• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.270-276
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• 2021

Physiological agents trigger a signaling process called "inside-out signaling" and activated platelets promote adhesion, granule release, and conformational changes of glycoprotein IIb/IIIa (αIIb/β₃). Activated αIIb/β₃ interacts with fibrinogen and initiates a second signaling step called "external signaling". These two signaling pathways can cause hemostasis or thrombosis, and thrombosis is a possible medical problem in arterial and venous vessels, and platelet-mediated thrombosis is a major cause of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Therefore, modulating platelet activity is important for platelet-mediated thrombosis and cardiovascular disease. Esculetin is a coumarin-based physiologically active 6,7-dihydroxy derivative known to have pharmacological activity against obesity, diabetes, renal failure and CVD. Although some studies have confirmed the effects of esculetin in human platelet activation and experimental mouse models, it is not clear how esculetin has antiplatelet and antithrombotic effects. We confirmed the effect and mechanism of action of escultein on human platelets induced by collagen. As a result, esculetin decreased Ca²⁺ recruitment through upregulation of inositol 1, 4, 5-triphosphate receptor. In addition, esculetin upregulates cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP)-dependent pathways and inhibits fibrinogen binding and thrombus contraction. Our results demonstrate the antiplatelet effect and antithrombotic effect of esculetin in human platelets. Therefore, we suggest that esculetin could be a potential phytochemical for the prevention of thrombus-mediated CVD.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2022년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.273-273
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• 2022

The increasing number of Westernized eating patterns based on wheat flour in Korea has led to an increase in the rate of diseases such as obesity and diabetes, which has become a social problem. Wheat consumption is increasing due to changes in eating habits, but domestic wheat has low price competitiveness and has stagnated recently, so it is necessary to secure new resources to differentiate from imported wheat. Resistant starch, a newly created resource in domestic wheat, can act as a prebiotic similar to dietary fiber in the body, inducing microbial changes in the gut and having beneficial effects on metabolic syndrome. Wheat research on resistant starch was carried out based on the breeding of high amylose. A genome-wide association study (GWAS) was used to perform SNP identification and expression analysis related to wheat amylose through phenotype and genotype. 561 wheat core collection gene sources were investigated for amylose content in wheat, and related genes were extracted and analyzed. In the GWAS analysis, the model formulas BLIMK, FarmCPU, GLM, MLM, and MLMM were used to derive results such as QQ plots and Manhattan plots through phenotypic data. Among these models, BLAST was conducted to find the association between the SNPs identified using FarmCPU and genes related to starch, and 15 were found. Using the identified markers, it becomes easier to develop and browse related wheat cultivars according to their amylose content.

• International Journal of Human Ecology
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.27-37
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• 2003

Although the idea that obese people consume higher calorie diets is widely accepted, many dietary surveys have shown that obese people do NOT consume larger amounts of energy. We had an opportunity to study the relationship between calorie intake and obesity in Korea from the data contained in the '98 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey of Korea. The survey was executed nationwide for two months - from Nov. 1 to Dec.30 in 1998. The survey included 10,876 (aged >10 years) subjects of whom 9,771 underwent health examinations. Surveyors visited each household and checked health status, measured anthropometry and blood pressures, collected blood and urine samples, and interviewed from the health questionnaires. Well-trained dietitians evaluated the food consumption of 11,525 subjects over the age of 1 year with the 24-hour recall method. The number of subjects from whom a complete health examination and food consumption information was obtained was 8,004. Subjects were classified by BMI (< 20, 20-22, 22-24, 24-26, 26-28, 28 $\leq$) and into newly diagnosed patients with DM (FBS $\geq$ 126 mg/㎗), hypertension (SBP $\geq$ 140 mmHg or DBP $\geq$ 90 mmHg) and hyperlipidemia (Total cholesterol $\geq$ 220 mg/㎗ or TG $\geq$ 200 mg/㎗). Our main results were as following：1) their average energy intake was 2,029.6 $\pm$ 908.5 ㎉ and BMI is 22.6 $\pm$ 3.4 kg/$m^2$；2) a comparison of nutrient intakes by BMI level did not show a significant difference of energy intake even though BMI increased (BMI, < 20： 1,999 ㎉ ∼ 28 $\leq$： 2,028 ㎉)；and 3) Even in newly diagnosed patients with diabetes, hypertension or hyperlipidemia, their energy consumption was not significantly increased as BMI increased (from BMI 20). There are several possible explanations for these results：1) Reduced physical activity caused the weight of obese people to increase even with the same energy intake；2) people underreported their energy consumption；or, people intentionally reduced their energy consumption due to self-image regarding their obesity. We might also hypothesize that there is a metabolic problem conceiving obese people, because calorie intake was not higher in obese people than in non-obese people in Korea. Further research is necessary for re-evaluating these current conclusions.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.275-287
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• 1993

