• 한국환경농학회지
• /
• 제28권1호
• /
• pp.38-46
• /
• 2009

Livestock manure is an important source of nutrients for crop production. However, farmers typically do not know the exact nutrient values for livestock manure. In many instances, manure has been viewed as a waste, and as a result it is applied close to the source resulting in over application of nutrients. Thus, the goal of nutrient application has often been applied to reduce the application expense rather than to maximize crop income. This results in wasted money and potentially negative impacts on water quality. Several livestock manure management scenarios were created based on agronomic nutrient requirements using the Utilization of Animal Manure as a Plant Nutrient (AMANURE) software to investigate water quality impacts with the National Agricultural Pesticide Risk Analysis (NAPRA) WWW modeling system. Application of manure at agronomic rates can result in high nitrate-nitrogen losses for some soil types, especially when applied in late fall. The application of manure at an agronomic rate does not necessarily equate to adequate water quality protection, and farmers must take care applying manure at agronomic rates, because nitrate-nitrogen loss potential varies spatially and temporarily. Nutrient loss probability maps for Indiana at 5%, 10%, 25%, and 50% values were created to demonstrate potential water quality impacts when livestock manure is applied to cropland at agronomic rates. The NAPRA WWW system coupled with AMANURE can be used to identify site-specific livestock manure management plans that are environmentally sound and agronomically appropriate.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
• /
• 제38권2호
• /
• pp.124-134
• /
• 2010

This study was performed to evaluate the efficiency of using softwood as the sawdust medium for Lentinula edodes cultivation, effect of nutrient on the mycelial growth, spawning, the mushroom yield, and quality. The nitrogen nutrition significantly enhanced the mycelial growth of L. edodes. The glutamic acid in the L. leptolepis and P. koraiensis, and asparagine in the P. densiflora were appeared to slight increase in the mycelial growth. The vegetable oil showed very effective on the mycelial growth in the P. koraiensis sawdust medium. Carbon/nitrogen ratio of all the test was reduced after mycelial growth. The mycelial growth was exclusively dependent on reduction of carbon. The mushroom yield (32.7%) of the P. densiflora sawdust medium (carbon source: 3% active carbon, nitrogen source: 0.4% asparagines) was the best in mushroom production of L. edodes, followed by the Q. variabilis sawdust (35.4%) of the control medium. The diameter of mushroom cap was obtained from the P. densiflora sawdust (carbon source: 3% sucrose, nitrogen source: 0.4% potassium nitrate) and P. koraiensis sawdust (carbon source: 3% sucrose, nitrogen source: 0.4% potassium nitrate), and the P. koraiensis sawdust (carbon source: 3% xylose, nitrogen source: 0.4% glutamic acid, supplement: 0.05% amino acid), with values 71.5 mm, 71.5 mm and 72.1 mm, respectively. In the polypropylene bag cultivation, the weight losses of the block medium gradually increased for 80 days in the dark (13.8~16.8%) and then became stable in the range of 20.7~25.8%.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
• /
• 제10권5호
• /
• pp.405-417
• /
• 1995

This research was designed to see the relationship among nutrient intake, food intake frequency and psychosocial stress in ordinary life. The subjects were 190 males and 263 females of university students in urban areas. There were significant correlations between nutrient intake and stress value, and between food intake frequency and stress value. In male, the more they consumed energy, protein and carbohydrate, the higher they had stress in several categories. But in female the results were reversed. Their stress values were lower when they have consumed protein source food frequently. And in general, stress values of female were higher than those of male. From these results, we conclude that nutrient intake tends to be decresed with increase stress in less stressful condition, but to be increased in more stressful condition.

• 한국작물학회지
• /
• 제43권1호
• /
• pp.6-10
• /
• 1998

This study was conducted to obtain basic information on the development of new triticale cultivars with good quality and high productivity for soiling feed. Twelve cultivars introduced from Poland, Canada and two cultivars developed in Korea were planted in the experimental field at Ansong National University in 1995. Major growth traits and nutrient components for feed were measured and analyzed using principal component analysis and average linkage cluster analysis. 'Prego', 'Prag 46/3', and 'Clercal' were relatively high in forage yield. Most of forage nutrient contents except cellulose were higher in Prego, Clercal, and 'Cumulus' than other cultivars. Results of principal component analysis on 11 traits including forage yield and nutrient contents showed that 72.59% of total variation were explained by the first and second principal components. The Z$_1$ had high correlation with the contents of forage nutrient components and Z$_2$ with plant height, fresh, and dry weight. Fourteen cultivars were classified into 7 groups by multivariate analysis. Clercal and Prego in Group I could be useful source for the improvement of triticale as an important forage crop because they exhibited high productivity as well as high contents of nutrient components for feed.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
• /
• 제19권11호
• /
• pp.1891-1899
• /
• 2016

