• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.48 no.6
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• pp.582-587
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• 2015

This study was conducted to compare the plant growth and fruit quality of blueberries grown in different soil textures of Korea, in order to utilize the results for stable production and soil improvement. Rabbiteye blueberry cultivars 'Tifblue' and 'Baldwin' were planted and grown for three years from 2013 in wagner pot (1 $2000a^{-1}$) in a greenhouse of Namhae Sub-station, Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science. The plants were grown in four soil textures, sand, sandy loam, loam and silt loam, and nutrient uptake and growth characteristics of plants were investigated. Leaf nitrogen and phosphorus contents of two cultivars grown in different soil textures ranged between 8.6 to $10.5gkg^{-1}$, which was lower than appropriate level for rabbiteye blueberry. However, the contents of potassium, calcium and magnesium in leaves were appropriate levels as $2.29{\sim}3.62gkg^{-1}$, $4.46{\sim}5.46gkg^{-1}$ and $1.45{\sim}2.12gkg^{-1}$, respectively. Nitrogen and phosphate contents in leaves were higher in the two cultivars grown in silt loam soil. There was no significant difference in plant volume and root dry weight among four soil textures in two cultivars. However, dry weight of leaves and branches were highest in loam soil. Fruit production was highest in loam and silt loam soil in two cultivars, showing negative correlation with the amount of sand in soil. However, sugar and acidity showed no correlation with sand content in soil. These results show the limit to the blueberry growth in soil that has no nutrient holding capacity; however, most of Korean soils that have good nutrient holding capacity can produce competitive fruits if the drainage is improved.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.193-205
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• 2021

The importance of forests and trees in climate change mitigation and soil nutrient cycling cannot be overemphasized. This study assessed the above-ground carbon stock of two exotic and two indigenous tree species - Gmelina arborea, Tectona grandis, Khaya grandifoliola and Nauclea diderrichii and their litter impact on soil nutrient content of an arboretum within the University of Port Harcourt, Nigeria. Data were collected from equal sample plots from the four species' compartments. Tree growth variables including total height, diameter at breast height, crown height, crown diameter and merchantable height were measured for the estimation of above-ground carbon stock. Soil samples were collected from a depth of 0-30 cm from each compartment and analyzed for particle size distribution, organic carbon, total nitrogen, available phosphorus, exchangeable bases, exchangeable acidity, cation exchange capacity, base saturation, pH, Manganese, Iron, Copper and Zinc. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was used to test for significant difference (p<0.05) in the carbon contents of the four species and the soil nutrient contents of the different species' compartments. Pearson correlation was used to assess the relationships between the carbon contents, growth parameters and soil parameters. The highest and lowest carbon stock per hectare was observed for G. arborea (151.52 t.ha^-1) and K. grandifoliola (45.45 t.ha^-1) respectively. Cation exchange capacity and base saturation were highest and lowest for soil under G. arborea and K. grandifoliola respectively. The pH was highest and lowest for soil under G. arborea and T. grandis respectively. Carbon stock correlated positively with dbh, crown diameter, merchantable height and Zn and negatively with base saturation. The study revealed that G. arborea and N. diderrichii can effectively be used for reforestation and afforestation programmes aimed at climate change mitigation across Nigeria. Therefore, policies to encourage and enhance their planting should be encouraged.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.206-217
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• 1982

This experiment was conducted to study about nutrient absorption of flag leaf and chaff of rice plant different transplanting date with elevations. Heading stage was delayed by destructive cold temperature or late transplanting. Plant analyses revealed that above poor plants also had higher total nitrogen content, but ower silicate in the flag leaf and sterile chaff. Total nitrogen and silica contents to accumulated in flag leaf between yield was significant high correlation. The chaff of late transplanting and sterility was high total nitrogen. Relationship between silicate absorption and total nitrogen of chaff was significant high correlation. Ripening temperature after heading stage was influenced total nitrogen of chaff. Phosphate, potassium, calssium and silicate contents of chaff increased hight ripening temperature but total nitrogen decreased. Therefore, inorganic element contents of chaff was closely connected with grain sterility.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.9-16
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• 1972