An ecological survey of food and nutrition was conducted in April and May, among 278 children, 6 to 12 years old, of the Youido elementary school, which offers no school lunch program, and is situated in Youido delta of Han River side of Seoul, known as the location of one of the socioeconomically high groups; Eighteen percent and 18.3% of subjects were proven to be overweight and obese, respectively. With regard to frequency of skipping breakfast, 28.4% of the subjects skipped breakfast often and 2.5% of subjects skipped breakfast every morning. Obese children showed good appetite and the time consumed for eating was shorter than those of normal or overweight children. Most serious anxiety among the mothers for those children was food habit of `eating rapidly' and `overeating'. Another striking observation was that 14.4% of the subjects ate only one side-dish with boiled rice, and such a pattern was more often found in the normal or slim group. Most of the subjects had their snacks after being back in home from school. Thirty-one percent of the children had snacks when they felt hungry, 69% had snacks for various reasons such as `habitually', `for unwinding', and `mother gives me snacks'. Thirty-eight percent of the boys and 19% of the girls had physical exercise everyday and overweight and obese children got exercise more frequently. But the time consumed for exercise was much more shorter than that of normal subjects. Most of the children liked fruits, meats, and biscuit, in contrast, lowest preferency was for vegetables, fermented fish products, and boiled rice mixed with other grains. Obese children experienced more kinds of food than normal or slim group. The study found that habits of overeating due to good appetite and eating rapidly were recognized as one of dominant reasons causing obesity among children. On the other hand, serious dietary problem of children of normal or slim group was eating less variety of food. Active nutrition education for both children and mothers will be recommended with joint participation of teachers.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제12권7호
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• pp.327-336
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• 2014

본 연구는 심뇌혈관 환자의 정기적 의료이용에 영향을 미치는 요인을 살펴보는 데 목적이 있다. 2010년 한국의료패널조사 자료를 이용하였으며, 설문에 응답한 응답자 중 심뇌혈관질환자 770명을 대상자로 하였다. 분석대상자의 의료이용 현황을 파악하기 위하여 기술통계를 실시하였으며, 심뇌혈관 환자의 정기적 의료이용에 영향을 미치는 요인을 파악하기 위하여 로지스틱회귀분석을 실시하였다. 연구 결과, 심뇌혈관 환자의 정기적 의료이용에 영향을 미치는 요인은 연령, 교육수준, 가구소득수준, 동반상병지수(CCI), 고위험음주 유무, 비만 유무로 나타났다. 연령별로는 60-69세, 교육수준별로는 고등학교 이상, 가구소득수준별로는 중위수 이상, 동반상병지수(CCI)가 높을수록, 고위험 음주 무, 비만인 환자가 정기적으로 의료를 이용할 확률이 높게 나타났다. 이는 정기적 의료이용이 낮은 중위수 미만 환자와 고위험 음주 유인 환자 등 문제의 원인과 대상에 맞는 구체적인 관리방안을 모색하는 노력이 필요할 것으로 보인다. 이러한 결과들은 향후 보건의료정책 수립에 기초 자료로 의미 있게 활용되어질 수 있으리라 여겨진다.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제46권8호
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• pp.751-757
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• 2003