Recently food problem and crop disaster have been increased continuously because of the meteorological changes. These cause rising cost for crops continuously and irregularly. Some researchers have studied straight structure of device for hydroponics and plant factory previously to solve a fundamental part of these problems. However, there are several problems such as limited crop cultivation space, providing irregular nutrients for crops, and lack of monitoring interfaces. For them, we propose an optimal growth and development crops management system using light source tracking and recirculation of nutrient solution method to supply nutrient continuously based on IoT. In order to evaluate the performance of our system, we compared and analyzed in terms of two viewpoints, the tracking analysis for natural light source measurement and the growth of crops through artificial light, LED, respectively. We confirmed that the higher the duty ratio of LED, the larger the crop's size, particularly. As well as, for about 1 month, we compared with the existing natural light growing environment and that of our system. It was confirmed that the size of the crops grown through our system is about three times larger than that of natural light natural crops.

• 대한한의학원전학회지
• /
• 제32권4호
• /
• pp.47-55
• /
• 2019

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to research the relations between the Renying pulse and Qikou pulse diagnosis(人迎氣口脈診法) and the Chong vessel(衝脈) based on Yin and Yang(陰陽). Methods : We set up locations of the Renying pulse and the Qikou pulse as ST9(Renying pulse) and LU9(Qikou pulse) respectively. Several medical texts and papers were examined from the ancient to modern periods, in which the relations between the Renying and Qikou pulse diagnosis(人迎氣口脈診法) and the Chong vessel(衝脈) were analyzed based on Yin and Yang(陰陽). Results & Conclusions : The Chong vessel(衝脈) goes around the whole body and its dysfuction can be determined at pulsating sites. Also the Chong vessel(衝脈) supplies Source Qi(原氣) to the Stomach where it generates Nutrient Qi(營氣) and Defense Qi (衛氣). Due to the Lung's function that balances Nutrient Qi(營氣) and Defense Qi(衛氣), the balance between Yin and Yang is accomplished. This Yin-Yang balance can be confirmed through pulse diagnosis of the Renying pulse and Qikou pulse(人迎氣口脈診法).

• 한국작물학회지
• /
• 제31권3호
• /
• pp.326-335
• /
• 1986

본 시험을 생식생장기 냉수관개가 벼의 Source와 Sink 관련형질 및 양분흡수에 미치는 시비반응을 구명한 것으로 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 질소의 과용은 생육 및 수량을 감퇴시켰으나 인산, 가리, 규산의 증비로 생육량의 증대, 영화착생량과 등숙비율 향상에 유리하였다. 2. 영화의 착생수, 기경과 영화의 퇴화율, 불임율은 인산, 가리, 규산의 증비로 그 피해를 경감시킬 수 있었으며 특히 규산의 증비효과가 현저하였고 지경당 개화는 1차 지경보다 2차 지경에 착생한 영화수에 크게 영향을 받았다. 3. 미립 및 등미의 발생량과 수량과는 부의 상관관계가 있었으며 인산, 가리, 규산의 증비는 추액및 서미의 발생억제와 수량증가에 효과적이었다. 4. 질소의 증비는 엽신. 지경, 영곡의 전질소함량을 높이고 인산, 가리, 규산의 흡수를 저해시켰으나 인산, 가리, 규산의 증비는 질소의 과잉흡수억제 및 인산, 가리, 규산의 흡수를 증가시켰고 지경의 무기성분함양은 엽신보다는 적었다. 5. 엽신. 지경, 영곡의 무기성분함량의 상호관련성은 지경의 무기성분은 엽신의 무기성분함양에 영향을 받고 지경은 다시 영곡의 무기성분조성에 영향을 미치고 있음을 알 수 있었다. 6. Source 와 Sink 관련형질에 미치는 엽신, 지경, 영곡의 무기성분반응을 보면 지경과 영화의 퇴화율, 불임율, 등숙비율, 수량 모두 엽신, 영곡보다 지경의 무기성분함양에 크게 영향을 받았다. 이로 보아 지경은 단순한 양분이동의 통로기능만을 갖는 것이 아니라 종실의 물질집적에 중요한 생리적 기능을 가지는 기관임을 알 수 있었다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• 제33권4호
• /
• pp.429-437
• /
• 2000

