• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.49 no.3
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• pp.340-348
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• 2019

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the nutritional status of liver transplantation (LT) recipients and explore certain factors that influence nutritional status, including dietary patterns and physical activities. Methods: This was a cross-sectional, descriptive study. The subjects included 211 LT recipients at a medical center outpatient clinic located in Seoul, Korea. The nutritional status, dietary patterns, and physical activities of each subject were measured using the body mass index (BMI), Mini Dietary Assessment (MDA), and Global Physical Activity Questionnaire. Independent t-test, one-way analysis of variance, and multiple linear regression analysis were used to analyze the data. Results: The percentages of living and deceased donor LTs were 81.0% and 19.0%, respectively. The mean BMIs pre- and post-LT were 23.88 and $23.16kg/m^2$, respectively, and the average MDA score was 36.55. More than 60.0% of the subjects had a moderate or high level of physical activity. In multivariate analysis, a higher BMI before LT (${\beta}=.72$, p<.001), a lower Model for End-stage Liver Disease (MELD) score (${\beta}=-.18$, p<.001), and being male (${\beta}=-.10$, p=.024) contributed to better nutritional status post-LT. Patients within six months of LT were less engaged in muscle exercises than those post six months of LT (p=.020). Conclusion: LT recipients in Korea have good nutritional status and a good level of physical activity. To improve recipients' post-LT nutritional status, the pre-LT nutritional status should be considered, particularly in those with a higher MELD score. In addition, physical activity including muscle-strengthening exercises should be encouraged from an earlier stage.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.28 no.11
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• pp.1100-1116
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• 1995

Nutritional and health status was assessed in the 86 healthy elderly women who aged 65 through 96 and resided in nursing home in chonbuk area. Nutritional status was determined by dietary intake, anthropometric and hematological indices and hair elements. Correlation analysis among nutritional indices were performed to identify the factors which related specifically to nutritional status of the elderly. Nutrients intake below two-thirds of the RDA were Ca, riboflavin and niacin. Especially mean Ca intake was only 51.9% of RDA and most of nutrients intake were decreased as theri age increased. Height, body weight and mid upper arm circumference were decreased with age but W/H ratio did not differ among age groups. These data suggested that body fat accumulation did not change with age but lean body mass was decreased with age in the elderly. Waist circumference was positively correlated to dietary fat intake, and body weight, BMI, waist and hip circumferences and total body fat were positively correlated with serum LDC/HDL ratio. It could be concluded anthropometric indices were good indicator that reflect the lipid nutritional status in elderly women. Hematological indices, Hb, RBC, MCH, albumin, globulin, transferrin levels, belonged to normal ranges of aged women. However, the lowest Hb level showed in the oldest-old group(aged 85 and over years group). The avalilavilty of hair analysis to measure nutritional status was tested. There were not found any significant correlations between many kinds of nutritional indices and hair elements except hair Zn content which was positively correlated with BMI.

• Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.21-30
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• 1995

Critically ill patients admitted in ICU and NCU were studied with respect to their nutritional status and support to them at initial period, and the effect of nutritional support after 3 weeks. The nutritional support was supplied to these patients with the enteral and parenteral nutrition. The results of biochemical test and status of nutritional support on 52(29 males, 23 females) critically ill patients were based on medical records and the anthropometry was measured on 28 patients. The subjects were in mild malnutrition. Their initial calorie intakes were 85% of BEE, 57% of total energy requirements and 49% of protein requirement were provided. Two groups, one group of serum albumin level more than 3.5g/dl and the other group of serum albumin level less than 3.5g/dl, were significant different in total calorie and protein intakes. After 3 weeks, inappropriate nutritional support in the group of normal nutrition results in significant decreasing of serum albumin level but, there were no changes in the group of malnutrition. Nutritional support is one of the mainstays in the management of these critically ill patients and is aimed at preventing malnutrition. Therefore, timely nutritional support is heavily required in cases of critically ill patients whether their initial nutritional status is normal or not.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.387-397
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• 2015