Twenty kinds of minerel nutrient solution were prepared and supplied to the tomatoes planted in Norwegian quartz pots. These plants were cultured for nine weeks and several physiogical phenomena were observed during the growing period, and after harvest, the alkaloid contents were determined. The highest growth potential was in NS 3 group while the highest alkaloid content wasein KMg 18 group.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.85 no.4
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• pp.656-666
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• 1996

Aspen demand has increased recently in the Great Lakes region in the United States. Since aspen has moved into the region in late 1800's, its growing stock has increased so as to change forestry industry of the Lake States. Intensive timber harvesting and biomass removal may cause nutrient depletion, especially on nutrient-poor sites. Forest nutrients and nutrient cycling were investigated in aspen stands of 7-10, 27-33, and 41-42 year-old growing on sandy soils in Minnesota. Nutrients added to the aspen stands by atmospheric deposition and soil weathering were efficiently absorbed and stored in the tree biomass. Aboveground biomass increased from $24.4t{\cdot}ha^{-1}$ at young stands to $139.2t{\cdot}ha^{-1}$ at mature stands. Nutrients accumulated in the tree biomass showed same magnitude of difference. Nutrients added to the site through atmospheric deposition were in the order of Ca, N, K, Mg, and P. Annual litterfall was greater in older stands. However, the amount of nutrients returned by litterfall was not significantly different among stand ages due to the greater nutrient contents in the litterfall of young stands. Litter decomposition and nutrient release rates were greater at young stands than at older stands. Likewise, nutrient availability was higher in young aspen stands and became lower as the stands grew older. Nutrient leaching loss was minimal at all stand ages. Soil N mineralization was greater at young stands than at older stands. Nutrient cycling process was facilitated in young aspen stands with an increased level of available nutrients, Based on the estimations of nutrient balance and nutrient removal by harvesting, Ca was the most critical element which was likely to be depleted if aspen stands are intensively harvested with short rotations.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.194-203
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• 2016

This study aims to develop the processed foods with chestnut and support their commercialization. Interview was performed with owner of Gongju chestnut food processing company and sensory evaluation was carried out by 103 male and female adults aged 20-70 using Likert 5 point scale-scoring test for chestnut processed food items developed. Nutrient contents of processed foods with chestnut were analyzed by Korea Food Research Institute. Commercialization support contents were high calorie low nutrition distinction, nutrition facts production and expiration date determination. We suggested 27 kinds of feasible chestnut processed foods. Among these, 10 items, chestnut pudding, chestnut glutinous rice cake bread, chestnut poundcake, chestnut burrito, chestnut millet pancake, chestnut soup, Yulpyeon, chestnut yakgwa, chestnut yeot, and chestnut yanggaeng were selected after consultants' assessment. Considering sensory evaluation, consultants' opinions, and company owners' opinion and status, chestnut poundcake and chestnut yakgwa were ultimately selected for commercialization support. Nutrient contents showed that chestnut pound cake and chestnut yakgwa were not high calorie low nutrition food. Expiration date was 10 days for chestnut pound cake and 6 months for chestnut yakgwa. By developing chestnut processed foods with high marketability, and supporting immediate commercialization, it is expected to increase high added value of chestnut.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.98-103
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• 1992

With a purpose of finding out the effects of cattle slurry application on thc nutrient contents of herbages and energy productivity in grassland, a field experiment was conducted with two times and five levels of cattle slurry application. The experimental field was designed in a split-plot with threc replications, and lasted from September, 1986 to October, 1990 at the Livestock Experiment Station in Suweon, The results obtained are summarized as follows: 1. The net energy(NEL, StE and TDN) contents of grasses in the plots with cattle slurry application just after cutting were slightly higher when compared to manuring 15 days after cutting. but DCP content has reverse trend. 2. Average net energy(NEL. StE and TDN) and DCP production of the plot with cattle slurry application 15 days after cutting were insignificantly increased by 26 % than those of manuring just after cutting. The energy and DCP yields in the plot with cattle slurry and with slurry + mineral fertilizer were decreased by 21 -27 % and 8- 11 %, respectively than those of the plot with single dressing of mineral fertilizer. 3. Mineral contents of grasses were not significant difference among the treatments of cattle slurry. but considering nutrient balance of animals, application of cattle slurry of 30-$60m^3$/ha with mineral fertilizer was profitable as compared to the other treatments.

