• 기본간호학회지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.19-35
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• 1995

This study was designed to identify the severity of anorexia and the diet patterns in receiving chemotherapy. The identification of anorexia would provide useful and basic information to oncology nursing care. The subjects of this study were 102 hospitalized chemotherapy patients in a September 10, 1994. The subjects were 20 years old or above and who agreed to participate in this study and could understand the questionnaire. Three-days diet history were collected and analysed. The study subjects change, food aversions, the severity of anorexia. Data related to demographic and other mecdical characteristics such as age, diagnosis, and medication were collected by review of patient medical record. The results of this study were summarized as follows : 1) The score of anorexia was 73.7 in Anorexia Visual Analogue Scales and mean amount of fool intake per a day was 823cc. The larger the anorexia VAS score, the more severe of anorexia. 2) The food preferences of subjects were identified. Those were aversions, or dislikes the meat such as beef, pork, and chicken, and greesy or fried foods. The Caffeinated drinks such as coffee and tea were disgusted, also. The patients preferred vegetables and Korean traditional food especially kimchee and soy bean soap. 3) Those who were administered analgesics and cisplatin suffered more severe in anorexia than those who analgesics and cisplatin was not administarted. The patients with gastrointestinal cancer has more severe anorexia than those who have the other site cancer ; head and neck, genirourinary etc. The result of this study in turn provide valuable nursing practice guidelines for nutritional counseling in cancer chemotherapy patient. Nurses working with chemotherapy ward should identify the severity of anorexia and diet patterns. In conclusion, the severity of anorexia in cancer chemotherapy patients is very important problems. Health care personnels recognize the potential problems of anorexia and encourage the nutritional counseling in cancer chemotherapy patients.

• 대한영양사협회학술지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.283-296
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• 2012

As a disease that reduces quality of life, functional dyspepsia (FD) is associated with foods that may worsen its symptoms or cause it. The purpose of this study was to examine the nutritional status and dietary behaviors of FD patients. We investigated food intake, food intake frequency, and dietary habits of 45 FD subjects according to the Rome III Diagnosis Criteria. Average age and body mass index (BMI) were 47.7 years and $22.6kg/m^2$ (males: $23.4kg/m^2$, females: $22.1kg/m^2$), respectively. Average energy intake was 77% of Korean Dietary Reference Intake (KDRI), and it was less than that of the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (KNHANES). Other nutrient intake levels were similar to the KNHANES. Energy intake proportion of carbohydrates : protein : fat was 56 : 18 : 26, and the ratio of fat intake was higher than that of the KNHANES. Beans, laver, tomato, and yogurt were consumed very frequently. In the results of meal regularity, dietary behaviors and composition of diet were relatively good. It is likely that the patient controlled their diet by eating cautiously and by reducing alcohol drinking and smoking. Our results indicate that FD patients' nutritional status by consumption of nutrients was at a level of normal healthy people and that dietary habits were better than normal adults. However, their fat intake levels were somewhat higher than normal people. Therefore, further research is required to identify the relationship between dietary intakes and FD.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제64권11호
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• pp.588-595
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• 2021

Background: Acute respiratory infections (ARIs), especially pneumonia, remain a major cause of infant mortality worldwide. In Indonesia, pneumonia is the second most common cause of infant and toddler deaths. Exclusive breastfeeding and basic immunization can protect infants and children from contracting pneumonia. Purpose: Our goal was to assess the risk factors for childhood pneumonia in regions with a high prevalence of pneumonia in Indonesia. Methods: This case-control study was conducted between March and April 2019. A total of 176 infants and toddlers aged 10-59 months were enrolled and selected from among patients who visited the community health center. Cases of pneumonia were diagnosed clinically based on the World Health Organization guidelines, and the control was nonpneumonia. Results: The risk factors for the diagnosis of pneumonia included no or nonexclusive breastfeeding (odds ratio [OR], 7.95; 95% confidence interval [CI], 3.52-17.94), incomplete basic immunizations (OR, 4.47; 95% CI, 2.22-8.99), indoor air pollution (OR, 7.12; 95% CI, 3.03-16.70), low birth weight (OR, 3.27; 95% CI, 1.19-8.92), and a high degree of wasting (OR, 2.77; 95% CI, 1.06-7.17). Other variables such as nutritional status (height-for-age z score), age, sex, and educational status of the mother were not risk factors for pneumonia. Conclusion: No or nonexclusive breastfeeding, incomplete basic immunizations, indoor air pollution, a history of low birth weight, and severe malnutrition were risk factors for childhood pneumonia. Breastfeeding was the dominant factor, while sex modified the relationship between exclusive breastfeeding and the incidence of pneumonia.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제51권4호
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• pp.307-315
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• 2018