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate nutritional status and fatigue, and to identify the relationship between nutritional status and fatigue in gynecological cancer patients receiving chemotherapy. Methods: Participants were 106 outpatients who had uterine, ovary, or breast cancer and a descriptive cross-sectional design was used. Nutritional indicators including biochemical and anthropometric measures, the Subjective Global Assessment (SGA) scale, and the Piper's Revised Fatigue Scale were completed. Results: About thirty-nine percent of the patients were malnourished based on the SGA. Serum hemoglobin and total lymphocyte levels were less than the normal ranges, although anthropometrics were normal. The women experienced moderate fatigue with a mean score of $5.84{\pm}2.00$. Nutritional status was significantly different by age, education, employment status, and monthly income. The women also had different nutritional status and fatigue depending on the type of cancer and chemotherapy. Fatigue was significantly related to SGA scores, serum hemoglobin, triceps skinfold thickness and mid-arm muscle circumference. Conclusion: The results of this study highlight an urgent need to provide adequate nutritional support and fatigue management with individualized strategies for gynecological cancer patients on chemotherapy.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.495-503
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• 2004

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the degree of cognitive level, nutritional status and depression in elderly according to living situations. Method: The subjects consisted of 173 elderly classifying three groups(living alone, living with spouse, living with children). Data was collected from March to June, 2003 by a structured questionnaire that included general characteristics, MMSE-K, nutritional status and depression scale. The collected data was analyzed by the SPSS program including descriptive statistics, $\chi$$^2$-test, ANCOVA, Scheffe test and Pearson Correlation Coefficient. Result: In MMSE-K, the living alone group showed suspicious dementia while the other groups were normal. The living alone group showed a high nutritional risk and all three groups showed depression. In MMSE-K, the nutritional status and depression were statistically significant by the living situation. In each group except living with spouse, MMSE-K indicated a significantly negative correlation to depression and nutritional status, while nutritional status showed a significantly positive correlation to depression. Conclusion: It is necessary to develop supportive programs for decreasing the risk of bad health in the elderly and an individual approach according to their living situation. Especially, more concern and intervention is necessary for the solitary elderly.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.77-92
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• 2006

Objectives: This study is to investigate and to test the overall level of nutritional knowledge. attitude. practice and health status of the residents in rural area. Methods: The interview survey was performed in March 2004 with structured questionnaires to 510 respondents of the residents who lived in Muan-Gun of Jeonnam province. The questionnaire was the abridged Scale of the Nutritional Knowledge Attitude Practice(SNKA) and health status as the morbidity, subjective health status, health management, and health examination. The covariate, F-test or t-test, and Chi-squire method were used for some of the cross-sectional data. Results: Average weight of nutritional knowledge was $10.64{\pm}5.98$ by SNKA of the 20 items(0-20). Average weight of nutritional attitude practice was $64.59{\pm}7.72$ by SNKA of the 20 items(20-80). The level of the nutritional knowledge was lower than the level of the nutritional attitude practice. 77.3% of the respondents have been health management, 49.6% of the respondents have been health examination. A majority of the respondents(31.3%) had disease, while 13.5% of the respondents had chronic disease, and 17.8% of the respondents had acute disease. The level of nutritional knowledge and general characteristics was positively correlated while the relationships were positive between nutritional knowledge and health status, and between nutritional attitude practice and health status. Conclusion: These results suggested that education programs of the nutritional knowledge were necessary for the residents of rural area. And behavior change of the nutritional knowledge were necessary for the residents of rural area. Further research would be required to specify the necessities and operation researches.

• The Korean Journal of Health Service Management
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.159-169
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• 2017

Objectives : The purpose of this descriptive observational study was to identify the factors influencing the nutritional status of patients with liver cancer receiving transarterial chemoembolization(TACE) Methods : A total of 100 participants were enrolled in this study. Data were collected and descriptive statistics and logistic regression were performed. Results : Among participants, 41.0% had a risk of malnutrition and 59.0% had a normal nutritional status. Statistically significant differences between the normal and risk groups were found for the following factors: occupation; economical status; regular exercise; underlying disease; adverse events right after TACE; current adverse events; duration after TACE; depression; and self-care performance. Underlying disease(OR=5.134, p=.005) and self-care performance(OR=0.931, p=.032) had statistically associated with nutritional status. Conclusions : The findings suggest that underlying disease and self-care performance influence the nutritional status among liver cancer patients receiving transcatheter arterial chemoembolization(TACE).

