• 제목/요약/키워드: OSAS

검색결과 73건 처리시간 0.023초

Comparison of Clinical Characteristics and Effects of Modified Jaw Thrust Maneuver During Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy (DISE) between Positional and Non-Positional Obstructive Sleep Apnea Patients

  • ;구수권
    • 임상이비인후과
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    • 제29권2호
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    • pp.190-197
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    • 2018
  • Background and Objectives : Positional OSAS is characterized by an apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) score >5, which, while sleeping in the supine position, is double that in non-supine position. This study was performed to compare the clinical characteristics of positional OSAS and non-positional OSAS patients, and the effects of the modified jaw thrust maneuver during drug-induced sleep endoscopy (DISE) between positional OSAS and non-positional OSAS patients. Materials and Methods : 68 positional OSAS patients and 19 non-positional OSAS patients were included. They all underwent full-night polysomnography and DISE. The modified jaw thrust maneuver was introduced during DISE. Airway structural changes induced by the modified jaw thrust maneuver were evaluated and documented. Results : There were no statistically significant differences in Friedman stage or tonsil grade, body mass index, Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS) score, blood pressure, AHI, or obstructive pattern between the positional and non-positional OSAS patients. However, mean arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2), lowest SaO2, and total arousal index values were more severe in the non-positional OSAS patients. After introduction of the modified jaw thrust maneuver, retrolingual level obstruction showed a tendency toward a higher rate of airway opening in positional OSAS patients than in non-positional OSAS patients. Conclusions : The effects of a mandibular advancement device (MAD) can be estimated by carrying out a modified jaw thrust maneuver during DISE. The tendency toward a higher rate of airway opening in positional OSAS patients than non-positional OSAS patients in retrolingual level obstruction after jaw thrust maneuver introduced during DISE may be clinically important for MAD.

고도비만이 동반된 폐쇄성수면무호흡증 환자에서 시행된 비만대사수술 1례 (A Case of Bariatric Surgery for an OSAS Patient with Severe Obesity)

  • 이상국;홍승노;정재현;최지호
    • 수면정신생리
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    • 제23권2호
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    • pp.93-96
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    • 2016
  • Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) has negative effects on health, including increased mortality, risk of cardiovascular disease, and neurocognitive difficulties. OSAS is common in obese patients and obesity is an important risk factor of OSAS. A 41-year-old female OSAS patient with severe obesity (body mass index [BMI] ${\geq}35$) who failed dietary weight loss underwent bariatric surgery. After surgery, there were improvements in BMI (from 36.9 to $31.7kg/m^2$) and polysomnographic data, including the apnea-hypopnea index (from 25.1 to 11.2 events/hr) and minimum SaO2 (from 69 to 82%). This case demonstrates that bariatric surgery may be an effective therapeutic option to reduce sleep-disordered breathing in severely obese patients with moderate OSAS. Bariatric surgery as a treatment option for OSAS should be considered in OSAS patients with severe obesity who failed dietary weight loss.

소아 폐쇄성수면무호흡증후군 (Pediatric Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome)

  • 이승훈;최지호
    • 수면정신생리
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    • 제12권2호
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    • pp.98-104
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    • 2005
  • Approximately 1% to 3% of all children have obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS). OSAS in children can lead to a variety of symptoms and sequalae; impairment of development and quality of life, behavioral and personality disturbance, learning problem, cor pulmonale and hypertension. Diagnosis and treatment of OASA for children are different from those for adults in many respects. Adenotonsillar hypertrophy is major cause of childhood OSAS. Overnight polysomnography in a sleep laboratory is the gold standard for diagnosing childhood OSAS. However, because full polysomnography in children may be difficult to obtain, expensive, and inconvenient, other methods to diagnose OSAS have been investigated. Adenotonsillectomy is the most common surgical treatment of childhood OSAS. But if residual symptoms remained after adenotonsillectomy, it should be considered to additional treatment such as weight control, sleep positional change, and continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP).