• 한국해양학회지
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.30-36
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• 1970

The water quality of the laver bed at Yongwon Ri, Changwon Gun was investigated during the spring and neap tide in March 1970. The effect of tide on the contents of various chemical constituents was irregular and the variation ranges of the contents were narrow. The pH value during flood and ebb tide was a constant of 8.2. The chlorosity range varied from 19.15 to 19.33g/l, the difference of 0.18g/l being comparatively small for coastal waters. The nutrient salts contents varied irregulary with the change in tide, but nitrite and soluble iron were not detected. In local distribution, chlorosity and silicate- silicon contents were found to be more at Sts. 1, 2 and 3 in the eastern area than at Sts. 4, 5 and 6 in the western area, wheras nitrate and ammonia contents were found to be more at Sts. 4, 5 and 6. The nitrate content was especially high, being twice as much as that at Sts. 1, 2 and 3 in the eastern area. In the spring tide, chlorosity was found, on the average, to be as much as 0.06g/l higher than in the neap tide, but the contents of nutrient salts were higher in the neap tide, especially the nitrate content was twice as much. When compared with other selected local laver beds, i.e., the tidal flats of the Nackdong and Somjin rivers, and of Wan Do Gun, the chlorosity level was highest but the nutrient salts contents level was, in general, slightly lower and the variation ranges narrow in the laver bed at Yongwon ri. The nitrate content, in particular was one tenth smaller than the others.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.217-222
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• 2013

In this study, we compared nutrient content emphasized on labelling of processed milks with that of whole milks and evaluated how well they conform to labelling standard. A total of 98 samples (33 whole milks, 28 calcium fortified milks, 30 low-fat milks and 7 lactose hydrolyzed milks) were collected in hypermarkets in Seoul from August 28 to August 30 in 2012. Calcium, fat and lactose contents were tested in the samples. Calcium contents ranged 102.2~113.0 mg/100 mL in whole milks and 120.1~337.8 mg/100 mL in calcium fortified milks. The level of calcium contents in fortified milks ranged very broad. Accordingly, the standard of calcium contents on fortified milks will be required. Fat contents ranged 3.1~3.9 g/100 mL in whole milks and 0.1~1.9 g/100 mL in low-fat milks. The average of fats content in low-fat milks was nearly one third than whole milks. Lactose contents was ranged 4.6~5.1 g/100 mL in whole milks and not detected in lactose hydrolyzed milks. All of processed milks were suitable to processing standard and labelling standard. But nutrition claims often used on processed milk such as "High" or "Low" were not adequate to indicate the exact nutrient content, which is a cause of the confusion for milk product labelling to consumers. We need a lot of research about nutrient labelling that can deliver appropriate and understandable information to customers.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.326-335
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• 1986

In cold water irrigation, some growth and yield were decreased by heavy application of nitrogen but in-creased by heavy application of phosphate, potassium and silicate. Among growth characters, number of spikelets per panicle and grain filling ratio were affected significantly. Cold damage in number of spikelets, spikelet sterility and degeneration of spikelet and branch could be reduced by increasing application amount of phosphate, potassium and in particular silicate. Number of spikelets per branch was closely related with number of spikelets per secondary branches. Number of abortive grains and immature grains had negative correlations with yield and could be reduced by heavy application of phosphate, potassium and silicate. Heavy nitrogen application led to high total nitrogen content and restrained the uptake of phosphate, potassium and silicate. However, adverse results were showed by heavy application of phosphate, potassium and silicate. Inorganic element contents in branches were lower than those in leaf blades, but higher than those in chaff. Branches showed little differences in inorganic element contents between heading stage and maturing stage. Inorganic element contents in branches were considered to be influenced by those in leaf blades and to affect those in chaff. Some growth characters related to source and sink, such as degeneration of branches and spike-lets, sterility ratio, ripening ratio, and yield had closer relationship with nutrient contents in branches than those in leaf blades and chaff. The results demonstrated that the rachis branch not only was a transport pathway of nutrient but also would play an important role in accumulating substances in panicles.