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.292-299
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• 2019

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine whether poor preoperative nutritional status in elderly patients exhibited a negative influence on postoperative clinical outcomes. Methods: The medical records of 645 elderly patients were examined retrospectively. The patients had undergone major surgery between January 2017 and January 2018. Their nutritional status was measured using the Nutritional Risk Screening 2002. The data were analyzed using the chi-squared test, the Mann-Whitney U test, logistic regression, linear regression, Cox proportional hazards regression, and the Kaplan-Meier analysis. Results: Preoperative malnutrition was found in 73 patients (11.3%). Poor preoperative nutritional status was significantly associated with pressure ulcers, length of hospitalization, discharge to patient care facilities rather than home, and mortality rate at three months. Conclusion: Preoperative malnutrition in elderly patients was associated with negative postoperative clinical outcomes. These results indicate that an effective nutritional program before surgery can lead to a more rapid postoperative recovery.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.478-487
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• 2003

Purpose. The purpose of this study was to identify the relationship between fatigue and nutritional status in patients undergoing radiotherapy. Design. A correlational and crossectional study design was used. Method. One-hundred-fifty-one subjects with cancer receiving radiotherapy were recruited from a university hospital in Chonan, Korea. Fatigue was measured using Piper's Fatigue Scale (PFS). The parameters for nutritional status included body weight, body mass index, hemoglobin, and lymphocyte counts. Cancer stage was controlled in analyzing the differences in fatigue, body weight and body mass index. Results. The patients who experienced most fatigue were in their fifties, employed, had head and neck cancer, received radiotherapy on the head and neck, and had concomitant chemotherapy. Disease-related characteristics such as cancer type, and treatment type were frequently related to poorer nutritional status. Patients who showed poorer nutritional status, such as those with lower body weight, lower body mass index and lower hemoglobin levels were more fatigued than those who did not exhibit such characteristics. Lymphocyte counts did not correlate with fatigue. Conclusion: The findings can be used by nurses who are taking care of patients undergoing radiotherapy. Considering the relationship between fatigue and nutritional status, nurses can identify the risk group most vulnerable to fatigue and malnourishment in order to provide appropriate interventions for them.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.49-60
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• 1997

The purpose of this study was to determine the incidence of malnutrition among patients on admission to hospital, to monitor changes in their nutritional status during hospitalization, and to determine the factors which might affect changes in nutritional status. The subjects for the study were patients who were admitted to general medicine for more than one week. Patients suffering from cardiovascular. renal disease, or dehydration were excluded. Nutritional assessment of the patients was performed on admission and nutritional status was reassessed one week and two weeks after admission. The nutritional assessment tool consisted of subjective history taking and anthropometric measurements. Biochemical measurements were performed only on admission. For anthropometric assessment : patients' body weight, subcutaneous skinfolds thickness, % of body fat, body mass index, and lean body mass were measured using caliper or Bio impedance Analyzer. Factors which might influence current nutritional status, like dietary intake, anorexia, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, sleep disturbance, and number of days of NPO for diagnostic examinations were analyzed. The results are as follows : 1. Of the 59 patients who were studied, 61% were male and 39% female. The nutritional status of all of the 59 subjects was reassessed one week after admission, but it was only done for 22 subjects at two weeks. 2. The anthropometric measurements. including weight body mass index, lean body mass, body fat. and skin fold thickness. were all significantly decreased at one week after admission compared to the values at admission. On the other hand, two weeks after admission, only body weight and abdominal skinfolds thickness were decreased. 3. The subjects reported anorexia for an average of two days, sleep disturbance for two days, and no food intake due to diagnostic test for one day. In the second week of hospitalization, almost none of the patients complained of gastrointestinal symptoms or sleep disturbance except anorexia. Food consumption which was measured based on rice intake was 60% of the food served during the first week of hospitalization, and 66% during the second week of hospitalization. 4. There was no correlation between the subjective nutritional assessment and anthropometric assessment. 5. There was no statistical significance in anthropometric measurements among the patients with various diseases whereas sleep disturbance and no food intake due to various diagnostic test was prominent in patients with gastrointestinal diseases.