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이부전방이동술, 하설골근절개술 및 설골현수법을 이용한 폐쇄성 수면 무호흡증 환자의 치료:증례보고 (GENIAL ADVANCEMENT, INFRAHYOID MYOTOMY AND SUSPENSION IN TREATMENT OF OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP APNEA SYNDROME)

  • 김재진;김은석;김태섭
    • Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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    • 제27권2호
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    • pp.162-166
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    • 2001
  • Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome(OSAS) is a complex sleep disorder characterized by intermittent apnea secondary to sleep-induced obstruction of the upper airway. It occurs because of an airway obstruction anywhere between the trachea and the oronasal apparatus. The hallmark of OSAS is snoring, which is caused by vibration of the tissues of the pharynx as the airway narrows. The consequences of OSAS have focused on excessive daytime sleepiness resulting from sleep fragmentation and the cardiovascular derangements producing hypertension and arrhythmias. The primary method of controlling OSAS has been surgery. The current surgical procedures used for OSAS are tracheostomy, tonsillectomy, nasal septoplasty, uvulopalatopharyngoplasty, anterior mandibular osteotomy with hyoid myotomy and suspension, and maxillary, mandibular and hyoid advancement. We report a case of OSAS that was improved by genial advancement with infrahyoid myotomy and suspension. The patient was objectively documented by polysomnography, cephalometric analysis, and physical examination before the surgical procedure. The patient underwent genial advancement with infrahyoid myotomy and suspension. Patient had a good response from surgery.

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폐쇄성 수면 무호흡증의 심각도와 심박동 변이율 : 탈경향변동분석 (Severity of Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Heart Rate Variability : Detrended Fluctuation Analysis)

  • 주가원;신철진;박두흠
    • 생물정신의학
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    • 제16권2호
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    • pp.69-75
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    • 2009
  • Objectives : The detrended fluctuation analysis is one of the nonlinear methods for the investigation of biological time series. It quantifies the fractal scaling properties and is known to be useful in the evaluation of long-range correlations in time series. The heart rate variability(HRV) of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) patients during nighttime was analyzed by detrended fluctuation analysis to assess its relationship with the severity of the symptoms. Methods : Fifty nine untreated male OSAS patients with moderate to severe symptoms(mean age=45.4${\pm}$11.7 years, apnea-hypopnea index, AHI${\geq}$15) underwent nocturnal polysomnography. Moderate(AHI=15-30, N=22) and severe(AHI>30, N=37) OSAS patients were compared for the indices derived from detrended fluctuation analysis and frequency domain analysis of HRV. Results : In the detrended fluctuation analysis, the alpha values were 0.75${\pm}$0.11 and 0.82${\pm}$0.07 for the severe and the moderate OSAS groups respectively. The difference was significant(p<.01). The alpha value had negative correlation with AHI(r=-.425, p=.001). Negative correlation coefficients were also found in the relationships between the alpha values and very low frequency(VLF)(r=-.425, p=.001), low frequency(LF)(r=-.633, p= <.001) and the LF/HF ratio(r=-.305, p=.019) respectively. LF/HF ratio(p=.005) was higher in the severe OSAS group compared to that of the moderate OSAS group. Conclusion : In this study, the detrended fluctuation analysis showed the significant difference between the two OSAS groups classified according to their severity of symptoms. The scaling exponent showed the negative correlation with AHI and indicies of frequency domain analysis. This result suggests that detrended fluctuation analysis can be helpful to estimate the severity of OSAS.

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염증 반응과 수면 장애 (Inflammation and Insufficient or Disordered Sleep)

  • 이석준;김진관
    • 대한임상검사과학회지
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    • 제47권3호
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    • pp.97-104
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    • 2015
  • 수면현상은 인간의 삶의 1/3을 차지하는 중요한 생리적 현상으로 인간의 수면은 신체의 기능을 유지하기 위한 중요한 생리적 기능뿐 아니라 수면을 통한 휴식을 통하여 신체 건강을 유지하고 성장을 유지하는 중요한 역할을 한다. 최근의 급격한 산업화와 정보화로 인하여 급격한 사회 생활구조의 변화를 유발하여 성인뿐 아니라 소아에서도 평균수면 시간의 감소와 다양한 스트레스 환경으로 인한 수면의 질적 저하로 인한 다양한 수면 문제가 사회적 문제로 대두되고 있다. 단순히 수면 부족 또는 수면의 질적 저하뿐 아니라 수면 장애, 특히 폐쇄성 수면 무호흡증은 심혈관 질환뿐 아니라 비만, 대사증후군, 심혈관 질환, 뇌혈관 질환 등 의 다양한 만성 질병의 발생과 깊은 연관성이 있는 것으로 보고하고 있다. 특히 이러한 만성질환을 유발하는 핵심기전으로 염증 반응이 관여하고 있는 것으로 알려져 있으며, 따라서 수면 현상과 다양한 수면 장애에 대한 관심이 급격히 증가하고 있는 실정이다. 비록 수면 무호흡증으로 인한 이러한 질병의 이환에 대한 기전은 다양한 요인이 복합적으로 작용하는 것으로 알려져 있지만 핵심 기전으로 알려진 염증반응의 활성화가 병태 생리학적으로 중요한 역할을 하는 것으로 추측하고 있다. 따라서 최근 수면 무호흡증을 낮은 수준의 만성 염증 질환으로 인식되고 있으며, 더불어 비만과 수면무호흡증으로 인한 연관된 질병의 이환을 더욱 증가시키는 것으로 보고되고 있다. 따라서 본 종설에는 수면의 질적 또는 양적 저하뿐 아니라 폐쇄성 수면 무호흡증으로 인한 염증성 반응의 활성화가 인간의 신체 면역 과정 미치는 영향을 중심으로 최근의 연구 결과 및 수면 무호흡증과 비만의 잠재적 상호작용에 대하여 서술하고자 한다

Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome in children: Epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis and sequelae

  • Chang, Sun-Jung;Chae, Kyu-Young
    • Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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    • 제53권10호
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    • pp.863-871
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    • 2010
  • The prevalence of pediatric obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is approximately 3% in children. Adenotonsillar hypertrophy is the most common cause of OSAS in children, and obesity, hypotonic neuromuscular diseases, and craniofacial anomalies are other major risk factors. Snoring is the most common presenting complaint in children with OSAS, but the clinical presentation varies according to age. Agitated sleep with frequent postural changes, excessive sweating, or abnormal sleep positions such as hyperextension of neck or abnormal prone position may suggest a sleep-disordered breathing. Night terror, sleepwalking, and enuresis are frequently associated, during slow-wave sleep, with sleep-disordered breathing. Excessive daytime sleepiness becomes apparent in older children, whereas hyperactivity or inattention is usually predominant in younger children. Morning headache and poor appetite may also be present. As the cortical arousal threshold is higher in children, arousals are not easily developed and their sleep architectures are usually more conserved than those of adults. Untreated OSAS in children may result in various problems such as cognitive deficits, attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder, poor academic achievement, and emotional instability. Mild pulmonary hypertension is not uncommon. Rarely, cardiovascular complications such as cor pulmonale, heart failure, and systemic hypertension may develop in untreated cases. Failure to thrive and delayed development are serious problems in younger children with OSAS. Diagnosis of pediatric OSAS should be based on snoring, relevant history of sleep disruption, findings of any narrow or collapsible portions of upper airway, and confirmed by polysomnography. Early diagnosis of pediatric OSAS is critical to prevent complications with appropriate interventions.

임상가를 위한 특집 2 - 폐쇄성 수면 무호흡증의 외과적 치료: 최신 경향 (Surgical Management of Obsructive Slepp Apnea Syndrom: latest tendency)

  • 송승일;이호경
    • 대한치과의사협회지
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    • 제52권10호
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    • pp.602-614
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    • 2014
  • 폐쇄성 수면 무호흡증(OSAS)환자의 외과적 치료(surgical treatment)로는 다양한 방법들이 있고 수술 방법의 선택시 여러 인자들을 고려해서 선택해야 한다. 즉, 수술은 폐쇄성 수면 무호흡증(OSAS)을 조절하는데 있어 보존적 치료 (non-surgical treatment)의 좋은 대체 방안(alternative chance)이 될 수 있기에, 증상(OSAS)의 주관적(subjective), 객관적(objective), 심각성(severity)을 해부학적 이상(anatomic abnormality) 정도와 연관시켜 적절한 수술법(surgical procedure)을 선택해야 한다. 수술 방법은 한가지 방법을 사용(single-level)하는지, 여러 수술 방법을 통합하여 사용(multi-level)하는지에 따라 다양하며, 그 예후도 각각 다르다. 중요한 점은 다단계 폐색(multilevel obstruction)이 있는 경우에는 다단계 치료(multilevel treatment) 방법이 가장 추천된다는 것이며, 이는 단지 증상(OSAS)의 심각성(severity)을 기준으로만 평가해서는 안되며 경도나 중등도(mild to moderate)의 환자에서도 필요시 보존적 치료(non-surgical treatment)를 시행하기 전에 다단계 외과적 치료(multilevel surgical treatment) 방법을 적극적으로 고려해야 한다. 비록 다단계 치료(multilevel treatment)방법은 상대적으로 짧은 임상 기간을 거쳤지만, 앞으로 지속적인 연구 결과(evidence-based data)를 이어간다면, 개개 환자에 맞는 최적의 치료 방법(optimal surgical intervention)을 제시할 수 있을 것이다.

