• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제28권10호
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• pp.267-275
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• 2023

조선 및 해운·물류 분야의 디지털 전환은 자율운항선박의 도입 및 선박의 운항방식의 변화를 이끌 것으로 예상된다. 기존 운항방식과 함께 자율운항, 원격운항 등 다양한 운항형태가 공존하며, 선박 운용 프로세스의 전환과 새로운 이해관계자의 등장이 전망된다. 본 논문에서는 선박 운항방식 변화에 따른 미래 선박 운항 프로세스를 분석하고, 미래 선박의 운항환경 변화를 예측하여 주요 업무별·이해관계자별 기능요건을 도출하고자 한다. 델파이 기법을 활용하여 항해 및 화물운송 계획 수립단계부터 최종 목적항 입항 및 화물 하역단계까지 선박 운항 시나리오를 구성하고, 업무별, 수행 주체별 미래 업무 변화를 예측했다. 원격운항, 자율운항 등으로 선원의 개입이 최소화될 것이며, 각 분야의 전문가가 선박 운항의 다양한 측면에서 책임과 의무를 갖게 될 것으로 예상된다.

• 대한간호
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.36-48
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• 1990

This study was attempted to provide us with basic information on how to improve understanding with patients for operation, and to offer then better nursing and treatment. This kind of study will help scientific application to nursing practice and operating room. The data was collected by interviewing 29 patients who underwent the elective surgery under the general anesthesia at Y hospital in Seoul. The interview ran from October 15 to December 15, 1989. The research instrument was a anxiety measurement device (SAAI) originally developed by Spielberger, et al and modified by Jung-Tack Kim. 1. Hypothesis Testing Hypothesis one was that there would be a difference in state anxiety level according to a time difference in watiting for operation. This hypothesis was rejected(state.anxiety level one hour before operation P>.05, r-.747, State anxiety level half an hour before operation P>.05, r-.1550, state anxiety level just before operation, P>.05, r=.1099). However, state anxiety, evel appeared to be associated with a longer watiting period, like one day before operation (P<.05, r-.4628). Hypothesis two was that there would be a difference according to state anxiety level of patients for operation. This was rejected. (Change of blood perssure in systolie P>.05 r=.1082, Change of blood pressure in diastolic P>.05, r=.088, Change of pulse rate, P>.05, r-1.909) 2. Examining trait anxiety and state anxiety levels, the average level of trait anxiety was 42.034, and the average level of state anxiety one day before operation was 43,000. The average level of state anxiety was averaged 42.356 in a waiting room for operation. 3. Examining the state anxiety level by time period, the one hour before was 42.379 the level half an hour before 42.276, and the level just before operation 42.414. The low level of state anxiety was due to the fact that premedication was not eliminated. 4. Age and time period like one day before operation was related to state anxiety level (F=5.271, P<.0.01) and blood pressure in waiting room for operation. That is, state anxiety level and blood pressure of patients one day before operation appeared high. Sex was relation to changes of blood pressure ; the blood pressure of male patients appeard higer than of female patients. A marital status was also related anxiety level one hour before operation the married patient for operation showed a higher state anxiety level than that of the unmarried patient for operation. Education was similarily related to trait anxiety level in which highly educated patients show lower levels of trait anxiety than poorly educated ones. Motive for hospitalization was related to state anxiety level for patient one hour before operation (F=6.464, P<.05) likewise, patients who are supposed to undergo operation hastily showed higher levels of anxiety than patients who expect elective surgeries.

• 한국원자력학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국원자력학회 2005년도 춘계학술발표회
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• pp.733-734
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• 2005

• 한국항해항만학회지
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• 제32권5호
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• pp.369-377
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• 2008

최근 컨테이너선의 대형화 추세와 항만간의 경쟁 가속화로 인해 컨테이너터미널의 효율적 운영과 생산성 향상에 대한 관심과 노력이 증대되고 있다. 특히 YT를 이용한 이송방식을 채택하고 있는 터미널의 경우 AGV(Automated Guided Vehicle)를 이용하고 있는 자동화터미널에 비해 상대적으로 경제성 및 운용효율성 측면에서 불리한 것이 사실이다. 최근 10여 년간 이와 같은 YT운용의 비효율성을 보완하기 위해 YT Pooling Operation 도입과 같은 노력이 계속되어 왔으나 개별 YT의 위치인식기능부재로 인한 제약으로 실질적인 효과는 미미한 수준이었다. 본 연구에서는 최근 주목받고 있는 RTLS(Real Time Location System) 기술을 활용하여 기존 YT Pooling Operation의 제약사항을 해결하는 새로운 개념의 YT Dynamic Operation 모델을 세안한다.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.301-308
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• 1999

Path planning for field operation of agricultural machinery is an indispensible part for precision farming or autonomous field operation. In this study, two algorithms (I, II) of generating a time-based shortest operation path were suggested to plan an optimal operation of an agricultural tractor-implement in a rectangular shaped field. The algorithms were based on modification of a minimum spanning tree algorithm, and applied for tractor-implement operations. the generated path was consisted of round operation and returning operation sections. The number of round operation was determined from the condition that a tractor can turn smoothly at headlands. The performance of the algorithms was evaluated by the calculation number for path generation and the total path length generated. Their stability was affected by the number of returning operation, but the algorithm II was considered to be more stable. In addition, the performances of the developed algorithms were compared with those of the conventional field operations at selected field sizes and shapes. The results showed that the algorithms could reduce field operation time greatly. For a 100m$\times$40m field, the reduced path length was 78m. The study also included an user interface program for implementing the algorithms and generating GPS coordinates that could be used in GIS softwares for precision farming.