목 적 : 소아에서의 비만은 성인 비만으로 이행되기 쉽고 합병증으로 고지혈증, 고혈압, 당뇨, 관상동맥질환, 지방간 등이 초래될 수 있어 비만의 정확한 진단과 함께 예방이 필요하다. 이에 저자들은 비만을 측정하는데 있어서 보다 객관적이고 정확한 생체전기 저항법과 다른 계측치간의 상관성을 알아보기 위해 본 연구를 시행하였다. 방 법 : 7세에서 18세 사이의 초등학교, 중학교, 고등학교 학생 1,035명을 대상으로 하였다. 신장과 체중을 측정한 후 BMI를 구하였고 상완 둘레는 견갑골의 견봉과 주두의 중간 지점에서 줄자를 이용하여 측정하였다. ST 두께는 Holtain/Tanner-Whitehouse skinfold 캘리퍼로 견갑골하 부위와 삼두근 부위에서 피부주름 두께를 측정하였고 생체전기 저항은 InBody 2.0(Biospace, Seoul, Korea) 제품을 사용하여 각 대상에서 근육량, 제지방량(lean body mass), 체지방율, 복부 지방율을 측정하였다. 생체전기 저항법과 체질량지수, 피지 두께법 사이의 상관 관계를 구하였고, 같은 성별과 연령에서 생체전기 저항법에 의한 체지방율 85 백분위수와 95 백분위수 이상인 군을 각각 양성군으로 하였을 때 ST와 BMI가 체지방을 예측할 수 있는 민감도 및 특이도를 구하였다. 결 과 : 1) 생체전기 저항법과 피지 두께에 의한 체지방율의 상관계수는 0.835, 생체전기 저항법과 BMI와의 상관계수는 0.749로 비교적 높은 상관관계를 보였다. 2) 같은 성별과 연령에서 생체전기 저항법에 의한 체지방율 85 백분위수 이상을 양성군으로 하였을 때 85 백분위수 이상의 ST가 체지방을 예측할 수 있는 민감도는 69.9%, 특이도는 94.5%이었다. 3) 같은 성별과 연령에서 생체전기 저항법에 의한 체지방율 95 백분위수 이상을 양성군으로 하였을 때 95 백분위수 이상의 피지 두께가 체지방을 예측할 수 있는 민감도는 57.7%, 특이도는 97.6%이었다. 4) 같은 성별과 연령에서 생체전기 저항법에 의한 체지방율 85 백분위수 이상을 양성군으로 하였을 때 85 백분위수 이상의 BMI가 체지방을 예측할 수 있는 민감도는 81.8%, 특이도는 96.9%이었다. 5) 같은 성별과 연령에서 생체전기 저항법에 의한 체지방율 95 백분위수 이상을 양성군으로 하였을 때 95 백분위수 이상의 BMI가 체지방을 예측할 수 있는 민감도는 84.9%, 특이도는 99.3%이었다. 결 론 : 생체전기 저항법에 의한 체지방 측정은 ST와 BMI와 상관성이 높았으며, 생체전기 저항법에 의한 체지방 측정은 객관적이고 정확하고 특별한 기술을 필요로 하지 않는 장점이 있어 비만 진단에 유용하리라 생각된다.

• 한국학교보건학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.111-119
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• 1992

The study examined the difference of the physique, the physical strength, and the physical constitution between meal and non-meal service schools at the countryside, and concluded as follows: 1) The effects on the physical development Meal service school student's height was 0.41~2.38cm taller, weight 0.21~1.58kg heavier, and the chests 0.15~2.55cm bigger than the non-meal service school students. Therefore, the effects of the school meal service on the student's physique development proved positive. 2) The effects on the physical strength Today, the student's physical growth is reinforced by consuming high calorie food, while their physical exercise is decreased. As a result, obesity becomes another problem. In this respect, physical strength is a significant factor in judging the physical condition of the students. This study compared the meal service schools with the non-meal service schools by suing six items of the physical strength test those schools. In comparison, the meal service school students were better than the others in most items except in the eleven year old girl's 100 meter running and the ball throwing, and the ten year old boy's 600meter running. It means that school meal service affects the physical growth in a positive manner. 3) The effects on the physical constitution The students in their growing period should have their meals not only balanced, but regularly since this helps to maintain their health. Insufficient nutrition may disturb the balanced physical growth of cause a weak or powerless physical constitution. As shown at the table 6, meal service school students who had a balanced meal have 0.01% lower incidence of disease. and 3.11~7.32% less myophia than the other. The average 0.39 to 0.63 cavity of the meal service school students also show that their constitutions are better than the non-meal service ones. In conclusion, the school meal service program gives every student a regular nutritious meal which results in a balanced physical growth. Erentually, the healthier students could be the healthier social menbers which promise a brighter society in the future.