본 연구는 대구광역시 소재 종합병원에 입원한 노인 영양불량환자의 병원식사 섭취량 증진을 위한 영양중재의 효과를 분석하고자 하였으며, 이를 통하여 입원한 노인 영양불량환자의 영양관리 방안에 대한 기초자료를 제공하고자 하였다. 본 연구에서는 병원식사 섭취량 감소의 원인을 파악하여 각 원인에 따라 개별적인 영양중재를 실시하였다. 그 결과 연구대상자의 에너지 및 단백질 섭취량을 유의하게 개선시켰고 단백질의 INQ를 높였다. 또한 단백질, 철, 비타민 $B_2$의 NAR이 개선되고 MAR도 유의적인 증가를 보였다. 따라서 본 연구는 환자의 식사섭취량 부족의 원인을 정확하게 진단하고 영양진단에 따른 개별적인 영양중재를 통하여 환자의 식사섭취 상태를 개선시킬 수 있었다는 점에서 의의가 있다고 여겨진다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제53권5호
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• pp.532-546
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• 2020

본 연구는 암 진단을 받고 치료 중이거나 치료가 완료되어 관리를 하고 있는 대구·경북 지역 30대 이상 암 생존자 233명을 대상으로 식생활 안전관리 인식과 역량, 행동을 평가하였다. 본 연구의 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 체중관리의 중요성 인식 요인의 평균점수가 3.83/5.00점으로 가장 높았고, 다음으로 교육 요구 (3.79점), 건강하지 않은 식생활 (역, 3.64점) 순으로 높은 반면, 지식 습득의 어려움 (역, 2.30점) 요인의 평균점수가 가장 낮았고, 만성질환 불안 (2.64점), 지식 인식(2.74점), 균형식 (2.93점) 순으로 낮았다. 둘째, 남성, 60대, 경제적 상태와 영양보충제 섭취가 상대적으로 낮은 암 생존자의 식생활 안전관리 평균점수가 낮았고, 50대와 암 진단 3-5년 된 생존자의 식생활 안전에 관한 강박관념과 건강기능성 추구 요인이 유의적으로 높았다. 셋째, 식생활 안전관리 역량 중 건강관리 및 조리 역량이 높은 집단은 균형식과 건강기능성 추구 요인의 평균점수가 유의적으로 높았으나, 세 역량이 모두 낮은 집단은 이들 요인들이 평균점수가 낮았다. 넷째, 균형식 요인은 건강하지 않은 식생활(역) 요인을 제외한 모든 요인과 유의적인 상관관계를 보였고, 건강관리 역량 요인은 만성질환 불안, 식품안전 불안, 건강하지 않은 식생활(역) 요인을 제외한 요인과 유의적인 상관관계를 보였다. 본 연구는 암 재활 및 재발방지를 위해 암 생존자의 식생활 안전관리 유형과 인식, 및 행동을 살펴보았다. 현재의 암을 치료하고, 미래의 재발과 전이, 만성질환을 예방하여 지속가능한 건강관리를 위한 식생활 관리를 위해 암 생존자들을 대상으로 보다 적극적인 식생활 안전관리 역량 교육이 이루어져야 할 것이다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.481-487
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• 2013

Following breast cancer diagnosis, women often attempt to modify their lifestyles to improve their health and prevent recurrence. These behavioral changes typically involve diet and physical activity modification. The aim of this study was to determine association between healthy eating habits and physical activity with quality of life among Iranian breast cancer survivors. A total of 100 Iranian women, aged between 32 to 61 years were recruited to participate in this cross-sectional study. Eating practices were evaluated by a validated questionnaire modified from the Women's Healthy Eating and Living (WHEL) study. Physical activity was assessed using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). A standardized questionnaire by the European Organization of Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life and its breast cancer module (EORTC QLQ-C30/+BR-23) were applied to determine quality of life. Approximately 29% of the cancer survivors were categorized as having healthy eating practices, 34% had moderate eating practices and 37% had poor eating practices based on nutrition guidelines. The study found positive changes in the decreased intake of fast foods (90%), red meat (70%) and increased intake of fruits (85%) and vegetables (78%). Generally, breast cancer survivors with healthy eating practices had better global quality of life, social, emotional, cognitive and role functions. Results showed that only 12 women (12%) met the criteria for regular vigorous exercise, 22% had regular moderate-intensity exercise while the majority (65%) had low-intensity physical activity. Breast cancer survivors with higher level of physical activity had better emotional and cognitive functions. Healthy eating practices and physical activity can improve quality of life of cancer survivors. Health care professionals should promote good dietary habits and physical activity to improve survivor's health and quality of life.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권9호
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• pp.3997-4002
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• 2015