• 한국IT서비스학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.45-60
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• 2017

The study suggests a contract model of application operation through case study of A bank's IT outsourcing application contract based on workload. The IT outsourcing order form has a problem in that the scope of work is ambiguous due to the integration of operation and maintenance. In this study, application operation and maintenance were separated by referring to application operation history provided in ISO/IEC15504-5 standard. The scope of the IT outsourcing service was clarified by organizing the definition and detail activities of the application operation business. Application operation contract method has generally applied estimation method by the number of input manpower and period by agreement between buyer and client. As there is no activity to calculate the number of input manpower based on the operational work history and based on the standard workload per activity. In this case is not guaranteed due to the simple agreement between the contractors. In this paper, we propose an application operating cost estimation model that measures the size of the operating software using function point analysis that is the basis of application operation tasks. In order to verify the validity of the application operation cost model, we verified the correlation between the application size and the labor cost through regression analysis using SPSS.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.460-466
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• 1982

A analysis of CPK & LDH Isoenzyme was done on the consecutive patients undergoing thoracic operations from July 1982 to October 1982 in the Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Capital Armed Forces General Hospital. Eighteen patients were analysed by three groups, such as open heart surgery [group A], major thoracic operation [group B] , minor thoracic operation group [group C]. In all patients serial determination of total level and Isoenzyme of CPK, LDH wad done on preoperative operative and up to 8th post-operative day, The results obtained are as follows. 1. The average value of serum CPK before the operation was 61 IU/L. The value of serum CPK was increased following the operation mainly MM portion and reached to the maximal level of 536107 IU/L in A group 1200191 IU/L in B group, 306150 IU/L in C group on the first postoperative day. The enzyme activity was gradually decreased thereafter and returned to the normal range on the 3rd or 4th day after the operation. 2. The average value of serum LDH before the operation was found to be 83 IU/L. The value was increased during the operation and reached to the maximal level of 481108 IU/L in group A, 14827 I U/L in group B, 10035 IU/L in group C on the second day after the operation. The enzyme activity was gradually decreased thereafter and returned to the normal range on the seventh day after the operation. The enzyme activity was dependent to the duration of operation, severity of muscle damage, type of thoracotomy, effect of extracorporeal circulation, state of disease.

• 대한교통학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.131-142
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• 2005

버스 운행 정시성은 운행계획에 따라 정시에 운행하는 정도를 나타낸다. 이용자의 대기시간은 버스 운행의 정시성에 직접적으로 영향을 받기 때문에 정시성지표는 이용자 관점에서 버스 운행의 신뢰성을 평가하는 지료로 가장 널리 사용되는 평가척도 중 하나이다. 그러나 실제 버스 운행은 도로여건, 교통상황, 승객수요 등 여러 가지 상황에 의해 사전에 작성된 운행 계획을 준수하지 못하게 된다. 따라서 여러 가지 상황에 따라 버스 운행의 정시성을 평가할 수 있는 정시성 지표를 개발하여 제시한다. 또한 서울시에서 운행하는 여러 버스 노선의 운행 자료를 분석하여 정시성 지표를 산출하였으며 이를 통해 여러 가지 운행 여건에 따른 정시성지표의 변화 특성을 분석하였다.

• 해양환경안전학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.251-258
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• 2019

This study was conducted to propose an effective port operation method in terms of the design capacity of waiting anchorage by comparing the ratio and the number of waiting anchorage according to the port operation method of Busan New Port. For this, the Arena simulation program compared the rates of waiting vessels according to the application of the multi-user terminal, liner terminal and hybrid liner terminal operation methods. As a result, analysis suggested the necessary anchorage space can be reduced to about 18 % when using the multi-user terminal operation method and about 15.6 % when using the hybrid liner terminal operation method, as compared with the liner terminal operation method. Specifically, it was effective to apply the multi-user terminal operation method in terms of the anchorage capacity to be designated to Busan New Port. This study can apply to the designation of the new anchorage in the Busan New Port by reflecting the contents of the design of the anchorage in accordance with the port operation method.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2001년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.376-383
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• 2001

This paper describes the result of endurance test on the Sangju test track. The purpose of the test is to prove the endurance of the Korean EMU for the commercial operation. Test conditions are more severe than actual operation on the commercial line. As of October, test result is good without severe problems. After 100,000km of test operation, the EMU will be delivered to operation cooperation for th commercial operation.