• 대한영양사협회학술지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.106-117
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• 2016

Osteoporosis is a major health problem that can lead to mortality. This study was conducted to estimate the prevalence of osteopenia and osteoporosis separately and to assess the risk factors associated with osteopenia/osteoporosis in Korean men aged 50 years and over. A total of 1,136 subjects were analyzed among the participants of the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) 2010~2011 by using SPSS statistics complex samples (windows ver. 23.0). The prevalence rates of osteopenia and osteoporosis were 46.3% and 7.3%, respectively, and the mean ages of both osteopenia and osteoporosis risk groups were significantly higher than that of the normal group. The mean values for lifetime tallest height and bone mineral density in whole body, total femur, femoral neck, and lumbar spine were significantly lower in the risk group(osteopenia/osteoporosis) than in the normal group, whereas the mean values for height, body weight, BMI, waist circumference, alkaline phosphatase, parathyroid hormone, fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, and triglycerides of the two groups showed no significant differences. The intakes of energy and carbohydrates were significantly higher in the risk group than in the normal group. The results of multiple logistic regression showed that being underweight and having hypercholesterolemia were significantly related with the prevalence of osteopenia/osteoporosis, whereas health habits such as smoking and exercise, chronic diseases such as obesity and hypertension, and nutrient intakes were not. These findings suggest the need for further studies to examine osteopenia/osteoporosis risk factors and outcomes specificly focused on Korean men.

• 약학회지
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• 제50권3호
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• pp.177-183
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• 2006

Women's aging made a functional decline at ovary, This functional problem causes estrogen deficiency and many disorders, such as, sexual dysfunction, obesity, osteoporosis, urinary incontinence, skin and all body's aging, etc. We determined the ameliorative effects of some herbal extracts mixture on postmenopausal symptoms in ovariectomized Sprague Dawley rats. Nine-weeks-old female rats were ovariectomized and treated with singled pomegranate extracts (0.40, 1.20 g/kg/day) and mixed pomegranate extracts (1.08, 3.24g/kg/day) for 8 weeks. Oral administration of pomegranate extracts for 8 weeks were increased serum estradiol level and improved the serum osteocalcin, ALP activity and bone specific ALP level. And pomegranate extracts were reduced body weight, adipose tissue. Uterus weight in treated group tended to improve. In addition, the concentrationl of triglyceride and total cholesterol were lower after 8 weeks. HDL-cholesterol levels improved with does-dependency in treated groups. Collagen level on skin and cartilage showed a slight increase at treatment for 8 weeks. $^{\infty}These$ results showed that both of singular extract treatments and extracts mixture treatments were effective on general postmenopausal symptoms at overiectomized rats, and especially, the mixture treatments were more effective than singular treatment. $^{\infty}In$ conclusion, these herbal extracts' mixture showed improvement effect in general factors related with postmenopausal disorders.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.49-63
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to obtain the nutritional values and objective data of uncooked powdered food (UPF) in korea. We interviewed 27 healthy female subjects aged over 25 years living in the lksan area. We just replaced common breakfast and dinner of the subjects with UPF. Their dietary intake status was evaluated by 24-hour recall method. Their body compositions were measured using body fat analyzer. Also we conducted hematological and clinical analysis of blood. The intake of energy, lipid and protein has decreased as people started to take UPF, but the intake of vitamins and minerals has increased. The quality of meals has improved after taking UPF. Due to the energy loss by taking UPF, weight and body fat gradually lessened. Among the lost weight the percentage of the body fat was high and we judged that the process of losing weight was successful. It is hard to predict whether weight loss will occur to people who are already in shape or not, but if overweight and obesity people regularly take UPF instead of other food products, we assume that UPF will help lessening body fat. The most positive change among biochemical changes by taking UPF was decreasing of serum lipid contents. The concentrations of total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol gradually decreased and decreased intently after 12weeks. Serum HDL-cholesterol gradually increased and serum triglyceride showed gradual decrement. When healthy adult women replaced two of three meals with UPF for 3months, we were able to see some useful changes like decrement of body fat and serum lipid control and during this 3month period, no significant nutritional problems occurred. Complete judgement on UPF may be difficult with these conclusions but if people take a nomal meal once and replenish iron from taking UPF twice a day, we assume that replacing UPF with regular meal not be a problem in nutritional status. If other experiments on the effects of UPF proceed, we believe that those experiments will be very helpful in judging the nutritional value of UPF. (Korean J Nutrition 36(1) : 49-63, 2003)