통해 e-비즈니스가 에너지 및 물류시스템의 효율성을 최적화하는 과정에서 저탄소 환경문제에 장단기적으로 다른 영향을 미칠 것으로 분석하였다. 마지막으로 글로벌 시대의 기회와 도전에 있어서 e-비즈니스에 의한 글로컬 전략을 네트워크 경제학의 관점에서 고찰하였다. 특히, e-비즈니스가 글로벌 시장으로 진출하는 지렛대로서의 역할을 최대화할 수 있도록 사업자간 네트워크의 통합, 사회문화적 환경을 고려한 지역화 및 현지화 전략, 그리고 표준화에 따른 세계적인 법적 기준의 주도적 설정 등이 중요한 글로벌 경영전략이 될 수 있다. 향후 e-비즈니스 성장모델은 거래비용의 관점에서 이러한 경제적 효과들의 상충관계를 조정할 수 있도록 지속가능한 형태로 진화되어야 할 것이다.

• 한국경영과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국경영과학회 2004년도 추계학술대회 및 정기총회
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• pp.116-136
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• 2004

The objective of this study is to analyze the relationship between offline trust and use of online service focusing on Internet banking. For this purpose, we suggest an extended version of Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) that would explain use or acceptance of infer]nation technology especially in Internet based service areas. In order to connect offline trust with Internet banking use, TAM is extended by adding two variables - technical competence for security services that is one facet of trust on the bank's security technology and security risk that would influence use, perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use. Empirically our model is well proved with low significance level.

• Management Science and Financial Engineering
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.95-107
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• 2005

As online shopping malls have emerged as a substantial shopping channel, they have used various sales promotion strategies to acquire new customers. Most of these strategies have been applied by offline malls for years. One, loss-leader pricing, is a type of promotional pricing in which stores sell well known products below their marginal cost, in order to attract customers and induce them to purchase more goods through impulse buying. This strategy is based on the expectation that customers will factor transaction costs into their purchasing decisions. However, its application to online malls fails to recognize that transaction costs are lower online, and that customers will behave differently as a result. Our study predicts that loss-leader pricing will not work online because online malls entail lower searching and moving costs than offline malls The study examines the effectiveness of loss-leader pricing with empirical data from a survey as well as log data from a Korean online shopping mall. The results show that while loss-leader pricing does attract customers to online shopping malls, it encourages cherry-picking rather than impulse purchases of regular-price goods.