• Journal of Society of Preventive Korean Medicine
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.25-42
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• 2019

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to identify factors that affect the utilization of Korean medicine (KM) among children with cerebral palsy (CP) and explore a processing model of decision-making by their parents. Methods : We conducted an individual in-depth interview with 21 mothers of children with CP who were recruited during the observational study. A grounded theory of Strauss and Corbin was used for qualitative analysis. Thus, collected data were classified into open coding including 121 concepts, 27 sub-categories and 7 categories. Results : The central phenomenon of the process of using KM for children with CP is 'KM as an optional treatment not essential'. Therefore there are many obstacles to starting KM treatment and it is easily interrupted for various reasons, unlike general rehabilitation treatment. However, if the patient experiences the therapeutic effect, the parents want to continue KM treatment. They try to provide treatment as much as possible if they can afford it. The parents give priority to general rehabilitation treatment and value the information and experience provided by the caregivers in similar situation as well as expert opinions. Conclusions : To expand and generalize KM treatment for children with CP, efforts to change interventional conditions such as treatment effect, treatment cost, treatment compliance, and convenience of treatment based on the understanding of the strategy used by the parents in KM utilization.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2005.06a
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• pp.806-811
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• 2005

The robot to search and rescue is used in narrow space where human cannot approach. In case of this robot, it can overcome obstacles such as wrecks or stairs etc. Also, this robot can do various locomotion for each object. In this reason, an articulated robot has advantages comparing with one module robot. However, the existing articulated robot has limits to overcome vertical passages. For expanding contacted territory of robot, a novel mechanism is demanded. In this paper, the novel mechanism of articulated mobile robot is designed for moving level ground and vertical passages. This paper proposes to change wheel alignment. The robot needs two important motions for passing vertical passages like pipe. One is a motion to press wheels at wall for not falling into gravity direction. The other is a motion that wheels contact a vertical direction of wall's tangential direction for reducing loss of force. The mechanism of the robot focused that two motions can be acted to use just one motor. Length of each link of robot is optimized that wheels contact a vertical direction of wall's tangential direction through kinematic modeling of each link. The force of pressing wall of robot is calculated through dynamic modeling. This robot composes four modules. This mechanism is confirmed by dynamic simulation using ADAMS program. The articulated mobile robot is elaborated based on the results of kinematic modeling and dynamic simulation.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.40 no.5
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• pp.447-452
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• 2016

The use of gas as fuel, particularly liquefied natural gas (LNG), has increased in recent years owing to its lower sulfur and particulate emissions compared to fuel oil or marine diesel oil. LNG is a low temperature, volatile fuel with very low flash point. The major challenges of using LNG are related to fuel bunkering, storing, and handling during ship operation. The main components of an LNG fuel system are the bunkering equipment, fuel tanks, vaporizers/heaters, pressure build-up units (PBUs), and gas controlling units. Low-pressure dual-fuel (DF) engines are predominant in small LNG-powered vessels and have been operating in many small- and medium-sized ferries or LNG-fueled generators.(Tamura, K., 2010; Esoy, V., 2011[1][2]) Small ships sailing at coast or offshore rarely have continuous operation at constant engine load in contrast to large ships sailing in the ocean. This is because ship operators need to change the engine load frequently due to various obstacles and narrow channels. Therefore, controlling the overall system performance of a gas supply system during transient operations and decision of bunkering time under a very poor infrastructure condition is crucial. In this study, we analyzed the fuel consumption, the system stability, and the dynamic characteristics in supplying fuel gas for operating conditions with frequent engine load changes using a commercial analysis program. For the model ship, we selected the 'Econuri', Asia's first LNG-powered vessel, which is now in operation at Incheon Port of South Korea.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.14 no.11
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• pp.61-71
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• 2009

Vehicle license plate is the only way to check the registrated information of a vehicle. Many works have been devoted to the vision system of recognizing the license plate, which has been widely used to control an illegal parking. However, it is difficult to correctly segment characters on the license plate since an illumination is affected by a weather change and a neighboring obstacles. This paper proposes a robust method of segmenting the character of the license plate on irregular illumination condition. The proposed method enhance the contrast of license plate images using the Chi-Square probability density function. For segmenting characters on the license plate, binary images with the high quality are gained by applying the adaptive threshold. Preprocessing and labeling algorithm are used to eliminate noises existing during the whole segmentation process. Finally, profiling method is applied to segment characters on license plate from binary images.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.127-134
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• 2016

Design modification is one of the elements that must be controlled in the process of any construction project. Especially a military facility project comes with more obstacles than private work due to the unique characteristics and closeness of the military. As there are both the project manager and the user within the ordering body, it is likely to have difficulties unless communication is conducted smoothly. The reason is that such issues regarding communication lead to design modification and it will result in the user's dissatisfaction. Thus this study aimed to identify the elements that generally cause design modification by analyzing characteristics of military projects from the status of current project contracts, analyzing past elements that lead to design modification and comprehensively researching responds from the survey on operators of facility projects. It is expected that loss from design modification of military facility projects is reduced by proposing feasible and practical improvements.