Contributions of specific foods to absolute intake and between-person variance in 13 nutrients were examined to develop a short food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) for the Korean elderly using dietary data collected by a semiquantitative FFQ with 96 food items. The contributions of specific foods to 90% absolute nutrient intake were measured by assessing their percentage to the total consumption of a nutrient by our samples(n=98). To assess the contribution of the foods to the between-person variance in intake of each specific nutrient, stepwise multiple regression was performed. Cumulative R2 served as the measure of contribution to variation in intake. The most important food source of absolute intake was rice for energy and protein. Important foods of between person variance contribution include bread for energy and pork for protein. Important foods of absolute and variance contribution of nutrient intake were similar for fat(noodles including jajangmyun and kalguksu), calcium(anchovy and milk) and vitamin A (carrot). The number of foods necessary to account for the variation in nutrient intake among older people in Korea differ considerably by nutrient: 18 - 43 and 8-26 foods were accounted for the respective 90 and 80% of absolute intake depending on nutrients. Carbohydrates and vitamin A and C had relatively a few major sources, thus may be assessed well by a small number of foods. Conversely, iron, potassium and B vitamins appear to need longer lists of foods. Fewer numbeer (6 - 12 and 4 - 9) of foods were required for the corresponding percentages of between-person variation for all nutrients. Depending on nutrients, 0.980-0.995 and 0.924-0.987 were respective correlation coefficients of nutrient intakes measured by 96 food items with those by lists of foods for 90% and 80% of absolute intake contribution. These findings suggest that an incomplete food list on the basis of its contribution to absolute and between person variation intakes may still be effective in discriminating among individuals. The results of this study may be useful in the design and use of dietary questionnaire.

• 한국토양비료학회지
• /
• 제42권Spc호
• /
• pp.47-50
• /
• 2009

본 연구는 경사지 밭 토양에서의 양분유실로 인한 지표수와 지하수 오염의 주요 요인인 인산과 질소에 대하여 평가하였다. 유실된 토양 중에서 흡착된 인산은 용해되어 천천히 조류들의 영양원으로 이용되고, 물에 용해된 질소와 인산은 부영양화의 주요 요인으로 조류들에 의하여 즉시 영양원으로 이용된다. 질소의 유실은 유실된 총량의 약 90%가 유출수와 침투수에 의하여 유실되고, 인산의 유실은 유실된 총량의 약 60% - 67%가 유실된 토양 입자에 흡착되어 유실되었다. 대체적으로 환경적으로 합리적인 토양 및 물 관리에 의한 적절한 토지이용, 시비관리 및 토양 보전농법은 토양 및 양분유실을 감소시킬 수 있고, 지표수와 지하수의 수질을 개선할 수 있다.

• 한국농공학회지
• /
• 제32권E호
• /
• pp.1-19
• /
• 1990

Abstract Over the last several decades, crop production in the United States increased largely due to the extensive use of animal waste and fertilizers as plant nutrient supplements, and pesticides for crops pests and weed control. Without the application of animal waste best management, the use of animal waste can result in nonpoint source pollution from agricultural land area. In order to increase nutrient levels and decrease contamination from agricultural lands, nonpoint source pollution is responsible for water quality degradation. Nonpoint source pollutants such as animal waste, ferilizers, and pesticides are transported primarily through runoff from agricultural areas. Nutrients, primarily nitrogen and phosphorus, can be a major water quality problem because they cause eutrophic algae growth. In 1985, it was presented that Watershed/Water Quality Monitoring for Evaluation BMP Effectiveness was implemented for Nomini Creek Watershed, located in Westmoreland County, Virginia. The watershed is predominantly agricultural and has an aerial extent of 1505 ha of land, with 43% under cropland, 54% under woodland, and 3% as homestead and roads. Rainfall data was collected at the watershed from raingages located at sites PNI through PN 7. Streams at stations QN I and QN2 were being measured with V-notch weirs. Water levels at the stream was measured using an FW-l Belfort (Friez FWl). The water quality monitoring system was designed to provide comprehensive assessment of the quality of storm runoff and baseflow as influenced by changes in landuse, agronomic, and cultural practices ill the watershed. As this study was concerned with the Nomini Creek Watershed, the separation of storm runoff and baseflow measured at QNI and QN2 was given by the master depletion curve method, and the loadings of baseflow and storm runoff for TN (Total Nitrogen) and TP (Total Phosphorus) were analyzed from 1987 through 1989. The results were studied for the best management practices to reduce contamination and loss of nutrients, (e.g., total nitrogen and total phosphorus) by nonpoint source pollution from agricultural lands.