Background: Systemic inflammatory response was shown to play an important role in development and progression of many cancer types and different inflammation-based indices were used for determining prognosis. We aimed to investigate the prognostic effects of neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and prognostic nutritional index (PNI) in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Materials and Methods: NSCLC patients diagnosed in our institution were retrospectively reviewed. Demographic and clinicopathologic characteristics were recorded. NLR and PNI was calculated before the application of any treatment. Results: A total of 138 patients were included in the study. Patients were divided into two groups according to NLR (<3.24 or ${\geq}3.24$) and PNI (<49.5 or ${\geq}49.5$). While median overall survival was 37.0 (95% CI 17.5-56.5) months in the group with low NLR, it was calculated as 10.0 (95%CI 5.0-15.0) months in the group with high NLR (p<0.0001). While median overall survival was 7.0 (95%CI 3.5-10.5) months in the group with low PNI, it was calculated as 33.0 (95% CI 15.5-50.4) months in the group with high PNI (p<0.0001). Stage, NLR and PNI levels were evaluated as independent risk factors for overall survival for all patients in multivariate analysis (p<0.0001, p=0.04 and p<0.001, respectively). Conclusions: NLR (${\geq}3.24$) and PNI (<49.5) at diagnosis is an independent marker of poor outcome in patients with NSCLC. NLR and PNI is an easily measured, reproducible prognostic tests that could be considered in NSCLC patients.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권10호
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• pp.5567-5577
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• 2013

The prevalence of oral cancers (OC) is high in Asian countries, especially in South and Southeast Asia. Asian distinct cultural practices such as betel-quid chewing, and varying patterns of tobacco and alcohol use are important risk factors that predispose to cancer of the oral cavity. The aim of this review is to provide an update on epidemiology of OC between 2000 and 2012. A literature search for this review was conducted on Medline for articles on OC from Asian countries. Some of the articles were also hand searched using Google. High incidence rates were reported from developing nations like India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Taiwan and Sri Lanka. While an increasing trend has been observed in Pakistan, Taiwan and Thailand, a decreasing trend is seen in Philippines and Sri Lanka. The mean age of occurrence of cancer in different parts of oral cavity is usually between 51-55 years in most countries. The tongue is the leading site among oral cancers in India. The next most common sites in Asian countries include the buccal mucosa and gingiva. The 5 year survival rate has been low for OC, despite improvements in diagnosis and treatment. Tobacco chewing, smoking and alcohol are the main reasons for the increasing incidence rates. Low socioeconomic status and diet low in nutritional value lacking vegetables and fruits contribute towards the risk. In addition, viral infections, such as HPV and poor oral hygiene, are other important risk factors. Hence, it is important to control OC by screening for early diagnosis and controlling tobacco and alcohol use. It is also necessary to have cancer surveillance at the national-level to collect and utilise data for cancer prevention and control programs.

• 기본간호학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.96-113
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• 1999

This retrospective descriptive study was conducted to survey the use of alternative therapy by chronicly ill patients. The subject of this study were 205 chronicly ill patients at Pusan National University Hospital. The data for this study were patient record. The data were gathered from August, 1 to September, 30 1998 and analyzed through SPSSWIN program for frequency, percentile and $x^2-test$. The important results of this study are as followings. Of population-sociological characteristics on studied objects, sexual distribution showed a similar percentage male 47.8% and the female 52.2%. Age distribution showed that the 60-69 year old group made up 31.5%, and was the highest. Of religion Buddism was the most frequest. The diagnosis distribution showed cancer at 28.8% and coronary artery disease at 16.1%. According to the results of the study, 51.2% of subjects had used alternative therapy. The most common type of alternative therapy was dietary and nutritional therapy, 40.2%, the place of use, home, 44.0%, duration, less than 3 months, 51.5%. The most common motive was a recommendation by friends or family. The degree of satisfaction after the use of alternative therapy was high for 21.0%, and slight for 53.3%. The reaction after the use of alternative therapy was increasing power for patients with coronary artery disease and cancer, sugar control for those with DM, and pain control for those with chronic arthrits. The study showed that for chronicly ill patients, age, religion, diagnosis name have an important effect on the use of alternative therapy. In conclusion, chronicly ill patients showed high-use of alternative therapy but they did not used alternative therapy as a healing method. Therefore we must provide an education program nurses and physicians. And we must provide more information or healing method's and support chronicly ill patients.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.141-146
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• 2001

Lots of the agricultural information come from human experiences and are in non-numerical forms. Therefore, it is difficult to process to be processed in a conventional data processing way. An internet expert system for agricultural application using the ASP(active server page) was developed to solve this problem and consisted of databases, an inference engine, and an user interface. The databases were composed of rule base, question base and link data. The inference engine was developed with the ASP for connection with web between databases. The used interface was developed with the CGI(common gateway interface), so that question could be answered on a web browser, and the session technique was used to provide proper result to each of multi-users. A prototype internet expert system was developed for diagnosis of diseases and nutritional disorders of paddy rice. The expert system was interactively worked through WWW(world wide web) at remote sites by multi-users, even at the same time. The rule base could be easily updated and modified from a web server computer by a knowledge engineer.