• Journal of Digital Contents Society
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• v.19 no.9
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• pp.1663-1669
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• 2018

Pair programming is a software development technique in which two programmers work together at one computer. One writes code while the other reviews the code, and they switch roles frequently. Pair-programming practice in school programming lab is expected to improve the learning performance, provide collaboration experience, and promote interactions between students. This work finds out how students accept pair-programming, what make students reluctant to join pair-programming by repeated questionnaire surveys in a college programming lab class. Based on these findings aome guidelines for school pair-programming are provided. First, students should be allowed to choose to do pair-programming or not. Second, various obstacles that make students hesitate to switch roles should be removed. Third, the pair matching should be made with great care.

• Korea journal of population studies
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.235-253
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• 2001

As we are entering the information society, there are increasing concerns about information gaps which are believed to create serious obstacles to social integration and development. Previous studies on the information gaps in Korea, despite their contributions to our understanding of the issue, appear to be descriptive. This study attempts to analyze the relative importance of residential area, gender, age education, and household income for information gaps and their changes in recent years. Based on the data from two surveys conducted by the Information Culture Center, the study run multivariate logit model analysis of the sue of computer and internet. The result shows that all the variables except residential area have influences on the use of computer and internet. In terms of time change, gender-based difference in the use of digital media has decreased between 1998 and 2000 while the differences by all the other variables have remained constant or increased.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.195-201
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• 2010

Recently, the necessity of the autonomous mobile robot is emphasized in order to enlarge the scope of activity and actively cope with the change of work environment. This paper proposes the algorithm which enables the mobile robot to avoid obstacles and lead it to the destination by the shortest path. And we verify the usability by a simulation. We made the algorithm with micro-GA and $\lambda$-geometry MRA. The area of simulation is limited to 320(width)$\times$200(length) pixels and one pixel is one centimeter. When we planned the path with only $\lambda$-geometry MRA, we could find the direction for path planning but could not find the shortest path. But when we planned the path with $\lambda$-geometry MRA and micro-GA, we could find the shortest path. So the algorithm enables us to find the direction for path planning and the shortest path.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.1954-1962
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• 2012

Recently the increase in the exchange of goods between Europe and Asia caused by social and economic factors creates good opportunities for railways. At the same time, however, it becomes an enormous challenge for railway transport. There are different rail track gauges (i.e narrow/standard/broad gauge) on the continental transportation between Korea (TKR) and Eurasian (TCR/TSR). The existence of various track gauges is one of obstacles preventing the smooth flow of goods by rail. The transferring process system from one track gauge to another could vary with the types of cargo. Service operation of these systems has a decisive effect on working time and cost of storage and transshipment facilities at border crossings. In relation to the above-mentioned factors, it is important to examine the comparison between different methods of transferring goods in different track gauges. In this study, it was performed to evaluate the effectiveness of continental railway transportation systems through analysis scenarios and to suggest technical factors of them.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.40-47
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• 2013

The similarity in internal flow of solid and hybrid rocket suggests that hybrid rocket combustion can be susceptible to instability due to vortex sheddings and their interaction. This study focuses on the evolution of interaction of vortex generated in pre-chamber with other types of vortex in the combustor and the change of combustion characteristics. Baseline and other results tested with disks show that there are five different frequency bands appeared in spectral domain. These include a frequency with thermal lag of solid fuel, vortex shedding due to obstacles such as forward, backward facing step and wall vortices near surface. The comparison of frequency behavior in the cases with disk 1 and 3 reveals that vortex shedding generated in pre-chamber can interact with other types of vortex shedding at a certain condition. The frequency of Helmholtz mode is one of candidates resulting to a resonance when it was excited by other types of oscillation even if this mode was not discernable in baseline test. This selective mechanism of resonance may explain the reason why non-linear combustion instability occurs in hybrid rocket combustion.