폐쇄성 수면무호흡 증후군과 일차성 불면증에서 심박동률 변이도 지수의 비교 (Comparison of Heart Rate Variability Indices between Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome and Primary Insomnia)

  • 남지원;박두흠;유재학;유승호;하지현
    • 수면정신생리
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    • 제19권2호
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    • pp.68-76
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    • 2012
  • 목 적: 수면 장애는 자율신경계의 변화를 유발하여 심혈관계에 영향을 준다. 일차성 불면증(primary insomnia, 이하 PI)은 수면부족 및 각성으로, 폐쇄성 수면무호흡 증후군(obstructive sleep apnea syndrome, 이하 OSAS)은 수면 중 빈번한 각성, 저산소증 등으로 교감신경계 항진을 유발한다. 이에 OSAS와 PI 사이에서 심박동률 변이도(heart rate variability, 이하 HRV) 분석을 통해 자율신경계의 변화 정도를 비교하고자 하였다. 방 법: 임상병력 및 야간수면다원검사(nocturnal polysomnography, 이하 NPSG)로 선택된 PI와 OSAS 전체 315 명의 대상자 중 OSAS는 무호흡-저호흡 지수(apnea-hypopnea index, 이하 AHI)에 따라서 경도, 중등도, 중증도 OSAS로 분류하여 PI를 포함하여 4개의 군으로 분류되었다. 이후 연령, 성별, 군간 개체수를 고려하여 최종적으로 110명의 대상자가 선택되었고, PI군(평균나이 41.50, 표준편차 13.16, AHI <5, n=20), 경도 OSAS군(평균나이 43.67, 표준편차 12.11, AHI 5~15, n=30), 중등도 OSAS군(평균나이 44.93, 표준편차 12.38, AHI 16~30, n=30), 중증도 OSAS군(평균 나이 45.87, 표준편차 12.44, AHI >30, n=30)의 4개 군으로 나누었다. 이후 NPSG를 통해 얻은 각 군의 HRV 지수 비교를 위하여 연령과 체질량지수(body weight index, BMI)를 공변량으로 하여 공분산분석(analysis of covariance, ANCOVA)를 실시한 후 사후분석으로 Sidak test를 실시하였다. 결 과: HRV 지수의 비교 결과 PI군과 경도, 중등도의 OSAS군 간에 유의한 차이는 없었다. 그러나 PI군과 중증도 OSAS군 사이에는 유의한 차이가 있었다. 군간비교에서 통계적으로 가장 현저한 차이를 보인 PI군과 중증도 OSAS군에서 HRV 지수 중 통계적으로 의미 있는 각각의 값은 다음과 같았다. Average RR interval은 $991.1{\pm}27.1$$875.8{\pm}22.0$ ms(p=0.016), standard deviation of NN interval(SDNN)은 $85.4{\pm}6.6$$112.8{\pm}5.4$ ms(p=0.022), SDNN index는 $57.5{\pm}5.2$$87.6{\pm}4.2$(p<0.001), total power는 $11893.5{\pm}1359.9$$8097.0{\pm}1107.2ms^2$(p=0.008), very low frequency(VLF)는 $7534.8{\pm}1120.1$$11883.8{\pm}912.0ms^2$(p=0.035), low frequency(LF)는 $2724.2{\pm}327.8$$4351.6{\pm}266.9ms^2$였다(p=0.003). 결 론: 본 연구에서는 PI군에 비해 중증도의 OSAS군에서 HRV 지수 중 교감신경계의 영향을 많이 받는 VLF, LF 등이 상승하는 양상을 보였고, 이를 통해 PI에 비해 중증도의 OSAS가 교감신경계 활동증가에 보다 더 큰 영향을 끼치는 것을 알 수 있었다.

코막힘으로 인해 양압기에 적응하지 못한 폐쇄성수면무호흡증 환자에서 시행된 코수술 1례 (A Case of Nasal Surgery for a Positive Airway Pressure-Intolerant OSAS Patient Due to Nasal Obstruction)

  • 정재현;선상우;홍승노;최지호
    • 수면정신생리
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    • 제23권2호
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    • pp.97-99
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    • 2016
  • Positive airway pressure (PAP) is currently recommended as a primary treatment for obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) and positively affects various subjective and objective parameters related to OSAS, such as the apnea-hypopnea index, excessive daytime sleepiness, and blood pressure. However, PAP also exhibits various adverse effects, including skin breakdown, pressure intolerance, claustrophobia, unintentional mask removal, mouth leaks, and dryness. Especially, unintentional mask removal due to nasal obstruction may result in poor PAP compliance. A 47-year-old male patient with severe OSAS who had low PAP compliance due to nasal obstruction underwent nasal surgery. After the surgery, nasal obstruction was corrected and the patient experienced improved PAP compliance (from 30.4% to 86.7%). This case demonstrates that nasal surgery may be useful for improving PAP compliance in OSAS patients with nasal obstruction.